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Ag speciation in a chloride medium was dependent upon the Cl/Ag ratio after releasing into surface water. In this study, the photoreaction of
Hydrogen is a colorless, odorless, non-toxic, flammable and explosive gas, and fluorine, chlorine, oxygen, carbon monoxide and air mixture were in danger of explosion; The mixture of hydrogen and fluorine spontaneous explosion in low temperature and dark environment; When hydrogenmixed with chlorine ratio was 1:1, under light can also be the explosion.Hydrogen is colorless and tasteless, burning flame is transparent, so its presence is not easy to be found in many cases.Usually we add ethyl mercaptanto the...
Sampling campaigns at several points in a sector of a distribution network were conducted during several months to study the spatial and temporal variation of the free chlorine concentration (FCC) and disinfection by-product concentrations (DBPC) at the scale of a residential neighborhood. The water residence times (RT) at these sampling points and for the same period were also simulated using EPANET. Within the neighborhood, the results reveal significant differences in measured FCCs and DBPCs and low intra-day...
This study investigates the interaction of persulfate with soil components and chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs), using thermally activated persulfate oxidation in three soil types: high sand content; high clay content; and paddy field soil. The effect of soil composition on the available oxidant demand and CVOC removal rate was evaluated. Results suggest that the treatment efficiency of CVOCs in soil can be ranked as follows: cis-1,2-dichloroethene > trichloroethylene > 1,2-dichloroethane >...
After the January 2010 earthquake in Haiti, an existing development program promoting household water treatment with chlorine rapidly expanded and provided relief to 15,000 earthquake-affected households. Initially, 157 community health workers (CHWs) distributed chlorine tablets; ten months later, CHWs began selling locally manufactured solution. The program was externally evaluated in March and November 2010; 77–90% of recipients had free chlorine residual (FCR) in household water. Internal monitoring by three...
Problem: Algae and ultraviolet (UV) rays were adversely affecting chlorination in an upstate New York reservoir and Southern Florida WWTF. Algae was shielding embedded bacteria from chlorine, making the bacteriacide ineffective, thus requiring the chlorine dosage to be increased.Algae increased the chlorine demand along with exposure to UV which dissipates un-stabilized chlorine. Both algae and UV make disinfection more expensive. Calibrating the proper chlorine dosage was challenging due to those variables...
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