Ianina R. Hutler Wolkowicz Articles

Exergy analysis of a Vapour Compression Refrigeration system with R-22, R-407C and R-410A

The parametric investigations of actual Vapour Compression Refrigeration (VCR) cycle in terms of Coefficient of Performance (COP), Exergy Destruction (ED) and exergetic efficiency of refrigerants R-22, R-407C and R-410A have been predicted with the help of a developed computational model. The present investigation has been carried out for evaporator and condenser temperatures in the range of ...

Sep. 12, 2007

By Inderscience Publishers
Globalisation of R&D

The globalisation of the critical R&D function is more necessary than ever. But managers continue to be daunted by the complexity this strategic change requires. In our work with leading companies around the world - and in a global survey of senior technology and innovation managers - Arthur D. Little has begun to evaluate and identify impediments and emerging best practices in the quest for ...

Feb. 11, 2004

By Inderscience Publishers
Management of technology through Vision-Driven R&D

Japanese manufacturing companies have grown based on strong new product development by market-driven R&D. In the early 1990s, they had strengthened their basic research and challenged scientific research, because they needed new innovative technologies for new product development. Some management resources had been invested in basic research and top management had high expectations for their R&D, ...

Feb. 10, 2004

By Inderscience Publishers
Driving forces and organisational configurations of international R&D: the case of technology-intensive Chinese multinationals

International R&D by multinational corporations (MNCs) from developing countries is on the increase. Some technology-intensive Chinese MNCs, which are playing an increasingly significant role in carrying out Chinese innovation strategies, have recently established global R&D networks. Based on the evidence from two technology-intensive Chinese MNCs in the telecommunications equipment industry, ...

Jul. 6, 2010

By Inderscience Publishers
R&D policy evaluation: the effects of R&D subsidies in Italy

In a context of scarce resources, exacerbated by the economic crisis, financing investment and structural changes in slowly growing economies, such as Italy, is very challenging. It becomes fundamental to engage in evaluation exercises in order to understand what policies are working and for whom. The paper offers an evaluation exercise on the major instruments used to promote R&D and innovation ...

Jul. 9, 2012

By Inderscience Publishers
Multinational R&D in China: differentiation and integration of global R&D networks

Based on case studies of multinational R&D centres in China, this paper views the central task of corporate R&D globalisation as: differentiating R&D units to take advantage of location–specific resources and integrating R&D efforts in multiple locations to achieve the whole corporation's goals. Four differentiated R&D units are identified: the technology competence unit, the system competence ...

May 21, 2014

By Inderscience Publishers
Management for enhanced R&D productivity

This paper discusses ways to improve a company's R&D performance. Finding appropriate projects is crucial to the company's links to commercialisation. Since commercialisation requires co-operation from top management as well as all the company-wide management, one must make sure that R&D projects match the corporate strategy. Also, to avoid missing the moving target, the R&D action plan must ...

Feb. 12, 2004

By Inderscience Publishers
How do foreign R&D units in China manage their Chinese R&D staff? An empirical exploration

Whereas extant literature has explored the question of why foreign R&D is present in China, we still know almost nothing about how these R&D operations are managed. This applies specifically to the management of Chinese R&D staff who conventionally are not known for their respect of foreign firms’ intellectual property rights (IPR). However, foreign R&D units in China are likely to have ...

Sep. 15, 2011

By Inderscience Publishers
Location choice, management and performance of international R&D investments in peripheral economies

Corporate R&D, one of the most shielded and centralised activities in the value chain, has recently experienced rapid internationalisation. However, academic writing has primarily concentrated on investments within 'core', i.e. triad, countries. The question to what extent firms invest in R&D in non-triad economies remains fairly uncharted territory. This paper provides insights regarding the ...

Apr. 14, 2009

By Inderscience Publishers
International comparison of R&D investment by European, US and Japanese companies

Looking across the rapidly developing world, it is even more crucial for companies to benchmark their R&D investment against best international practice in their sector and to understand the ways in which their R&D investment will affect future business performance. The globalisation of technology requires a global analysis involving companies all over the world. In this study, top R&D European, ...

