agriculture biotechnology Articles
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An empirical investigation of the role of knowledge in public opinion about GM food
The research presented here examines the hypothesis that the most effective way to increase public approval of GM foods is to provide education about them. To do this, a national telephone survey was conducted in the USA, which included multiple measures of knowledge about GM foods. The results indicate that all of the knowledge measures were positively related to approval, such that more ...
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Learning about biosafety in Mexico: between competitiveness and conservation
This article briefly describes the current state of agricultural biotechnology in Mexico, and discusses the country's main food and agricultural policies implemented in the last decade. Mexico's position in the international biosafety panorama is very complex: it is the only member of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) that ratified the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety and must ...
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Sentiments and acts towards genetically modified foods
Hundreds of studies have elicited consumer stated preferences towards genetically modified foods at various countries around the world. Customarily, consumer stated preferences have been viewed as adequate proxies of potential response towards such products. As we have argued here, however, there are theoretical and methodological reasons as to why stated and revealed consumer preference could ...
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Biotechnology in the global economy
Agricultural biotechnology is the subject of extensive public debates in many countries. This article summarises the results of the International Conference on Biotechnology in the Global Economy held in September 1999 at Harvard University. The article shows that many of the debates are a result of a governance challenge involving the need to bring social institutions in line with advances in ...
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Acceptance of modern biotechnology in developing countries: a case study of the Philippines
Recently, public acceptance of transgenic food has become a political issue, not only in industrialised, but also in developing countries with democratic systems such as India and the Philippines. This article presents a methodology that can be applied to assess public acceptance of agricultural biotechnology in developing countries. In the case of the Philippines, a survey of 65 respondents ...
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Biosafety and international trade: conflict or convergence?
One of the most important technological developments in the 1990s has been the emergence of biotechnology. Both the draft Protocol on Biosafety under the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and the Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) Measures of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) could cover trade in biotechnology products. However, each agreement treats the nascent ...
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Implementation and enforcement of biosafety regulations in China: the case of agricultural Genetically Modified Organisms (agro-GMOs)
China is one of the leading developing countries in biotechnology research and development. As a mega-biodiverse country, governance on Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) is of significance to national sustainable development. This paper reviews the biosafety regulations on agricultural GMOs (agro-GMOs) governance in China and analyses the implementation and enforcement of biosafety ...
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Scientific transparency for sustainable biotechnology
The increasing use of new biotechnologies for industrial production represents a potential contribution to sustainable development. To realise this potential a learning process of stakeholder involvement is needed, supported by a practical tool to make biotechnology debates less confused by stakeholder controversy and more scientifically transparent. We suggest a mechanism of ...
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Costs and enforcement of biosafety regulations in India and China
This paper examines the cost of compliance and the enforcement of biosafety regulations in China. Costs were higher in India, and enforcement of regulations was more effective in China. Lower costs in China may be because national companies, government research institutes and foreign firms were all pressing for less costly regulation, while in India there was less pressure by these groups to ...
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Innovation dissemination and the market impacts of drought-tolerant, genetically modified rice
Drought-Tolerant (DT) rice technology is a potential tool to improve productivity in regions with insufficient or variable water supply. The impacts of DT rice adoption are analysed using the Arkansas Global Rice Model to demonstrate that DT rice would benefit the early investors in developing and adopting DT varieties. Developing countries could take advantage of the technology if widespread ...
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Science on the tap, not on the top
Science plays an increasingly important role in trade policy and negotiations. A large number of trade agreements rely on scientific expertise for their work. Science is negotiated in setting environmental and health standards: trade disputes had highlighted the role of science as the legal test in the WTO. Historically, it was the negotiations on agriculture that triggered interest in science as ...
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Challenges of agro-biotechnologies, intellectual property rights and globalisation: role of academic institutions in achieving the millennium development goals
The present paper is an attempt to analyse the role of academic institutions in meeting the challenges posed by agro-biotechnologies, IPRs, globalisation and its implications for achieving the millennium development goals. The problems of implementing the MDGs are certainly intertwined and the entire nexus requires attention. However, serious doubts are being raised by many that these daunting ...
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Biotechnology and international relations: forging new strategic partnerships
This paper argues that the USA should use its large stocks of scientific and technological knowledge (as well as allied resources) related to biotechnology to help solve food security challenges in developing countries, especially in Africa. Achieving this goal, however, will require the USA and its partners in Africa to focus on the role of science and technology as an instrument of good ...
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Biotechnology and biodiversity debates and policies in Africa
After a decade of global diffusion, and the realisation of some economic benefits, the environmental impact of Genetically Modified (GM) crop technologies remains inconclusive and a source of considerable threat to biodiversity-rich Africa. Drawing on evidence from Ethiopia and South Africa, this paper characterises debates, considers policy and discusses the rationale for proactive GM technology ...
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Factors affecting biotechnology innovation in Canada: analysis of the 2001 biotechnology use and development survey
Advancement in biotechnology requires continued innovative activity by firms. To grow, biotechnology firms must understand the factors affecting their innovative activity. Such understanding also informs policy makers, and supports the development of policies promoting one's biotechnology sector. This study explores factors, which determine innovative activity within the Canadian biotechnology ...
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The evolving rights to intellectual property protection in the agricultural biosciences
Pressures from the USA and Europe have resulted in the proliferation of stronger intellectual property protection worldwide, as a condition for continued access to world markets. The failure of crops other than soybeans, cotton, maize and canola in developed countries to benefit from the major innovations in genetic modification raises questions regarding the implications of increased ...
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Differences in global risk perceptions of biotechnology and the political economy of the media
The application of biotechnology to agriculture is highly controversial between consumers and lawmakers across the globe, especially in the case of Genetically Modified Foods (GMFs). Consumer attitudes toward GMFs are largely negative in the developed nations. However, studies conducted in Lesser Developed Countries (LDCs) find that consumer attitudes toward GMFs are positive in some cases. Using ...
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Biodiversity in industrial research and development: implications for developing countries
It is ironic that at a time when biodiversity is seriously threatened by habitat destruction and other human activities, biochemical and genetic ("biogenetic") resources discovered in nature make a huge contribution to the global economy. Yet only a minimal share of the benefits accrue to the countries providing these resources. Why is this? This paper seeks reasons in the ways that ...
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Cost effective ultrasonic level measurement of Sulfuric acid case study
Cost effective level measurement solution provided by MicroScan in one of Luxembourg Industries' Sulfuric acid tank. Luxembourg Industries, located in Israel, manufacture diverse list of products to customers in the agricultural, biotechnology, chemical, pharmaceutical and other industries. Among their products are branded crop protection products, diverse crop protection chemicals, industrial ...
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IBioIC Announces Recipients Of £3 Million In Funding For Synthetic Biology Projects
On October 17, 2016, the Industrial Biotechnology Innovation Centre (IBioIC) announced over £3 million in investments over six synthetic biology projects. IBioIC was founded by Ingenza Ltd, GlaxoSmithKline plc (GSK), and INEOS to connect academic expertise in synthetic biology with industrial capabilities from businesses in the area. IBioIC focuses on biotechnology in health, industrial, ...
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