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A comparison of the removal of pharmaceutically active compounds by conventional biological processes and MBRs through the study of the factors affecting their removal
Courtesy of IWA Publishing
Pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) have been increasingly detected in the aquatic environment not just because of their growing use, but also due to their persistence in ecosystems through their accumulation inside living organisms and the inability of the wastewater treatment plant processes and of natural systems to degrade and transform them to harmless end-products [1-2].
PhACs wind up from use in industry, households and agriculture into the treated wastewaters where they are not completely removed, ending up in the natural water sources which provide societies with drinking, irrigation and recreational water with reported effects including genotoxicity, increased bacterial antibiotic resistance and aquatic toxicity [3].
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