Dec. 2, 2009

By Inderscience Publishers
Risk -based model/decision support tool for wastewater asset refurbishment and replacement (R&R) planning

Utility best management practice, as embodied in asset management terms, is delivering to customers defined levels of service at an acceptable risk at the least life-cycle cost of asset ownership. The challenge for utility mangers is defining ‘what is the lowest cost of asset ownership’ when considering the balance of operational, maintenance, refurbishment, and replacement costs all within an ...

Oct. 13, 2007

By Water Environment Federation (WEF)
Additionality of public R&D funding for business R&D - a dynamic panel data analysis

An important issue in R&D policy is whether publicly funded R&D is a substitute or a complement to privately funded R&D. However, measuring the impact of R&D policies has proven a difficult task, complicated by simultaneity and selection bias. We utilise a dynamic panel data approach to examine the effect of public funding that takes account of both these potential biases, using R&D data for ...

Jul. 9, 2012

By Inderscience Publishers
Defense financing of private R&D: evidences from French firms

This paper focuses on the public financing of private R&D. In France, this type of finance is mainly in the form of defense subsidies. This study brings empirical evidence on the open question of the effects of the public subsidies on private research, through analysing firms that receive R&D subsidies from the French Ministry for Defense. The paper builds different samples of firms from the ...

Mar. 4, 2010

By Inderscience Publishers
Getting ready for the phase out of R-22 (HCFC) refrigerant gas

Market Demand for R-22 HCFC Refrigerant Gas Will be 20% Higher than Available Supply The HCFC refrigerant gas called R-22 is the most pervasive refrigerant in everyday use around the world. Since the 1940's R-22 has been the refrigerant gas that we use in central air-conditioning (AC) systems at home and work. It is efficient, non-toxic and easy to use. It's difficult to grasp how important ...

Feb. 4, 2009

By Accruent
How biotechnology changes pharma R&D: a managerial perspective

In recent years, pharmaceutical R&D has increasingly been affected by two main factors. On the one hand, there is a technology push factor related to the development of biotechnology and, on the other hand, there is the demand pull related to the growing R&D performance required by the market. In this paper, on the basis of the empirical study, the main R&D related cost and revenue drivers ...

Jan. 30, 2004

By Inderscience Publishers
R&D investment responses to R&D subsidies: a theoretical analysis and a microeconometric study

Subsidies to the Norwegian high–tech industries have traditionally been given as 'matching grants', i.e., the subsidies are targeted, and the firms have to contribute a 50% own risk capital to the subsidised projects. Our results suggest that grants do not crowd out privately financed R&D, but that subsidised firms do not increase their privately financed R&D either. Hence, the own risk capital ...

Jul. 9, 2012

By Inderscience Publishers
Internationalisation of R&D: trends, drivers and managerial challenges

This paper reviews the literature on MNEs' international R&D activities with the purpose of assessing extent and trends, identifying central concepts, frameworks, typologies and debates, and assessing managerial implications. Reviewed statistics indicates that the fire growth in R&D internationalisation, well documented in the previous literature, may have come to an end. Furthermore, as a ...

Mar. 6, 2006

By Inderscience Publishers
Major considerations in the corporate development of R&D strategies within Australian technology-based firms

The work reported in this paper empirically examines major considerations in corporate R&D decision making in Australia. A set of hypotheses is tested through analysing the data obtained from one hundred and twelve technology-based companies with R&D activities. Australian R&D managers generally perceive that consistency with customer requirements, a firm's competitive strategy and the ...

Feb. 12, 2004

By Inderscience Publishers
Trends in R&D human resources and funding in the major industrialised countries

The recent geopolitical changes in the world, the technological advancements, and the globalisation of the economy are changing the global competitive environment. Individual countries have to look several years into the future, consider alternative scenarios for that environment, and develop analogous national policy. R&D policy which will greatly affect the future of an economy and its ...

Feb. 12, 2004

By Inderscience Publishers
The impact of financial constraints on firm R&D investments: empirical evidence from China

Innovation is essential for economic development and critical for firms to remain competitive. However, Chinese firms lag behind developed economies in terms of innovation, as measured by investments in R&D. R&D investments are more likely to be subject to financial constraints than ordinary investments as a result of higher risk and longer gestation periods. Using a unique World Bank survey of ...

May 21, 2014

By Inderscience Publishers

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