In recent years, the request of environmental safety management for carcinogenic substances, mutagenic substances and/or reproductive toxicity substances (CMR) has increased. This study focused on clarifying the genotoxicity level of environmental water and its release source by using the umu test provided in ISO13829. Although a genotoxicity index “induction ratio (IR)” is used in ISO13829, we normalised it to make it possible to compare various environmental water quantitatively to each other as a new index...
The European Commission has in recent years produced several Directives that aim to regulate air pollution by setting limits for the allowable concentration of pollutants in ambient air. Directives have already been agreed that cover pollutants such as sulphur dioxide, lead and carbon monoxide. For some other pollutants, such as the heavy metals arsenic, cadmium and nickel, the Commission intends to bring forward legislation in the near future. These heavy metals are pollutants that may be linked to a higher risk...
In all, the 1990s have been good for the biosolids recycling community. Greater quantities of biosolids are being beneficially used than ever before, there are national biosolids regulations that are widely accepted as a good baseline, and there is an extensive, accessible network of researchers, practitioners, advisers and public officials who when combined, provide thousands of years worth of valuable knowledge and experience.
We end this decade, however, with perhaps a greater challenge than we started with —...
Issue: In Europe some uses of biotechnology are meeting vocal opposition from certain quarters. Nevertheless, the vast amount of knowledge acquired recently in biology can be used to develop and apply biotechnology for an environmentally safe agriculture. Public acceptance and a new policy impetus can serve to promote the introduction of safe and competitive agricultural technologies that have a minimum environmental impact. Relevance: Increasing long-term health and environmental concerns regarding the use of...
Introduction
There is considerable public, scientific and regulatory concern over the possible adverse health effects of chronic exposure to trace levels of persistent organic pollutants. The class of compounds made up of the polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF), often collectively known as dioxins, has received widespread attention and attracted a great deal of research, following the accidental release of the most toxic of these (2,3,7,8 TCDD) at Seveso in 1976.
Diox...
Decontamination companies and researchers in France are working to restore polluted soil using treatments that range from biological methods to soil washing and incineration. The problem of polluted soil was dramatically illustrated prior to construction of the Stade de France soccer stadium built for the 1998 World Cup. The location of the site, on industrial wasteland just north of Paris, caused immense difficulties for the developers. Tens of thousands of cubic meters of earth contaminated by a gasworks had to...
Introduction
Pollution Prevention Guidelines to provide technical advice and guidance to staff and consultants involved in pollution-related projects. The guidelines represent state-of-the-art thinking on how to reduce pollution emissions from the production process. In many cases, the guidelines provide numerical targets for reducing pollution, as well as maximum emissions levels that are normally achievable through a combination of cleaner production and end-of-pipe treatment. The guidelines are designed to...
Introduction
Pollution Prevention Guidelines to provide technical advice and guidance to staff and consultants involved in pollution-related projects. The guidelines represent state-of-the-art thinking on how to reduce pollution emissions from the production process. In many cases, the guidelines provide numerical targets for reducing pollution, as well as maximum emissions levels that are normally achievable through a combination of cleaner production and end-of-pipe treatment. The guidelines are designed to...
Untitled Document
Abstract
The purpose of this manual is to enhance an inspector`s ability to conduct more complete and effective inspections at facilities in the chemical industry that are subject to Federal equipment leak regulations. Equipment leak standards are designed to reduce or eliminate emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), volatile hazardous air pollutants (VHAPs), and organic HAPs from the miles of piping and numerous components found in chemical manufacturing processes.
This...
Many companies are subject to environmental regulations without realizing it. In general, any business, big or small, commercial or industrial, which emits vapors or dust into the air, discharges process waste water into a sewer or on the ground, or generates a solid waste for disposal may be subject to environmental regulations. If a business uses a great many chemicals, or volumes of chemical, or has a file of material safety data sheet (MSDSs), then the company may be susceptible to reporting requirements. In...
Introduction:
The process involves raising the temperature of the contaminated equipment or material to 260 °C (500 °F) for a specified period of time. The gas effluent from the material is treated in an afterburner system to destroy all volatilized contaminants. The method eliminates a waste that currently is stockpiled and requires disposal as a hazardous material. This method will permit reuse or disposal of scrap as nonhazardous material.
Hot gas decontamination can also be used for decontamination of...
Often, specific technologies may be ruled out, or the list of potential technologies may be immediately narrowed, on the basis of the presence or absence of one or more of the chemical groups. The relative amounts of each may tend to favor certain technologies. Metals may be found in the elemental form, but more often they are found as salts mixed in the soil. At the present time, treatment options for radioactive materials are limited to volume reduction/concentration and immobilization. Asbestos fibers require...
Case Study
Name of company: Neumarkter LammsbräuSector: BreweryNumber of employees: 80Country: Germany
AbstractNeumarkter Lammsbräu is an 80-employee brewery located in Bavaria, a German region which has a strong tradition for beer. At the beginning of the 1970s, agriculture in the region became increasingly intensive. The quality of beer was being sacrificed for quick and high returns on sales. Neumarkter Lammsbräu wanted to safeguard the quality of its products and develop a strategy for success. The company...
On 12th March 1997, the European Commission adopted a proposal from the Environment Commissioner Ritt Bjerregaard on a European Union strategy to combat acidification. The strategy will, by 2010, reduce significantly the extent of the areas in the European Union where the tolerance of sensitive ecosystems to acidity is exceeded. Main elements of the strategy include establishment of national emission ceilings for each acid rain pollutant; ratification of the UN protocol on further reductions of sulphur emissions;...
On 12th March 1997, the European Commission adopted a proposal from the Environment Commissioner Ritt Bjerregaard on a European Union strategy to combat acidification. The strategy will, by 2010, reduce significantly the extent of the areas in the European Union where the tolerance of sensitive ecosystems to acidity is exceeded. Main elements of the strategy include establishment of national emission ceilings for each acid rain pollutant; ratification of the UN protocol on further reductions of sulphur emissions;...
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