A new High-Performance Integrated hydrodynamic Modelling System (Hi-PIMS) is tested for urban flood simulation. The software solves the two-dimensional shallow water equations using a first-order accurate Godunov-type shock-capturing scheme incorporated with the Harten, Lax and van Leer approximate Riemann solver with the contact wave restored (HLLC) for flux evaluation. The benefits of modern graphics processing units are explored to accelerate large-scale high-resolution simulations. In order to test its performance, the tool is applied to predict flood inundation due to rainfall and a point source surface flow in Glasgow, Scotland, and a hypothetical inundation event at different spatial resolutions in Thamesmead, England, caused by embankment failure. Numerical experiments demonstrate potential benefits for high-resolution modelling of urban flood inundation, and a much-improved level of performance without compromising result quality.
Abstract
This paper will provide an overview of how ground water monitoring statistical choices can significantly impact a facility`s ground water monitoring costs. For example, a recent study analyzed the long term ground-water monitoring cost impacts of different statistical analysis approaches on over 20 landfills. The study found that the choice of statistical approach can make over a 50% difference in long term monitoring costs. Four key issues in choosing a statistical approach that minimizes monitoring...
Water UK’s report on ‘Lessons learned from summer floods 2007’ highlights a need for better flood forecasting tools that Wallingford Software’s InfoWorks CS, RS and FloodWorks are perfectly aligned to meet. The water industry’s trade body set up a review after the devastating flooding that hit many parts of the country and overwhelmed the Mythe water treatment works in Gloucestershire, leaving thousands of Severn Trent Water’s customers without tap water for days. Emergency services battled successfully to...
Creation of a single integrated InfoWorks CS model covering foul, surface and river systems is proving invaluable in understanding the complex interactions within a flood-prone urban catchment in north west London.
The three systems had originally been held in separate models, with the foul and surface networks each modeled in InfoWorks CS and the rivers in ISIS. “There has been a lot of careful work to bring the models together, but it does provide benefits,” says Tony Bamford of MWH. Appreciation of how all...
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Scotland has an area of roughly 79,000km2 and a population of five million. The northern highlands is the least populated area, but covers two thirds of the land, with the central lowlands the most populous zone and the fertile southern uplands dedicated mainly to farmland. In all, the country has some 50,000km of rivers and numerous lochs, including major water bodies such as Loch Lomond and Loch Katrine, which supply water to Glasgow, and Loch Ness.
With such plentiful...
The UK’s prestigious Royal Society recently held a discussion group on the subject of Flood Management and Climate Change. With much of the Northern Hemisphere approaching the winter flooding season, we spoke to Wallingford Software’s David Fortune to find out the role of modelling in flood forecasting and flood management. He set out his ideas as follows:
We must remember first that, while we might expect more flooding as our climate changes, it is not a simple matter to predict the extent of flooding. It’s not...
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Executive Summary
Water policy in the European Union is aiming to promote sustainable water use and a major objective of the new Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC) is the long-term progressive reduction of contaminant discharges to the aquatic environment in urban wastewater (UWW). Sewage sludge is also a product of wastewater treatment and the Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive (91/271/EEC) aims to encourage the use of sludge whenever appropriate. Potentially toxic elements...
Abstract
The development of numerical codes, as well as pre- and post-processors to support these codes, has made the discipline of groundwater modelling increasingly more automated and efficient. The value of such modelling is reliant on the site-specific data used to build and calibrate the models. The integration of EarthSoft`s EQuISÒ Geology and any of several popular modelling environments results in a data management and analysis system that is more complete than the modelling system alone. Water level...
`The oceans are in trouble and so are we,` oceanographer Sylvia Earle, National Geographic explorer in residence and researcher for the Smithsonian, was quoted as saying in an article on the web by Seth Borenstein writing for the Philadelphia Inquirer and San Jose Mercury News Washington Bureaus. Citing a study by the Harvard Medical School`s Center for Health and the Global Environment covering 1976 to 1996, Borenstein reports a greater than fourfold increase in harmful algal blooms (74 to 329). `stranding of...
Synopsis
Industry, Fresh Water, and Sustainable Development is published jointly by the World Business Council for Sustainable Development and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).
The growing demands for water for human consumption, agriculture and industry means that fresh water must not be taken for granted, but be carefully used.
Industry has an important part to play in this, and our report looks at what industry is doing to improve and increase the supply and quality of fresh water.
The...
Many companies are subject to environmental regulations without realizing it. In general, any business, big or small, commercial or industrial, which emits vapors or dust into the air, discharges process waste water into a sewer or on the ground, or generates a solid waste for disposal may be subject to environmental regulations. If a business uses a great many chemicals, or volumes of chemical, or has a file of material safety data sheet (MSDSs), then the company may be susceptible to reporting requirements. In...
Measuring and valuing the health impacts of pollution are very complex and available methods of economic analysis are often rudimentary. In recent years, considerable progress has been made, especially in respect to air pollution. This note summarizes the latest findings and outlines some basic approaches that can be applied in the economic analysis of Bank projects and sector studies. However, a degree of uncertainty still remains, and great care must be taken in their application.
Background
Investments in...
Formal public involvement at the scoping and draft review stages is part of the Environmental Assessment process and is usually required for industrial projects. However, the wider use of participatory approaches in World Bank pollution management projects is still evolving. Public involvement in setting priorities for pollution management is no yet common although there is evidence that an informed public has an influence on reducing pollution. In the development of projects which have a pollution management...
Introduction
Any new technology must overcome perceptions of the marketplace, which are not accurate. As a technology moves into new areas of application, new misconceptions also arise. Crossflow membrane technology is no exception.
The first man-made, pressure-driven `crossflow` membranes were made in flat sheet form. This membrane had to be configured in a device, and was first made in tile obvious `plate-and-frame` design. The spiral-wound design resulted as a response to the high cost, large size, and...
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