The Bremen Overseas Research and Development Agency (BORDA) has a mission to improve the living conditions of disadvantaged communities and to preserve the environment through decentralized sanitation projects. As part of this mission, the Agency has developed modular, decentralized, and cost-effective wastewater treatment service packages that they have termed ‘DEWATS’ – decentralized wastewater treatment systems, which, with the help of funding agencies, are being installed throughout Asia and Africa. The Lao People’s Democratic Republic is a country surrounded by China, Vietnam, Thailand, Cambodia and Myanmar. In 2005, Lao PDR was below average in establishing sanitation access as compared to other Southeast Asian countries. In a study conducted by a Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey in 2006 (MICS III), it reflected a 44.8% coverage for those with improved sanitation (or 48% cited by the UNICEF/WHO Joint Monitoring Program) as compared to the 67% average for all the Southeast Asian countries. In the same study, there are at least fifty-two percent (52%) of the Lao population without access to sanitation. This data equates to over three million Laotians living without improved sanitation - without an easily accessible, private and safe place to urinate and defecate. Furthermore, the growing population of Lao PDR needs to be taken into consideration while looking at the efforts to increase sanitation coverage.
The Bremen Overseas Research and Development Association (BORDA) has a mission to improve the living conditions of disadvantaged communities and to preserve the environment through decentralized sanitation projects. As part of this mission, the Association has developed modular, decentralized, and cost-effective wastewater treatment service packages that they have termed ‘DEWATS’ – decentralized wastewater treatment systems, which, with the help of funding agencies, are being installed...
A cocopeat biofilter system is a low-cost and low-maintenance on-site wastewater treatment solution that is modular in design and applicable for residential, institutional and commercial establishments. The system can be designed to passively treat septic tank effluent to meet secondary treatment levels. For residential use, the biofilter unit consists of a relatively small watertight plastic box and a specially selected andblended coco-based medium. The design allows it to treat up to...
Learning Objectives
After reading this article, you should understand:
Functions and processes of a decentralized PWWT system;
Design considerations of a PWWT system.
Overview
"Clean water will be the oil of the 21st Century." The accuracy and magnitude of this statement is resonating worldwide. There is no more important endeavor by governments and citizens than the protection and conservation of all water resources.
A critical component to the protection of these water resources is the treatment...
Implementation of conventional filters at the plant, which serves the Preston area with 6.6 million gallons of water per day, was judged impractical as they would have required regular maintenance to clear leaves and debris,whilst conventional screening technology would have been prohibitively expensive and difficult to install at this particular site. Consulting engineers were initially called in to evaluate how best to comply with legislation and meet the specific on-site requirements and decided that the...
Customer: Georgia Dredging And Dewatering/Eco-Vac
Type of Facility: Environmental Services & turnkey Dredging & Dewatering services
Georgia Dredging and Dewatering developed out of the need to contact services other than those previously provided by vacuuming and jetting alone. David Grapengeter, President of ECO-VAC, Inc., and Jay Matthews teamed up to build a strong full-service dredging and dewatering company capable of meeting the needs of Industrial, Municipal and Agricultural applications.
Georgia...
ABSTRACTThe allowable nutrient discharge loading for a publicly owned industrial treatment works (POITW) with high industrial loading treating approximately 27 million gallons per day (mgd) is being capped based on the Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries nutrient control regulations adopted by the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality. Based on an analysis of historical data, the facility has experienced an increase in effluent total nitrogen between 2000 and 2004 such that it cannot meet its proposed waste...
ABSTRACTA full scale nutrient removal study was conducted at the 30-MGD John E. Egan Water Reclamation Plant with a single-stage nitrification activated sludge process and sand filtration. One quarter of the plant’s secondary treatment capacity was used in the study. Simultaneous nitrogen removal through a step feed BNR process and phosphorus (P) removal by chemical precipitation with ferric chloride (FeCl3) were tested to investigate the potential impact of adding FeCl3 to mixed liquor for P removal on the step...
ABSTRACTComputer simulation of activated sludge processes is a critical tool for design, operation, and troubleshooting, but simulating enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) systems has proven to be particularly challenging. This may be due in part to uncertainties in biokinetic models, but new research suggests it may also be due to deficiencies in conventional “lumped state” approaches to simulation, which model bulk concentrations of the polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) responsible for EBPR,...
Odor control is a critical component of the Orange County Sanitation District’s (the Sanitation District) planning and operations. The Sanitation District’s two wastewater treatment plants (Fountain Valley, CA and Huntington Beach, CA) were isolated when originally constructed in the middle of the 20th century, but are now surrounded by high-density residential areas as well as highly used recreational areas, such as Huntington Beach and the Santa Ana River Trail. The Sanitation District has made odor control a...
