Showing results for: vehicle emissions Articles
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VOC concentrators + RTO, the perfect solution for Automotive emissions treatment
When it comes to environmental issues, there are specific aspects related to the Automotive sector that we have to consider. During automotive production, there are different processes that generate gas emissions, liquid discharges and solid and semi-solid waste, depending on the manufacturing stage. All of them need to be taken into account in order to provide the best possible environmental ...
By TECAM
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Projecting emission reductions from prospective mobile sources policies by road link-based modelling
A methodology was developed to project total vehicular emissions from different emission reduction policies for the light-duty vehicles in the roads network of Tehran, Iran. A road-link-based model was constructed based on a bottom-up approach by coupling COPERT emission functions with the travel demand model of EMME/2. Results showed total emission from the studied network was largely impacted ...
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Ultrafine particle and gas contamination of urban air in Seoul, Korea, during winter
To investigate the contamination characteristics of ultrafine particles and gases originating from vehicle exhaust, data were obtained from one-week intensive monitoring at an urban site in Seoul, Korea during the winter of 2003. The diurnal variations of size-segregated particle concentrations for both ultrafine particles (20?100 nm) and accumulation mode particles (100?600 nm) were very ...
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Sensitivity to input parameters of Mobile6.2-AERMOD simulated emissions and concentrations
This study investigates the sensitivity of simulated emissions and airborne NO 2 and benzene concentrations to model input parameters. Emission factors were estimated using Mobile6.2 and ambient concentrations were estimated using AERMOD. The simulation was performed for Huron Church Road in Windsor, Ontario, Canada, an arterial road 9 km in length with an average vehicle speed of 50 km/h. ...
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Characterising emissions from private passenger vehicles using engine operating patterns
A method to simulate emissions factors using frequency distribution plots of engine speed and engine load is proposed. The distribution plots and corresponding emissions factors were developed from speed time series' of real-world driving cycles and physical properties of a range of private passenger vehicles tested at the EMPA. Emissions factors were estimated for a set of simultaneously ...
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India’s contribution in carbon emissions – a case study on Delhi region
Global warming due to increase in green house gases especially carbon dioxide has changed the earth’s climate forever. Therefore, this paper is an attempt to find how much does Delhi contribute to global warming? And what role should India play in solving this problem? The study reveals that the major cause of increase in green house gases in Delhi is because of the increased number of vehicles ...
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Seasonal evolutions of ozone (O3) and its nitrogen precursors (NO, NO2) in urban Sfax (Tunisia)
Seasonal evolution of ozone (O3) and its nitrogen precursors (NO, NO2) in downtown Sfax (Tunisia) was monitored. Nitrogen oxides are shown to be closely related to local vehicle sources. Seasonal ozone levels, however, are shown to be dependent on regional meteorological conditions. High ozone levels are due to the effect of anticyclones and stratosphere intrusions (cut-off lows). Low levels are ...
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Numerical simulation of the impact of street geometry on vehicle emissions in urban area
Keeping the street geometry acceptable in an urban area has become an important task to improve the air quality. Gaseous emissions from vehicles increase the incidence of a variety of human health problems. This study presents a numerical simulation of the effect of street geometry on the dispersion of vehicular pollutants in an urban area using various types of k-ε turbulence models, i.e., a ...
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Research Note: Air pollution challenges and solutions for China's urban transportation development
China has experienced dramatic urbanisation and motorisation in the past 20 years. The phenomenal rise in the vehicle population in major cities has resulted in increased air pollution, traffic congestion and other 'wicked problems'. The Chinese government at all levels has made significant effort to control motor vehicle emissions, but vehicle population growth far outpaces their efforts, ...
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Applying hourly measurements of meteorological data and aerosol soluble ions in Taipei Basin, Taiwan
This study applies observational data composed of hourly weather and aerosol to discuss the aerosol characteristics within different weather systems. Based on cluster analysis, spring weather in Taipei Basin 2004 was characterised as five weather systems: humid/low south wind speed, dry cold/high east wind speed, humid cold/east wind, dry cold/northeaster, and northwestern convection wind. Under ...
