air pollution modeling Articles
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Air pollution modelling, sensitivity analysis and parallel implementation
A new approach for Sensitivity Analysis (SA) in the field of air pollution modelling is proposed and applied to the Unified Danish Eulerian Model (UNI-DEM), a large-scale air pollution model. The SA requires numerous model experiments with different values of the studied parameters. By simultaneous variation of these parameters we produce a set of multidimensional discrete functions. These huge ...
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Different splitting techniques with application to air pollution models
Splitting techniques are commonly used when large-scale models, which appear in different fields of science and engineering, are treated numerically. Four types of splitting procedures are defined and discussed. The problem of the choice of a splitting procedure is investigated. Several numerical tests, by which the influence of the splitting errors on the accuracy of the results is studied, are ...
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State of the art of air pollution models, needs and trends
This paper summarises the results of the investigations within task MA3-2 carried out by the European Topic Centre on Air Quality. The main aim of this task is to describe the state of the art of air pollution models, with special emphasis on needs for model application and trends in model development. From the results it can be inferred to what extent the needs are met by available models and ...
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Performance results of a large-scale air pollution model on two parallel computers
The size of the computational task obtained after the appropriate splitting and discretisation procedures of the system of partial differential equations in large air pollution models is enormous. Even when computers with several GFLOPS top performance are in use, it is difficult to solve this problem efficiently and, furthermore, to prepare codes that can be used for operating purposes. Some ...
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Evaluation of a non-Gaussian puff model
This paper presents the evaluation of a model based on a general technique for solving the K-equation using the truncated Gram-Charlier expansion (type A) of the concentration field and a finite set of the equations for the corresponding moments. The model can be applied routinely using simple ground-level meteorological data acquired by an automatic network as input. A performance evaluation is ...
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Using a calculation model to prevent serious air pollution from traffic
The municipality of Utrecht has ten years of experience with exceeding the pollution limit values for NO2 and benzene, and offering advice for traffic plans on the effects of air pollution. Utrecht promotes prevention and integration of environmental issues in traffic plans and town planning. Utrecht has widened the use of the Dutch air pollution model for traffic (CAR) to prevent new exceeding ...
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Coupling of neural network and dispersion models: a novel methodology for air pollution models
Supervised neural net models and dispersion models are two important approaches for evaluating air pollution concentrations. The authors propose the development of an integrated model, in order to optimise the performances of each methodology. The concentrations evaluated by an air pollution model are coupled with a Neural Net (NN), so as to adjust the influence of important variables on ...
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Comparison between analytical models to simulate pollutant dispersion in the atmosphere
We present a numerical and statistical comparison between ADMM and GILTT approaches to simulate pollutant dispersion in the Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL). The numerical and statistical comparison of the ADMM and GILTT results confirms the equivalence of these methods. However, the ADMM approach is more efficient under computational point of view regarding the issue of computational time and, ...
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An air quality modelling system for a medium-sized town: a case study in Estonia
The air pollution modelling system used in Tartu (population 101,000) is aimed at examining the pollution levels in different meteorological conditions, and determining optimal traffic schemes and strategic development plans for the city. The system consists of: (i) a Gaussian plume model AEROPOL, and (ii) a database on sources of NOx2Keywords: AEROPOL model, air pollution modelling, air ...
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A model for the dispersion of puffs into the planetary boundary-layer
A model for the dispersion of Gaussian puffs into the planetary boundary-layer is presented. The model relies on the relative diffusion theory in which the rate of expansion of the puff is expressed in terms of the spectral properties of turbulence. A new spectral formulation for the turbulent velocities is used, which is valid for different stability conditions ranging from stable to convective. ...
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Tritium dispersion simulation in the atmosphere from ANGRA I Nuclear Power Plant
In this work, we check the ability of an air pollution model to simulate the concentration of radioactive material emitted from the Nuclear Power Plant of Angra dos Reis, Brazil. To achieve this goal, we solve the time-dependent two-dimensional equation by the Generalised Integral Laplace Transform Technique (GILTT) method. The wind field was reconstructed by the MM5 mesoscale model and the ...
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An evaluation and comparison of the various statistical and deterministic techniques for forecasting the concentration of criteria air pollutants
A statistical approach is about working through the historical data in a general way and finding guides to future behaviour. In the present study, forecasting of the criteria pollutants has been done using simple statistical techniques and attempt has been made for an inter-comparison of these techniques with various advanced statistical and deterministic techniques. The inter-comparison analysis ...
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Combination of measured and modelling data in air quality assessment in Spain
This paper describes a methodology to combine measurements from air quality stations and estimates from the CHIMERE model for air quality assessment in Spain. The methodology consists of using linear regression and kriging interpolation to correct the model results, improving the fit to the observations. It was separately applied to rural and urban conditions, giving rise to maps for each case, ...
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Impact of future climate changes on high pollution levels
Changes in climate variability as well as changes in extreme weather and climate events in the 20th century, especially those that took place during the last two to three decades of the 20th century, have been discussed in many recent scientific publications. Attempts to project the results of such studies in the future have been made under different assumptions. In this paper, we have chosen one ...
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Photochemical smog modelling in Prague
A model for simulation and evaluation of summer episodes of anthropogenic surface ozone (summer smog episodes) is presented in this paper. This model has been used for air-pollution studies in the region of Prague (central part of Bohemia, the Czech Republic). It is based on so-called "puff model" technology and the Lagrangian method of trajectory construction in the boundary layer of ...
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The air quality Model Documentation System of the European Environment Agency
With the aim of providing objective, reliable and comparable information on air pollution models, the European Topic Centre on Air Quality (ETC/AQ) has developed a concept for an air quality Model Documentation System (MDS) to be accessible on the internet. The aim of the system is to include adequate information on the individual models, their application areas, and their status with respect to ...
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Spline interpolation for modelling of accumulated effects of ozone
An alternative approach for computing exposure indices, such as AOT40 of the ground-level ozone, is considered in this paper. The aim of the study is to compare it with the traditional way of calculating the exposure indices in order to discover possible weaknesses or strengths of both approaches. The problem under consideration is of great importance when modelling results, obtained after ...
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Application of The Air Pollution Model (TAPM) to the urban airshed of Bangkok, Thailand
Bangkok has been faced with air pollution problems as a result of increasing traffic emissions. The Air Pollution Model (TAPM) was employed to simulate carbon monoxide (CO) concentrations based on an emissions inventory data. The hourly CO concentrations from a year-long simulation have been evaluated against observations from six monitoring sites. The simulated concentrations were evaluated ...
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Modelling long-term averages of local ambient air pollution in Oslo, Norway: evaluation of nitrogen dioxide, PM10 and PM2.5
Large seasonal variations in climate as in Norway give challenges for air pollution modelling, especially of Particulate Matter (PM) that seldom has been evaluated. The EPISODE model calculated ambient concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), PM with diameter Keywords: evaluation, modelling, long-term averages, ambient air pollution, nitrogen dioxide, particulate matter, air quality, ...
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On efficient numerical solution of one-dimensional convection?diffusion equations in modelling atmospheric processes
A new approach is proposed to the numerical solution of one-dimensional convection?diffusion equations that arise in modelling atmospheric processes and air pollution modelling. The technique is based on upstream-type difference approximations for first-order derivatives and non-standard difference approximations for second-order derivatives of convection?diffusion equations. This approach leads ...
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