In 1983, the NutraSweet Company (NSC) commissioned a hybrid anaerobic treatment system for treating the high-strength wastewater at the site. The anaerobic treatment system has operated continuously from start-up in 1984. The anaerobic treatment facility consists of two upflow reactors with an open or suspended-growth zone in the lower section of the reactor and structural media in the upper part of the reactor. In 2002, a study showed that the hydraulic retention time in both anaerobic reactors had declined...
Jack Noble, Managing Director of ZENON UK, describes their Z-MOD™ and Z-BOX™ modular membrane products, focussing on their application to the provision of potable water supplies and wastewater treatment systems for smaller communities in the more remote parts of the UK.
In this article the main features and benefits of Z-MOD™ and Z-BOX™ packaged plant systems are described. These are complete pre-engineered ultrafiltration (UF) systems designed for potable water treatment (Z-BOX™) and wastewater (Z-MOD™) in a...
Untitled Document
A three-tiered remediation approach is being used for successful field treatment of a 1,1-
dichloroethene (1,1-DCE) groundwater plume. The plume is characterized by a chemical
source area subject to anaerobic conditions (8.0 mg/L); an interior plume area of moderate
aerobic (4.0 mg/L DO) and low chemical concentrations
(
Previous studies from 1998 and early 1999 indicated that downgradient of the source
area, elevated DO levels and intrinsic aerobically-degrading...
As researchers analyze the soils’ ability to absorb discharge, more knowledge is gained about alternatives to septic tanks and standard drain fields that include peat filter systems, constructed wetlands and drip irrigation.
ONE out of every four American households currently treat and release wastewater on their own property. Although most people assume that on-site systems are confined to rural areas, in fact half are in suburbs and a few even remain within the confines of large cities.
Public works engineers...
THE TERM, “decentralized waste-water management,” refers to the process of treating and discharging treated wastewater in the local vicinity where it is generated. Decentralized systems typically use the soil as the final receptor of the treated wastewater instead of discharging to surface waters, which are generally the receptors of treated wastewater from larger centralized treatment plants. Wastewater is further treated in the soil; some is utilized by plants and, in many environments, much of it will recharge...
Abstract
Alternative, renewable forms of energy are gaining increased importance in the trend to complement or even substitute conventional energies. Biogas production and utilisation is a feasible, environmentally sain and energetically interesting projection with an immense resourse potential in nature available for energy production.
KOMPOGAS, as green waste-to-energy system, offers the advanced solution for a highly rationalised system for organic waste treatment with an outstanding compost quality,...
The treatment of industrial effluent from the paper manufacturing facilities in British Columbia is a major concern because the effluent is discharged into prime salmon habitat in the marine environment (Cross, 1994). High levels of biological oxygen demand (BOD) in the effluent reduce the dissolved oxygen (DO) available to species in the marine environment. In 1988, the Federal Department of Fisheries and Oceans reviewed the levels of DO and total suspended solids (TSS) that are discharged in the effluent...
Abstract
Africa
The economic and social needs of Africa depends more on its environmental resources but these natural resources are seriously declining and that is really effecting the entire region. Sustainable development in this rapidly changing region has become an imperative, and must take place in the complex context of a diverse and changing ecosystem, political transition and evolution toward market economies.
The region is heading towards integrating environmental components into sectors like...
` Appropriate wastewater management, within an overall water resources management program, is essential to responsible use of the environment and to affordable provision of services. Such management programs are best developed at a river basin or sub-catchment level. An approach is outlined for developing a wastewater strategy and an implementation plan for a river basin.`
Integrated Management
The Bank promotes a systematic approach to water resources management, incorporating water resources planning and...
Abstract
This paper describes two successful applications of ultrafiltration (UF) and reverse osmosis (RO) membrane technology used to reclaim water, reduce waste water discharge costs. The first case history covers oily waste water treatment at a major aluminum beverage can manufacturing plant. The second case describes treatment of waste water from a multi-plating bath section of a major wheelchair manufacturing facility. The mechanisms of separation effected by both UF and RO are described at the molecular...
Practical guidelines for building owners
Overview
Friable asbestos-containing materials are present in many public and commercial buildings, schools and factories built before the mid-70`s. Regulations in Ontario and some other provinces require building owners and property managers to put in place asbestos control programs, once they are aware of the presence of friable asbestos-containing materials in their buildings.
In developing an asbestos control program, one or more of the following tasks should be...
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