PM2.5 Articles
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Scavenging of PM2.5 by precipitation and the effects of precipitation pattern changes on health risks related to PM2.5 in Tokyo, Japan
Fine particulate matter (aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm; PM2.5) poses risks to human health. While precipitation is the main process for decreasing ambient pollutant concentrations, scavenging of PM2.5 by precipitation remains to be investigated. Here we formulated the processes of PM2.5 scavenging by precipitation from observed PM2.5 concentrations ([PM2.5]) and precipitation intensities. ...
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Fine Particulate Series (Part 3): PM2.5 prevention of significant deterioration (i.e., Attainment) – What you need to know
U.S. EPA’s final rules (and policies) governing the implementation of the New Source Review (NSR) program for fine particulate matter (i.e., particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 microns, or PM2.5) are now being implemented. In the March 2009 issue of 4 The Record, ALL4’s PM2.5 Team discussed the technical basics of PM2.5. Then, in the April 2009 issue, ...
By All4 Inc.
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A practical guide to PM2.5
By now you’ve likely heard about U.S. EPA’s final rules governing the implementation of the New Source Review (NSR) program for fine particulate matter (i.e., particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 microns, or PM2.5). ALL4 published two articles in 2008 addressing specific aspects of the PM2.5 NSR rule. ALL4 has since formally established a PM2.5 Team to ...
By All4 Inc.
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Reduced PM2.5 in Trujillo, Peru, on El Dia Sin Autos (“The Day Without Cars”)
Street-level and rooftop (three-story building) concentrations of particulate matter ≤2.5 µm in diameter (PM2.5) were measured in downtown Trujillo, Peru, in July and August 2003 to determine the PM2.5 concentration reduction on days with normal traffic conditions (32 days) versus a day when motor vehicles were temporarily banned from the downtown district (8:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m., July ...
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Association of Self-Reported Leisure-Time Physical Inactivity with Particulate Matter 2.5 Air Pollution
This study examines the association between annual levels of particulate matter (PM2.5) and self-reported leisure-time physical inactivity (LTPI) in the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) among 63,290 survey respondents who participated in the 2001 BRFSS from 142 counties in the U.S. The average prevalence of self-reported LTPI was about 24.9% (SE = 0.3%). LTPI prevalence was ...
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Performance characterization of the MiniVol PM2.5 Sampler case study
Measurements were conducted to assess the MiniVol PM2.5 sampler performance for various particle preseparator configurations including flat and cup impaction stages. Laboratory measurements were conducted to determine the impactor collection efficiency as a function of paricle size. Impactor cut points - the aerodynamic particle diameter exhibiting 50% collection efficiency - were 2.5 um (+- 10%) ...
By AirMetrics
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Characteristic study of particulates and metallic elements at an urban sampling site in Taichung, central Taiwan
Atmospheric total suspended particulate concentrations and metallic element concentrations were measured at three locations, characteristic of urban, suburban and rural sites. The sampling period was from July 2000 to August 2000. The results indicated that the urban sampling site had the highest total suspended particulate concentrations (average 108.61µ1m³), followed by the suburban site ...
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Personal exposure to particulate air pollution in transport microenvironments
Personal measurements of exposure to particulate air pollution (PM10, PM2.5, PM1) were simultaneously madeduring walking and in-car journeys on two suburban routes in Northampton, UK, during the winter of 1999/2000.Comparisons were made between concentrations found in each transport mode by particle fraction, between differentparticle fractions by transport mode, and between transport ...
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Further insights into the composition, source and toxicity of pahs in size‐resolved PM in a megacity in China
Concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 and 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were measured. The average concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 reached 209.75 μg/m3 and 141.87 μg/m3; and those of ΣPAHs were 41.46 ng/m3 for PM10 and 36.77 ng/m3 for PM2.5. The mass ratio concentrations were 219.23 μg/g and 311.01 μg/g in PM10 and PM2.5, respectively. Three sources and their contributions for PAHs ...
