A double membrane system combining a membrane bioreactor (MBR) with a nanofiltration (NF) membrane at the pilot scale was tested to treat real antibiotic wastewater at a pharmaceutical company in Wuxi (China). The water yield of the pilot system reached over 92 ± 5.6% through recycling the NF concentrate to the MBR tank. Results showed that the pilot scale system operated in good conditions throughout the entire experiment period and obtained excellent water quality in which the concentrations of chemical oxygen demand and total organic carbon were stable at 35 and 5.7 mg/L, respectively. The antibiotic removal rates of both spiramycin (SPM) and new spiramycin in wastewater were over 95%. Organics analysis results showed that the main organics in the biological effluent were proteins, soluble microbial by-product-like, fulvic acid-like and humic-like substances. These organics could be perfectly rejected by the NF membrane. Most of the organics could be removed through recycling NF concentrate to the MBR tank and only a small part was discharged with NF concentrate and permeate.
Today, the insect supply industry reached a significant milestone with Netherlands-based Protix, the leading insect company, closing 45M€ in funding – delivered by Aqua-Spark, the first investment company focused on sustainable aquaculture, Rabobank, BOM and various private investors.
Protix breeds insects for animal feed, as insects offer a low-impact protein alternative that can be cultivated on a variety of food scraps. This is of the utmost importance as global populations continue to grow and the...
BackgroundEVAPCO, Inc. recently introduced new Evaporative Condensers and Closed Circuit Coolers which utilize extended surface coils. For decades extended “fin” surfaces have been used on heat transfer coils, often referred to as “finned coils” primarily in an effort to increase dry capacity. However, in the past the fin material was limited to carbon steel tubes with a “round profile” prior to hot dip galvanizing. In most cases, the fin material was applied to a few rows of...
Tipperary Co-operative, use Sialex®Ring to help control "Scaling" on Plate Heat and Shell and Tube heat exchangers on their " hot water circuits". A further area suitable to benefit from Sialex® is in the Cream separators. These devices are prone to "Scale" build up on flushing jets. Cleaning requires did-assembly and cleaning. This can occur several times during a year.
Platetek Engineering proposed installing Sialex®Ring onto the water "feed lines" to the cream separators (Alfa Laval, westphalia)....
Industry, hotels, commercial buildings even private homes in "Hard" water areas are at a disadvantage due to "Scale" formation on devices, particularly those attached to "Hot" water circuits.
A PHE (Plate Heat Exchanger) with a known "Scaling" problem is selected for testing. The attached case study demonstrates how with an "Open" mind, even those sceptical of our products capabilities, do not dispute the achieved results.
Sampling campaigns at several points in a sector of a distribution network were conducted during several months to study the spatial and temporal variation of the free chlorine concentration (FCC) and disinfection by-product concentrations (DBPC) at the scale of a residential neighborhood. The water residence times (RT) at these sampling points and for the same period were also simulated using EPANET. Within the neighborhood, the results reveal significant differences in measured FCCs and DBPCs and low intra-day...
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