air quality prediction Articles
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Pollution abatement for improving air quality of Tangshan municipality, China: a perspective of urban-airshed carrying-capacity concept
This paper presents a perspective of Urban-Airshed Carrying-Capacity (UACC) concept for air pollution abatement in Tangshan Municipality, China. A 3D Multi-Box Air Quality Prediction (3DMBAQP) model was developed for predicting daily average SO2, TSP and PM10 concentrations in each sub-box of different municipal Function Zones (FZs). A 6-step procedure was designed to determine the UACC levels ...
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The application of Eulerian models for air quality prediction and the evaluation of emission control strategies in Canada
The Canadian Hemispheric and Regional Ozone and NOx System (CHRONOS) has been designed for the prediction of atmospheric oxidants on both regional and hemispheric scales. The model simulates dispersion and complex chemistry of nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using inventories of actual anthropogenic emission. The meteorological input for the model is provided by the ...
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Sensitivity of urban dispersion calculations to urban meteorology (COST 715)
Generally, the worst air pollution occurs in cities. This paper describes the COST 715 programme, which is a European activity supporting scientific exchange and networks on 'meteorology applied to urban air pollution problems'. For urban pollution assessments one needs the input of pollution near the ground, 'averaged' over an area containing a mixture of houses, gardens, streets, etc. The ...
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Artificial neural network based vehicular pollution prediction model: a practical approach for urban air quality prediction
The achievement of local air quality management goals in densely populated built-up urban areas often requires short-term air quality plans or emission management policies. Vehicular pollution modelling is an effective tool in managing the vehicular exhaust emissions in urban environments. In the recent past, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based vehicular pollution models are found to be useful ...
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An evaluation and comparison of the various statistical and deterministic techniques for forecasting the concentration of criteria air pollutants
A statistical approach is about working through the historical data in a general way and finding guides to future behaviour. In the present study, forecasting of the criteria pollutants has been done using simple statistical techniques and attempt has been made for an inter-comparison of these techniques with various advanced statistical and deterministic techniques. The inter-comparison analysis ...
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Assessment of traffic congestion in Hong Kong, and prediction of street-level CO concentration using a graphical screening method
The rapid growth in vehicle population and traffic volume in the past few years has offset the efforts of government to improve the poor traffic conditions in Hong Kong. This has intensified traffic congestion and hence the traffic-related pollution problems in the territory of Hong Kong, particularly in urban areas. Prediction was carried out using a simple graphical screening (SIMGS) method to ...
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Developing new correlations and uncertainty analysis for the prediction of ground-level and maximum ground-level concentrations
The determination of Ground Level Concentration (GLC) and Maximum Ground Level Concentration (MGLC) is useful for the prediction of violations for air quality regulations. In this study, the predictions of GLC and MGLC when using different existing empirical formulas are analysed and the effect of dispersion parameters is investigated. Sensitivity analysis studies using both a first order and a ...
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Studies of air quality predictors based on neural networks
In recent years, urban air pollution has emerged as an acute problem because of its negative effect on health and living conditions. Regional air quality problems, in general, are linked to violations of specified air quality standards. The current study aims to find neural network based air quality predictors, which can work with a limited number of datasets and are robust enough to handle data ...
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Effects of meteorological conditions on concentration of air pollutants in Delhi
Air pollution in Delhi is a serious environmental problem. In this paper, the effects of meteorological conditions on local air quality are quantitatively assessed by determining the relationships between concentrations of Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM), Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter (RSPM), sulphur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) with meteorological parameters on monthly ...
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High-resolution wind-tunnel datasets from the University of Hamburg: validation of street canyon dispersion models
Air quality is one of the major environmental concerns in cities as it has a direct impact on human health. One of the biggest sources of air pollution is urban traffic. To predict air quality in urban areas, significant effort and considerable funding has been, and is being, spent in developing numerical models for urban dispersion and in obtaining experimental datasets. So far, less effort has ...
