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Chlorination
Courtesy of IWA Publishing
Chlorination is the process of adding compounds containing the element chlorine, generally in oxidation state (0) or (I), to water as a method of water purification to make it fit for human consumption as drinking water. Water which has been treated with chlorine is effective in preventing the spread of water born disease. This process can be undertaken using gaseous chlorine, sodium hypochlorite (liquid bleach) or calcium hypochlorite (often called bleaching powder).
The chlorination of public drinking supplies was originally met with resistance, as people were concerned about the health effects of the practice. The use of chlorine has greatly reduced the prevalence of waterborne disease as it is effective against almost all bacteria and viruses, as well as amoeba.
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