Bayesian networks and their associated methods are especially suited for capturing and dealing with uncertainty. They can be successfully applied both in engineering sciences and in reliability analyses of water distribution systems. In this paper we propose an interactive Bayesian network and a decision-theoretic system which intend to monitor water loss, predict likely outcome and select appropriate decisions.
Improving water management in California requires a transition from imported to local water resources used efficiently. To assess this transitional capacity of water retailers in metropolitan Los Angeles County, we focused on a key water management metric: the water distribution efficiency. We traced the evolution of water loss reduction policy and practices globally with emphasis on California. California Senate Bills 1420 and 555 mandate annual water auditing and reporting for urban water suppliers. We surveyed...
Water scarcity is a harsh reality for many regions. As a result, reducing losses from water supply systems (WSSs) is of great environmental importance around the world. In France, water suppliers are legally bound to reduce losses from their WSSs through loss reduction action plans (LRAPs). For these plans to work, they need to suit the area to which they are applied. Their impacts on water bodies (WBs) and the environment also need to be taken into account. This paper explains an innovative approach to fulfil...
This paper presents a novel analysis of the accuracy of quadratic approximations for the Hazen–Williams (HW) head loss formula, which enables the control of constraint violations in optimisation problems for water supply networks. The two smooth polynomial approximations considered here minimise the absolute and relative errors, respectively, from the original non-smooth HW head loss function over a range of flows. Since quadratic approximations are used to formulate head loss constraints for different optimisation...
Water utilities (WU) have to deal with different challenges including ageing infrastructures, demand variability, climate change and increased societal expectations. This paper aims at outlining potential synergies between communication promotion and the implementation of a structured approach to enhance water loss and energy management in WU. The use of a structured approach in the decision-making process leverages knowledge production from various stakeholders, enabling them to propose solutions for the challenge...
Problem: Operators know aerobic and anaerobic systems need sufficient water temperature to keep microbial populations active and working. Heat loss is detrimental to effluent quality and gas production. Both systems can be negatively affected from low daily and seasonal temperatures. Unfortunately, most operators and engineers have no control over water temperature loss in their tanks and basins.A northern Wisconsin cheese plant was dependent upon their anaerobic digester to reduce COD to a level they could...
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