Successful achievement of the MDGs related to water and sanitation will require the right number of staff, in the right place, at the right time and equipped with the relevant skills to be able to design, implement and manage projects. In order to assess the capacity in the sector the UK’s Department for International Development (DFID) commissioned a research study focusing on case studies in Bangladesh, East Timor, Mali, South Africa and Zambia. The aim was to develop and pilot a methodology in these five countries in order to derive quantitative and qualitative data about human resource requirements in the sector.
Poor sanitation in rural infrastructure is often associated with high levels of fecal contamination in adjacent surface waters, which presents a community health risk. Although microbial source tracking techniques have been widely applied to identify primary remediation needs in urban and/or recreational waters, use of human-specific markers has been more limited in rural watersheds. This study quantified the human source tracking marker Bacteroides-HF183, along with more general fecal indicators (i.e. culturable...
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected people have substantially greater need for water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH). Many opportunistic infections cause high morbidity and mortality in people living with HIV (PLHIV) than in immune competent populations. The objective of the study was to assess WASH practices and associated factors among PLHIV. A cross-sectional study design was conducted. Bivariate and multivariate logistic model was employed. According to this study, 97 (23.5%) of the households have...
This paper addresses two approaches to guiding the inclusion of the poor and vulnerable in clean water and sanitation programmes in the framework of Sustainable Development Goals. It proposes an operational and adapted participatory approach for identifying the poorest and most vulnerable, which has become a central interest for inclusive development policies worldwide post Millennium Development Goals. Then, it proposes an inclusive water poverty index for the inclusion of the poor and vulnerable. This index,...
The significant challenge of achieving safe, reliable and continuous service delivery has been a focus of the water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) sector in recent years, with less attention given to other important sustainability considerations such as environmental sustainability. The agenda set by the Sustainable Development Goals prompts a wider lens, bringing water resource management and ecosystem conservation together with water and sanitation access targets in one integrated goal. As we grapple with our...
Due to the complexity of some managerial problems, especially those related to sanitation, academic studies have shown the need to use appropriate methods to assist in this type of decision. Within this context, this research aimed to provide a review of the literature from the field of decision sciences to the field of water resource management. It was identified in this study that the use of multi-criteria methods, including Analytical Hierarchy Process, Measuring Attractiveness by a Categorical based Evaluation...
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