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Metallic elements in particulates released during incense-burning at Tzu Yun Yen temple, Taichung, Taiwan
Concentrations of ambient suspended particulates were measured at Tzu Yun Yen temple (120°, 34´ 10”E; 24°, 16´, 12”N), using a Universal sampler and dry deposition plates. The temple is a characteristic incense-burning and semi-open sampling site. PM2.5 concentrations for Period 1 (average 901µg/m³) were higher than those for Period 2 (average 701µg/m³). Results for average ...
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Clean Air Matters!
New research presents facts about the consequenses of polluted air, and PM2.5 in particular. Air pollution is causing 5 millions of premature deaths per year according to scientists. This means that 5 in 100 persons will die due to air pollution. ...
By OPSIS AB
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Fine Particulate Series: PM2.5 nonattainment — What you need to know
In the March 2009 4 The Record article “A Practical Guide to PM2.5,” ALL4’s PM2.5 Team discussed the technical basics of PM2.5 and the specific steps that you can take to assess your position with regard to the challenging regulatory landscape that lies ahead. This month’s article aims to fill in a few technical details regarding PM2.5 nonattainment areas, including a ...
By All4 Inc.
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Elevated PM10 concentrations and high PM2.5/PM10 ratio in the Brussels Urban area during the 2006 car-free Sunday
The results of the Car-Free Sundays in Brussels demonstrate the close relationship between the traffic and the presence of the gaseous pollutants such as NO, NO2, CO, CO2 and O3 in a traffic environment. The relationship with PM10 and PM2.5 seems to be much more complex. In fact, the PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations on the Car-Free Sunday 2006 were amongst the highest that year and they were three ...
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Differential impacts of smoke-free laws on indoor air quality
The authors assessed the impacts of two different smoke-free laws on indoor air quality. They compared the indoor air quality of 10 hospitality venues in Lexington and Louisville, Kentucky, before and after the smoke-free laws went into effect. Real-time measurements of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 µm or smaller (PM2.5) were made. One Lexington establishment was excluded ...
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Expect Tighter Particulate Matter Standards
Particulate matter (PM) is a hot button issue poised to raise business costs and litigation. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was recently due to issue final PM standard revisions. EPA last year proposed stronger National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQSs) for fine PM (2.5 micrometers or less in diameter (PM2.5)) and the 24-hour PM2.5 standard. However, EPA sought to keep ...
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Health Impacts of Transported Global Air Pollution and International Trade
Globalization moves production and health problems to low cost countries such as China. Estimations show that 3.45 millions of deaths of people yearly are caused by PM2.5 particulate matter in the ambient air. 760.000 of these deaths are caused by production of goods in one continent for use in another continent. ...
By OPSIS AB
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`Implementation of Fine Particulate Standards - Quantification & Measurement Issues for Stationary Sources,` presented at the 2006 Conference on Air & Water Permits in Ohio
Agenda Why fine PM is currently an important issue Existing PM2.5 NAAQS Proposed NAAQS revisions Fine PM measurement methods Quantification issues Developments and alternatives ...
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Effect of prenatal exposure to fine particles and postnatal indoor air quality on the occurrence of respiratory symptoms in the first two years of life
The purpose of this study was to assess an impact of prenatal exposure to fine particles (PM2.5) on the risk of developing respiratory symptoms in early childhood. The study was carried out in a cohort of 465 newborns in Krakow (Poland) who have been followed over the first two years of life. The children exposed to medium level of PM2.5 (>35.3?53.4 µg/m³) had 13% more wheezing days (IRR = 1.13; ...
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The study of temple and pastureland particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons concentrations in central Taiwan
The concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the atmosphere were measured simultaneously at Tzu Yun Yen temple and Tung Hai University pastureland in Taichung, central Taiwan. At both sites, 24 h samplings were performed between August 2001 and December 2001. The results indicated that high molecular mass polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are predominant at the Tzu Yun Yen temple ...
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Monitoring of Terpene Emissions from Pine Trees by Auto-TDGCs
It has been established that organic aerosols (OA) makes up a major fraction of fine particulate matter in all region of the atmosphere. This fraction accounts approximately for half of the total PM2.5 dry mass. Primary OA is directly emitted in the trophosphere from anthropological and natural sources whereas secondary OA (SOA) is formed in-situ in the atmosphere from the oxidation of biogenic ...
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