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A numerical study of mesoscale airflow and dispersion over coastal complex terrain
A computational system composed of a three dimensional (3D) mesoscale model and a Lagrangian stochastic model is applied to forecast the boundary layer dynamics and Carbon Oxide (CO) air concentrations from motor vehicle emissions in the Rome urban area over the Lazio region of Italy. The model results show a general good agreement with observations at one location near Rome. The simulation ...
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A comparison of new technology vehicle airborne emissions and energy usage
This paper examines electric, hybrid electric and fuel cell electric vehicles. Comparisons have been made with the EURO I and EURO IV gasoline car, for the year 2005, on the basis of energy usage and airborne pollutants, generated both at the point of use and over the whole energy cycle. The study shows that on average, across EU15 countries, the electric vehicle will generate much reduced ...
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Temporal variations of BTX compounds in Bursa/Turkey atmosphere
Ambient concentrations of C2–C12 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were measured at Bursa, which is the fourth largest city of Turkey. Two measurement campaigns were carried out between September 14 to November 6, 2005 and March 17 to May 10, 2006. Fifty one VOCs were regularly determined in each chromatogram. However, only BTX compounds are discussed in this study. Concentrations of BTX ...
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Analysis of the impacts of an environmental traffic management system on vehicle emissions and air quality
Environmental traffic management systems (ETMS) are implemented to improve air quality in urban streets. They allow for a situation-related control of light signal systems to optimise road capacities and enhance traffic flow in street sections. Therefore, they are equipped with mitigation strategies and continuously provided with traffic and air quality data. In this context, it is ...
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Strategies for controlling pollution from vehicular emissions in Beijing
Beijing is one of the most polluted cities in the world, which is caused by surprising vehicular growth in the past decade. This paper describes the severe situation of vehicular emission pollution in Beijing, and discusses the following strategies for mitigation: improving fuel quality, controlling the exhaust from new vehicles, controlling the emissions from vehicles in use through, e.g., ...
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Epiphytic lichens on air biomonitoring in Belo Horizonte City, Brazil: a preliminary assessment
Belo Horizonte is the fifth most populous city in Brazil and there is no data on the level of its atmospheric pollution concerning chemical elements. This study was conducted as a preliminary survey using lichens as biomonitors collected from two parks: Municipal Am?rico Ren? Giannetti, downtown, and Mangabeiras, far from the city centre, a place regarded as not polluted. Epiphytic lichens were ...
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Modelling street canyon pollution: model requirements and expectations
Dispersion of pollution from traffic in urban street canyons is governed by a complex wind flow structure, which hardly can be described by traditional Gaussian models. On the other hand, some simple rules can be used to provide rough estimates of pollution levels, especially considering the worst-case conditions. The model requirements will thus also depend on the particular application and the ...
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Analyses of technical options for mitigating CO2 emissions from an urban transport system: a case study of Beijing City
This paper aims to extrapolate the energy consumption and environmental emissions data on the urban passenger transport system in Beijing, to assess the cost-effectiveness and emission reduction potential of promising technology options for transport systems, and to identify options with both reduction potential and cost-effectiveness. Furthermore, it identifies major barriers to the adoption of ...
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Atmospheric lead concentrations near roadways in a suburban part of Istanbul
In this study, daily aerosol samples of fine (PM2.5) and coarse (PM2.5−10) particles were collected at Buyukcekmece (41°2′35″N, 28°35′25″E), a sub-urban part of Istanbul, Turkey. Sampling area is under the impact of two main transport arteries, namely the Trans European Motorway (TEM) and E5 motorways. Atmospheric lead levels measured in this study were compared with those reported previously ...
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Comparison of measured and modelled NO2 values at Zurich airport, sensitivity of aircraft NOx emissions inventory and NO2 dispersion parameters
This paper presents a comparison of modelled and measured annual mean NO2 concentrations around Zurich airport. Modelled concentrations were derived from the LASAT Lagrangian model for the airport and from a Gaussian plume model for the Zurich canton. The measured annual mean NO2 concentrations were monitored at stations within the airport. The modelled airport NO2 concentrations fell below 1 ...
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