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Evaluation of a hybrid model for simulating short term high NOx concentration in Chiba
In the Tokyo metropolitan area, high NOx concentrations have been frequently observed in winter. The Chiba Prefectural Government in the area paid attention to this situation, focusing on the local region where the highest concentration was observed. This local situation was simulated with a hybrid model of the mesoscale Eulerian multi-box and Gaussian plume models. Statistical evaluation of its ...
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Environmental impact prediction of air quality in a food processing environment
An impact study of food processing factory in Nigeria on air quality of its environment was studied using a factorial experiment. The effects of three primary air pollutants (by-products of the food processing): nitrogen (IV) oxide (NO2), carbon (IV) oxide (CO2) and sulphur (IV) oxide (SO2) on formation of acid rain also studied. These factors and their interactions in the predictive model showed ...
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Neural network-based study for predicting ground-level ozone concentration in large urban areas, applied to the Sao Paulo metropolitan area
Events of high concentration of ground-level ozone constitute a matter of major concern in large urban areas in terms of air quality, and public health. In the Sao Paulo Metropolitan Area (SPMA), air quality data generated by a network of air quality measuring stations have been used in a number of studies correlating ozone formation with different variables. A study was carried out on the ...
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Assessment of HPAC urban modelling capabilities using data from the Joint Urban 2003 field experiment
An independent evaluation was conducted of four urban prediction models included in the US Defense Threat Reduction Agency's (DTRA) Hazard Prediction and Assessment Capability (HPAC) (Version 4.0). This evaluation focused on comparing HPAC predictions with data obtained during the Joint Urban 2003 (JU03) field experiment in Oklahoma City. These models were run using a variety of meteorological ...
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Improving The Accuracy Of Dispersion Models
Ever since dispersion models were first developed over 30 years ago, their accuracy has been subject to scrutiny. If automobile speedometers are accurate within five percent and orifice meters are accurate within about one percent, why can’t dispersion models be just as accurate? The early documents on dispersion modeling referred to accuracy as a “factor of 3.”(1) By the 1970’s, dispersion ...
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Predicting air quality in Uberlandia, Brazil, using linear models and Neural Networks
Particulate air pollution causes a wide range of effects on human health, including disorders of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems, asthma and can cause mortality. Hence, the development of an efficient air quality forecasting and early warning system is an obvious and imperative need. The objective of this work was to investigate this forecasting possibility using linear models (such as ...
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The Geoengineering Dilemma: To Speak or not to Speak
An intriguing dichotomy has developed within the field of atmospheric and climate research. On the one side, it has become common practice to examine pessimistic future scenarios of anthropogenic pollutant emissions and their environmental impacts. Not surprisingly, compared to the alternative “best guess” or “maximum feasible reduction” emissions scenarios, the pessimistic scenario simulations ...
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Particulate matter dispersion modelling along urban traffic paths
In this paper authors compare two different approaches of 10 μm particles (PM10) dispersion modelling in urban areas. The study is focused on comparison of the Eulerian-Lagrangian approach accurately describing particle aerodynamics and the passive scalar approach representing simplified alternative for description of dispersion processes. CFD code StarCD has been used for this study as ...
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Near-field geometry effects on urban street canyon measurements for model validation
Selection of numerical urban pollution dispersion models for regulatory purposes entails reliable prior validation against either physical modelling or field measurements. It is shown that an asymmetric geometry of the urban street canyon, in which measurement takes place, induces persistent gradients in pollution dispersion within it, irrespective of the wind vector meandering above the roofs. ...
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Remote sensing of particular pollution from space: Have we reached the promised land?
The recent literature on satellite remote sensing of air quality is reviewed. 2009 is the 50th anniversary of the first satellite atmospheric observations. For the first 40 of those years, atmospheric composition measurements, meteorology, and atmospheric structure and dynamics dominated the missions launched. Since 1995, 42 instruments relevant to air quality measurements have been put into ...
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