three-way catalyst Articles
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Three-Way Catalysts for Talisman Energy
Description Natural gas compressor station in northern Alberta, Canada, powered by Waukesha 7042 GSI engines. Challenge The challenge was to meet emission targets for NOx, CO and non-methane hydrocarbons, for a variety of compressor engines with different exhaust configurations. Solution DCL supplied the catalyst housings in two basic configurations for this project. ...
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Ultra Low Emission Vehicle II Ultra Low PGM
The task for the emissions management sector is to deliver cost effective solutions to meet future emissions standards. Global Emissions Management reports on catalyst development at Johnson Matthey demonstrating that ULEV II limits can be met using advanced palladium-rhodium three-way catalyst (TWC) technology at ultra low platinum group metal (PGM) loadings. To view the full article ...
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The benzene problem: impact of three-way catalyst technology: potential for further improvement
Chemical ionisation mass spectrometry (CI-MS) was applied to study the benzene emission characteristics of a TWC-vehicle at a time resolution of one Hertz. Three important operating conditions with increased emissions were identified: at vehicle start; at extended stop-and-go situations; and whenever a catalyst-induced benzene formation occurs. The cold start influence was detectable for about ...
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Global innovation vs. local regulation: introduction of automotive emission control in Sweden and Europe
The increasing effects of pollution in larger cities in Europe in the 1960s spurred investigations into the sources of pollution and the means for its reduction. One important source of pollution was found to be the increasing fleet of passenger cars. In difference to a common description like "strict vehicle emission regulations were established in EU and EFTA countries in 1995", this paper ...
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Combustion strategies for PFI hydrogen IC engines
Hydrogen is a very interesting fuel when it comes to load control. The high flame speeds of hydrogen mixtures and its wide flammability limits permit very lean operation. Where possible, Wide Open Throttle (WOT) operation is used, which regulates the load with the mixture richness (qualitative control) instead of using volumetric regulation (quantitative control) and, thus, avoiding pumping ...
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Zeolite Molecular Sieves Ssz-13 Dessicant
SSZ-13 molecular sieve,with chabazite (CHA) topology, consists of AlO4 and SiO4 tetrahedron connected end to end by oxygen atoms, formed a ellipsoid cage (0.73 nm×1.2 nm)with eight membered ring structure and three-dimensional cross channel structure. The size of pore is 0.38 nm×0.38 nm and the specific surface area is up to 700 m2/g.SSZ-13 shows excellent performance of NOX removal from ...
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Catalytic Exhaust Emission Control of Small Internal Combustion Engines
ABSTRACT Gaseous emissions present in the engine exhaust of on-road motor vehicles are subject to stringent exhaust emission 2ontrol standards for carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons, and oxides of nitrogen (NOx). All major automobile manufacturers utilize three-way catalytic converters to meet these standards. There are millions of small engines in on-road and off-road applications whose ...
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Time-resolved ammonia measurement in vehicle exhaust
The objective of this study was to identify the influence of sampling and analytical approach on the quality of NH3 emission data of a gasoline-fuelled three-way catalyst vehicle. NH3 concentration measurements have been performed in the tailpipe and in the diluted exhaust after a constant volume sampling (CVS) system during five different test cycles. Chemical ionisation mass spectrometry ...
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Real Driving Emissions: Meaning and Monitoring
Road traffic is a key contributor to ambient air pollution in many parts of the world today. Throughout the years, different legislative efforts have been made to reduce pollutant emissions, both at national and international levels. One of the recent steps taken, is to introduce limits on emissions when driving in actual traffic, also called Real Driving Emissions, RDE. Accordingly, such ...
By OPSIS AB
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