Batch incubation and flow-through column experiments were conducted to evaluate the use of
emulsified soybean oil for in situ treatment of acid mine drainage. Addition of soybean oil, soluble substrates,
and a microbial inoculum to the batch incubations resulted in complete depletion of SO4, 50% reduction in Fe,
and an increase in pH to >6. A one time injection of emulsified soybean oil, lactate, yeast extract, and a
microbial inoculum stimulated SO4 and metal ion reduction for =300 days in laboratory columns packed with
mine tailings receiving influent solutions with a pH =3 and =5. In all emulsion treated columns, SO4 and Fe were
reduced, pH increased to >6, and Al, Cu and Zn removal efficiency was 99% or greater. Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn were
removed as metal sulfides and/or carbonates with removal efficiency decreasing with increasing metal sulfide
solubility. The low pH and high heavy metals concentrations did not significantly inhibit biological activity.
However, SO4 removal with associated precipitation of metal sulfides may have been limited by the short
hydraulic retention time (6-7 days) of the columns. There was a significant hydraulic conductivity loss in one of
the four treated columns, indicating that hydraulic conductivity loss may be an issue under certain conditions.
The production of low-pH effluent with sulfate and metals is one of the biggest environmental concerns in the mining industry. The biological process for sulfate reduction has the potential to become a low-cost solution that enables the recovery of interesting compounds. The present study analyzed such a process in a horizontal-flow anaerobic immobilized biomass (HAIB) reactor, employing ethanol as the carbon and energy source. Results showed that a maximal efficiency in the removal of sulfate and ethanol could...
The Kemwater Recycling Process – KREPRO for treatment of sewage sludge is based on a completely new separation technology, which uses existing knowledge in an innovative way. It reduces both the organic and inorganic content of the sludge. The organic content is re-duced by about 30% and the inorganic about 70% if digested sludge is treated. All metals and salts are dissolved; the remaining undissolved inorganics are mainly silicates like sand and grit.
In constast, most sludge treatment technologies used today...
A simulated aquifer system (Aquifer Simulation Vessel – ASV) was used to study the efficacy of various reducing agents to assist microbial dechlorination. The soil samples are homogenized and the soil is packed into 6.0-foot long tubes with an internal diameter of 5.75 inches. Flow rates can be calibrated for flow at 0.1 to 2.0 feet/day. The system has a volume of 2025.44 in3. A solution of TCE and water is held in a reservoir at the beginning of the tube and connected to a nitrogen tank under slight positive...
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A three-tiered remediation approach is being used for successful field treatment of a 1,1-
dichloroethene (1,1-DCE) groundwater plume. The plume is characterized by a chemical
source area subject to anaerobic conditions (8.0 mg/L); an interior plume area of moderate
aerobic (4.0 mg/L DO) and low chemical concentrations
(
Previous studies from 1998 and early 1999 indicated that downgradient of the source
area, elevated DO levels and intrinsic aerobically-degrading...
Advantages of Using an Oil Skimmer:
The use of an oil skimmer in the machine shop setting holds many benefits. Removing the oil from a machine coolant tank will initiate some esthetic benefits such as cutting down on the amount of smoke generated from the cutting tool coming into contact with oil laden coolant.
When a machine is shut down for the weekend, oil has a chance to come to the surface of the coolant tank. Bacteria that are living in the coolant tank use up the dissolved oxygen in the coolant mix,...
Sites where halogenated VOCs may be found include burn pits, chemical manufacturing plants or disposal areas, contaminated marine sediments, disposal wells and leach fields, electroplating/metal finishing shops, firefighting training areas, hangars/aircraft maintenance areas, landfills and burial pits, leaking collection and system sanitary lines, leaking storage tanks, radioactive/mixed waste disposal areas, oxidation ponds/lagoons, paint stripping and spray booth areas, pesticide/herbicide mixing areas, solvent...
The Surface Coatings Resins Business Unit of Akzo Nobel in Louisville, KY, has chosen the Macro Porous Polymer - Extraction technology for treating process wastewater. The MPPE unit with a capacity of 20 gpm removes xylene and ethyl benzene from 200 ppm to less than 20 ppb. The new system assures compliance with local discharge regulations, while improving economy, reliability, and flexibility in the water treatment area.
