air quality modeling Articles
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The air quality Model Documentation System of the European Environment Agency
With the aim of providing objective, reliable and comparable information on air pollution models, the European Topic Centre on Air Quality (ETC/AQ) has developed a concept for an air quality Model Documentation System (MDS) to be accessible on the internet. The aim of the system is to include adequate information on the individual models, their application areas, and their status with respect to ...
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Proposed Revisions to the Guideline on Air Quality Models (Appendix W)
On July 14, 2015, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (U.S. EPA’s) Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards’ (OAQPS) Air Quality Modeling Group provided a pre-Federal Register (FR) publication of the proposed revisions to the Guideline on Air Quality Models (Appendix W to 40 CFR Part 51) (Guideline) on the U.S. EPA’s Support Center for Regulatory Atmospheric ...
By All4 Inc.
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CAMxRunner: a modular framework for efficient chemical transport modelling
Since many political decisions concerning air quality are based on models, modelling reproducibility and quality assurance are of interest to a wide audience. We developed a modular computer program called CAMxRunner to address this need. CAMxRunner automates runs of the Comprehensive Air quality Model with extensions (CAMx) including pre– and post–processing. Except for the ...
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ALL4 Air Quality Modeling Update
As it’s been over a year since my last air quality modeling-related 4TR article, I thought it appropriate to provide a general status report on the air quality modeling updates that have occurred over the last year. There are a number of items that warrant discussion around their updates and the potential impacts on the regulated community, specifically: A new version of U.S. ...
By All4 Inc.
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MODELS-3/CMAQ evaluation during high particulate episodes over Eastern North America in summer 1995 and winter 1998
This study presents the results of an evaluation of the US EPA air quality modelling system MODELS 3/CMAQ/MM5 during episodes of high particulate matter over Eastern North America. Modelling results for PM2.5, PM10, secondary aerosols and precursor gases were compared with observed data derived from a number of monitoring networks operated in the USA and Canada during the episodes.Keywords: ...
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Methodology for a comparative evaluation of two air-quality models
This paper presents a methodology for conducting an objective comparative evaluation of two air-quality models using several datasets. This methodology is designed to be simple to implement and understand, to reliably discern improvement in performance, and to accommodate the use of datasets from a variety of field studies of varying quality. The reliability of the comparison is enhanced by the ...
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The role of temperature in tropospheric ozone
After evaluating some meteorological simulations, we detect an error of over 5°C in surface temperature. In order to assess the effect of this anomaly in temperature, we perform new simulations of an emission model and a photochemical model using the correct surface temperature in the meteorological data. Our goal is not to solve the problem in surface temperature estimates, but to reveal how it ...
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Managing air quality during regulatory changes
This paper discusses the regulatory and technical issues associated with the revisions to the US EPA Guideline on Air Quality Models. The proposed guideline includes the models AERMOD, CALPUFF, and ISC-PRIME, all of which contain significant technical improvements over prior models. Differences in modelling requirements are appearing as regulatory agencies and industries use technically superior ...
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Fine Particulate Series (Part 3): PM2.5 prevention of significant deterioration (i.e., Attainment) – What you need to know
U.S. EPA’s final rules (and policies) governing the implementation of the New Source Review (NSR) program for fine particulate matter (i.e., particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 microns, or PM2.5) are now being implemented. In the March 2009 issue of 4 The Record, ALL4’s PM2.5 Team discussed the technical basics of PM2.5. Then, in the April 2009 issue, ...
By All4 Inc.
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Environmental impact assessment of air quality in street canyons related to council directives 1999/30/EC and 2000/69/EC
Council directive 96/62/EC on ambient air quality assessment and management requires the development of action plans for zones where concentrations of pollutants in ambient air exceed limit values. The directive also recognises air quality models as assessment tools. We discuss the application of an integrated air quality model, Air quality modelling in Urban Regions using an Optimal Resolution ...
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Towards uncertainty mapping in air-quality modelling and assessment
The aim of this paper is to promote the use of uncertainty mapping when spatial assessments of air quality are made. A large number of air quality maps are produced for scientific and policy purposes but rarely are corresponding maps of their uncertainty included. The need for such maps and the methods to produce them are described. Several uncertainty parameters are discussed but it is ...
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The application of models under the European Union`s Air Quality Directive: A technical reference guide
This technical reference guide provides a general overview of the use of models with regard to the consolidated Directive 2008/50/EC on ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe (theAQ Directive). This guide has three key aims: To provide common technical guidance for the use of air quality (AQ) modelling in relation to the EU's AQ Directive; To provide a central reference point for the ...
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Comparative evaluation of two air quality models: within-regime evaluation statistic
At the Workshop on Operational Short-Range Atmospheric Dispersion Models for Environmental Impact Assessment in Europe, Lee and Irwin (1994) presented a methodology for conducting an objective comparative evaluation of two or more air quality models. The methodology involved the use of bootstrap resampling to allow computation of confidence bounds on model comparison measures, and an inverse ...
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PM2.5 Air Quality Modeling Updates
There has been much activity over the past six (6) months that will impact how air quality modeling analyses will be conducted for Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) permit applications with respect to particulate matter less than 2.5 microns (PM2.5). As the resident air quality modeling expert at ALL4, I thought it was a good time to walk through each of these changes and discuss the ...
By All4 Inc.
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Performance criteria for the benchmarking of air quality model regulatory applications: the 'target' approach
The definition of appropriate performance criteria is one of the key issues for the benchmarking of air quality models in regulatory applications. As part of the FAIRMODE benchmarking activities (Thunis et al., 2010), suitable criteria for air quality modelling in the frame of the EU air quality directive (AQD) 2008 are proposed and tested. The suggested approach builds on the target indicator ...
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Effect of different meteorological fields on the regional air quality modelling over Pearl River Delta, China
This study evaluates the performances of three Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model v5.0 simulations that utilise meteorological input data from the 5th-generation Mesoscale Model (MM5), the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model and WRF with Four-Dimensional Data Assimilation (WRF/FDDA). Three sets of CMAQ model simulations were performed for a high air pollution episode from ...
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Investigation of roadside concentrations in busy streets using the model GRAM: conditions leading to high short-term concentrations
A new air quality assessment model GRAM, based on current Gaussian models, is described. It has been specifically designed for convenient assessment of air quality concentrations in relation to new air quality standards. Particular attention is paid to short-term peak concentrations. Factors which are likely to lead to high roadside concentrations are described. It is shown that none of the ...
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Inter-comparison of two air quality modelling systems for a case study in Berlin
A case study was carried out to compare two air-quality models (UAM-V and MCCM) in the region of Berlin. These are two well documented regional and urban models which were run independently with their own meteorological drivers and emission inventories with the aim to describe a specific ozone episode. Numerous applications in the US and in Europe have shown the good performance of these models. ...
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Numerical experiments to determine MM5/WRF–CMAQ sensitivity to various PBL and land–surface schemes in north–eastern Spain: application to a case study in summer 2009
The Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model was used along with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model to study air quality modelling sensitivity to various Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) schemes and Land Surface Models (LSMs). The performance is assessed and quantified by comparing results with surface observations and the outputs provided by the fifth generation Mesoscale Model ...
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Secondary organic aerosol formation from naphthalene roadway emissions in the South Coast Air Basin of California
Naphthalene is the simplest and most abundant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) in California fuels, with concentrations of up to 2,600 mg L –1 in gasoline and 1,600 mg L –1 in diesel fuel. In this work, naphthalene emission factors for gasoline and diesel vehicles are combined with an activity-based automobile inventory to characterise anthropogenic naphthalene emissions in the South ...
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