atmospheric radiation Articles
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The study of radon levels and absorbed dose in the staff and visitors of Alisadr Cave
CR-39 passive integrating Solid State Nuclear Track etch Detectors (SSNTDs) were used to measure atmospheric radon concentrations in the Alisadr show cave in Hamedan province, Iran. This was done in order to assess the risk from natural environmental radiation to tourists and cave guides. The study was carried out in 12 locations in the winter and spring periods. The mean radon concentration ...
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Chapter 1: Issues of global environmental economics
The focus of this first chapter is to address and analyse some specific and unifying issues at the interface of energy use and environmental management from a global perspective. These issues will be examined at various instances throughout the book. We start from the fact that carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere affects the radiation balance of the Earth, and that increasing CO2 ...
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Estimation of daily dew point temperature using genetic programming and neural networks approaches
The present study investigates the ability of two different artificial neural network (ANN) models and gene expression programming (GEP) technique for estimating daily dew point temperature by using recorded weather data. The weather data used consist of 8 years of daily records of air temperature, wind speed, relative humidity, atmospheric pressure, incoming solar radiation and dew point ...
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Effective use of radiation monitoring data and dispersion calculations in an emergency
An essential prerequisite for the proper management of a radiation emergency is that measurement data and calculation prognoses are available and that they are produced in an efficient manner. This paper reviews some of the factors contributing to the practice of performing radiation measurements and atmospheric-dispersion-model calculations effectively and discusses the issues related to the ...
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Modelling the influence of dimethyl sulphide on aerosol production in the marine boundary layer
It has been postulated that dimethyl sulphide (DMS) emissions from the oceans can produce new condensation nuclei and eventually cloud condensation nuclei. Thus, DMS may have a significant influence on the Earth's radiation budget. A study of this postulate has been conducted for marine boundary layer conditions using a newly developed chemistry–aerosol–cloud (CAC) modelling system. The CAC ...
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Validation of a mass consistent flow model as part of a decision support system
In the context of real time (online) decision support systems for nuclear installations, atmospheric dispersion and deposition has to be calculated for a mesoscale area. Typically, the wind field in this area is influenced by topography. Therefore, simple Gaussian type modelling is not appropriate. Initiated and funded by the Bundesamt fur Strahlenschutz, simple (diagnostic mass consistent) flow ...
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Further development of the French-German dispersion model - SODAR pre-processor
Basic concepts, technical applications and details of the updated meteorological pre-processor using SODAR data (MPS) as well as additional meteorological measurements are presented. The pre-processor allows the calculation of boundary-layer parameters, i.e. friction velocity, Monin-Obukhov length and mixing layer height, on the basis of SODAR measurements which serve as input parameters for ...
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An exciting and eventful year is drawing to a close
Best wishes for the holiday season We would like to thank our customers, suppliers and partners for their confidence in our products and your loyalty in 2018. We send everyone best wishes for the holiday season and wish a Happy and Healthy New Year. Our review 2018 A lot has happened at OTT this year: With the integration of the sensor technology manufacturer Kipp & Zonen, the OTT ...
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Study finds geoengineering research ‘free for all’
The ‘plan B’ of using geoengineering to rescue humanity from the impact of climate change exists in a ‘vacuum’ of international regulations, according to a recent review. Proposals to counteract the effects of global warming by engineering the planet, with methods such as spraying chemicals into the atmosphere to block solar radiation, are largely theoretical and lacking ...
By SciDev.Net
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Aircraft and ground measurements of dust aerosols over the west African coast in summer 2015 during ICE-D and AER-D
Abstract. During the summertime, dust from the Sahara can be efficiently transported westwards within the Saharan air layer (SAL). This can lead to high aerosol loadings being observed above a relatively clean marine boundary layer (MBL) in the tropical Atlantic Ocean. These dust layers can impart significant radiative effects through strong visible and IR light absorption and scattering, and can ...
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Evaluating emergency response models of radiological dispersion in complex terrain
Operational airborne releases of trace quantities of the radioactive noble gas 41Ar from the HIFAR Nuclear Research Reactor located in Sydney, Australia, are valuable for evaluating emergency response models incorporating radiological dispersion. A network of meteorological stations and GR–150 environmental gamma dose detectors are placed in the complex terrain within a 5 km radius of the site. ...
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How is carbon dioxide gas measured?
Background Carbon dioxide gas is a gaseous compound produced by the reaction of carbon and oxygen. Its chemical formula is CO2. A carbon dioxide molecule consists of two oxygen atoms and one carbon atom. Carbon dioxide is an inorganic substance that is not flammable and generally does not support combustion. It is non-toxic at low concentrations, but when the concentration of carbon dioxide in ...
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The influence of the land surface on hydrometeorology and ecology: new advances from modeling and satellite remote sensing
The importance of land surface processes has long been recognized in hydrometeorology and ecology for they play a key role in climate and weather modeling. However, their quantification has been challenging due to the complex nature of the land surface amongst other reasons. One of the difficult parts in the quantification is the effect of vegetation that are related to land surface processes ...
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Thermal Vacuum Chambers: A Must Have for Space Exploration
On October 4, 1957, the Soviet Union launched the first artificial satellite into space, thus ushering in the Space Age. Since then, over 8,000 satellites have been launchedfrom more than 50 countries. According to Jonathan McDowell, an astronomer at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, at the end of 2021 there were around 5,000 active satellites in orbit. In addition to all of those ...
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Have We Got Dust All Wrong?
Scientists are challenging conventional notions of how dust particles are aligned; “everything we’ve so far hypothesized about the impact of dust on the atmosphere might be misplaced.” The “Godzilla” Saharan dust plume that clouded over parts of the United States in June 2020 created a lot of talk and a lot of magnificent sunsets. Dust is an intriguing type of ...
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A view on the effects induced by low irradiation contamination of soil and atmospheric impact on plant populations in nature
At present, a possible radiation effect is estimated as a function of dose irradiation although it is strongly dependent more on the environmental factors. The consequences of low doses of internal irradiation linked to chronic soil contamination and of external irradiation associated with short or prolonged atmospheric impacts for plant populations in nature are analysed in this paper. The ...
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Influence of accidental fire on black carbon aerosol concentrations over an urban environment
Carbonaceous aerosols are emitted by combustion sources and may influence the climate by altering the radiation balance of the atmosphere. Carbonaceous particles exist mainly in the accumulation mode and thus may be transported over long distances. The present study deals with the impact of anthropogenic activity associated with accidental fires on the black carbon aerosol concentrations over an ...
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Ceramic Kiln
Refractory Materials for Ceramic Kiln or Furnace Heat is transmitted via conduction, convection, radiation or a combination of them. Heat always goes from hot to cold. Without insulation, heat will be radiated into the atmosphere. Kiln insulation bricks can well solve the problem. Refractories are non-metallic insulation materials that retain their strength at high-temperature. Firebrick and ...
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Why is there no effective real-time Continuous Radiation Monitoring System?
Japan's disaster has raised many questions regarding safety of the public. It has served as a wakeup call to the agencies tasked with protecting the public. Not least of these questions, but certainly the most far-reaching is the question of the safety of nuclear power and radiation contamination of air and water. Way back when nuclear power was first established, in the 1960s public opinion was ...
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The most popular weather station
When you really think about it, so much of our lives depends on the weather. A storm can ruin plans for a wedding, sports match, or casual cookout, whereas a perfect day can make for a storybook celebration, a great competition, and a fine time with friends. For people whose work depends on weather conditions, such as those in agriculture, landscaping, or construction, keeping track of the ...
By JXCT
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