The Louisville Resins operation manufactures a variety of resins for coatings manufacturers,...
Deutsche Telekom and NTT Stand Out in the First Environmental Check of the Telecommunications Industry
Deutsche Telekom AG and Nippon Telegraph & Telephone (NTT) are both first in an independent Environmental-Rating of 16 telecommunication companies from eleven countries carried out by the Munich-based rating agency ökom. Both companies received the grade C+ and therefore stood out against the industry average of D+. Telekom Italia Mobile and the Dutch Royal KPN were the tail-lights, both receiving a D-. The...
Introduction
Pollution Prevention Guidelines to provide technical advice and guidance to staff and consultants involved in pollution-related projects. The guidelines represent state-of-the-art thinking on how to reduce pollution missions from the production process. In many cases, the guidelines provide numerical targets for reducing pollution, as well as maximum emissions levels that are normally achievable through a combination of cleaner production and end-of-pipe treatment. The guidelines are designed to...
Introduction:
The precipitation to the landfill cover is balanced by the combination of following effects: run-off, cumulating in soil, evapotranspiration, and percolation. For a given amount of precipitation, in order to reduce or eliminate percolation, the effects of run-off and/or evapotranspiration need to be enhanced.
Water Harvesting
Water harvesting uses runoff enhancement to manage landfill site water balance. This enhancement can be achieved by simply covering landfill cover surface with metal rain...
For the purposes of this document, radionuclides should be considered to have properties similar to those of other heavy metals.This does not imply that all radionuclides are heavy metals, but that the majority of sites requiring remediation of radioactively contaminated materials are contaminated with radionuclides that have similar properties. Like metals, the contaminants of concern are typically nonvolatile and less soluble in water than some other contaminants. However, the solubility and volatility of...
Introduction
An EU Directive is forcing waste disposal sites, such as refuse tips and landfills, to upgrade their anti-leaching precautions. This is especially the case in Sweden. Here, in its home market, Trelleborg is able to provide these sites with an environmentally friendly, seam-weldable rubber membrane to meet the stringent new requirements.
An EU Directive came is now in force that strengthened the environmen-tal requirements for refuse disposal sites. Sweden`s refuse tips have for many years been...
On 12th March 1997, the European Commission adopted a proposal from the Environment Commissioner Ritt Bjerregaard on a European Union strategy to combat acidification. The strategy will, by 2010, reduce significantly the extent of the areas in the European Union where the tolerance of sensitive ecosystems to acidity is exceeded. Main elements of the strategy include establishment of national emission ceilings for each acid rain pollutant; ratification of the UN protocol on further reductions of sulphur emissions;...
It may be necessary to know other subsurface information to remediate inorganics in ground water, surface water, and leachate. Treatability studies are usually necessary to ensure that the contaminated ground water can be treated effectively at the design flow. A subsurface geologic characterization would be particularly important to characterize the effects of adsorption and other processes of attenuation. Ground water models are also often needed to predict flow characteristics, changes in contaminant mixes and...
It may be necessary to know other subsurface information to remediate nonhalogenated semivolatile organics in water. Treatability studies may be required to determine the contaminant biodegradability for any biodegradation technologies. Treatability studies are also necessary to ensure that the contaminated ground water can be treated effectively at the design flow. A subsurface geologic characterization would be particularly useful to any isolation or stabilization technologies. Ground water models are also...
Slurry phase biological treatment involves the controlled treatment of excavated soil in a bioreactor. The excavated soil is first processed to physically separate stones and rubble. The soil is then mixed with water to a predetermined concentration dependent upon the concentration of the contaminants, the rate of biodegradation, and the physical nature of the soils. Some processes pre-wash the soil to concentrate the contaminants. Clean sand may then be discharged, leaving only contaminated fines and washwater...
Horizontal well technology has been incorporated into many current environmental remediation applications (and associated contaminants), such as in situ bioremediation, air sparging, vacuum extraction, soil flushing, free product recovery, etc. Ac cording to information reviewed, this technology is most applicable to sites with relatively shallow soil and/or groundwater contamination, and can potentially enhance remediation efforts at sites low hydraulic conductivities.
Types of horizontal wells include both...
