The release of antimicrobial substances into surface waters is of growing concern due to direct toxic effects on all trophic levels and the promotion of antibiotic resistance through sub-inhibitory concentration levels. This study showcases (1) the variation of antibiotics in sanitary sewage depending on different timescales and (2) a method to assess the antibiotic resistance based on an inhibition test. The test is based on the measurement of the oxygen uptake rate (OUR) in wastewater samples with increasing concentrations of the selected antibiotic agents. The following antibiotics were analysed in the present study: clarithromycin (CLA) was selected due to its high toxicity to many microorganisms (low EC50), ciprofloxacin (CIP) which is used to generally fight all bacteria concerning interstitial infections and doxycyclin (DOX) having a broad spectrum efficacy. Results show that CLA inhibited the OUR by approximately 50% at a concentration of about 10 mg L−1, because Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli are resistant, whereas CIP inhibited about 90% of the OUR at a concentration equal to or greater than 10 mg L−1. In the case of DOX, a moderate inhibition of about 38% at a concentration of 10 mg L−1 was identified, indicating a significant antibiotic resistance. The results are consistent with the corresponding findings from the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Thus, the presented inhibition test provides a simple but robust alternative method to assess antibiotic resistance in biofilms instead of more complex clinical tests.
Have you ever passes a wastewater treatment plant and wondered exactly how the process works? Most localities have a minimum of one sewage sludge carbonization plant. These plants are the places where municipal sewage sludge is treated. This process is split into three stages. Each stage was created to further decompose and disintegrate wastewater sludge. Microorganisms are utilized to help treat the sludge.
Once digested, this type of water is removed in the sludge and is particularly dried. The dried sludge...
The modular reed bed is an award winning, innovative solution for small footprint tertiary treatment. This case study follows the implementation of this technology on a small and remote sewage works which was overloaded during high rainfall. This project saved 91% in costs for the effected utility (which had a budget of £300k for the project) and provided a reduced health and safety risk for a remote site. The sewage works had high solids levels and was very close to failure in high rain, even with PAX XL...
The Problem:
Sewage treatment is the process of removing contaminants from wastewater, primarily from household sewage. It includes physical, chemical, and biological processes to remove these contaminants and produce environmentally safe treated wastewater (or treated effluent). A by-product of sewage treatment is usually a semi-solid waste or slurry, called sewage sludge, that has to undergo further treatment before being suitable for disposal or land application.
Since the liquid sewage sludge disposal to...
A number of years ago the Lafourche Parish Sheriff’s Department, State of Louisiana, instituted a new program to assist prisoners nearing release to transition back into society. This vehicle requires that inmates pay for their room and board while they learn work skills in industries, such as, shipbuilding, oil field services, food preparation, kitchen management and municipal water/wastewater treatment operations. Inmates are housed in a facility separate from other correctional institutions and they are...
Background:The importance of bacteria in the treatment of raw sewage and water purification is well known. Here, we report on Sewper Rx, a unique mix of bacteria with powerful properties for treating sewage and other water cleaning applications, and we describe properties of the bacterial components of the treatment mixture which likely account for its enhanced organic solids digestion and odor reduction.
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