atmospheric visibility Articles
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White Paper - Introduction to atmospheric visibility estimation
Visibiity is usually referred to as the maximum horizontal distance through the atmosphere that objects can be seen by the unaided eye. Visibility will depend upon several factors, for example: The size and colour of the object to be observed against the sky in the horizon The brightness of the sky itself (background luminance) Whether the object is emitting light (particularly important a ...
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Particle Optics in the Rayleigh Regime
Light scattering and absorption by particles suspended in the atmosphere modifies the transfer of solar energy in the atmosphere, thereby influencing global and regional climate change and atmospheric visibility. Of particular interest are the optical properties of particles in the Rayleigh regime, where particles are small compared with the wavelength of the scattered or absorbed light, because ...
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Air quality in Europe — 2013 report
Air quality continues to be a very important issue for public health, the economy and the environment. Europe has significantly cut emissions of several air pollutants in recent decades, greatly reducing emissions and exposure to substances such as sulphur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), benzene (C6H6) and lead (Pb). Despite improvements over several decades, air pollution continues to ...
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Multiple Instruments Work Together for a Better View of Air Quality
Accurately identifying and quantifying particulate matter (PM) in the atmosphere is key to determining air quality. Researchers are particularly interested in PM that have a diameter of less than 2.5 micrometers because they are believed to contribute to heart and lung disease in humans and animals. These tiny particles are invisible to the naked eye and originate from power plants, fires, and ...
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Micrometeorological simulations over a complex terrain with SUBMESO: a model study using a novel pre-processor
Effects of topography on micrometeorological fields may have a great impact on noise propagation. Consequently, we discuss some preliminary results from a modelling study of short-term evolution of wind and temperature over a smooth, non-flat terrain. The study is performed using the 3-D model SUBMESO. A new meteorological pre-processor (MPP) has been implemented to specify vertical profiles of ...
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Prevent tail gas pollution and reject environmental hazards
Motor vehicle exhaust is the exhaust gas generated during the operation of motor vehicles, including carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), hydrocarbons (HC) and solid suspended particles (PM), which is one of the culprits of air pollution. From the perspective of the current pollution situation, the vehicle exhaust emissions to a large extent exceed the self purification capacity of the ...
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Air Particulate Monitoring – PM1
What is PM1 “PM” (Particulate Matter) is not a single pollutant but refers to a complex mixture of solids and aerosols. Which are of varying shape, size, and chemical composition. Which may contain many chemical species like organic compounds, inorganic ios, metallic compounds, elementary carbon, etc. These atmospheric particles are definable by their diameter for air quality ...
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Particulate Matter monitoring – PM2.5
What is PM2.5? “PM”, Particulate Matter, is not a single pollutant, but refers to a complex mixture of solids and aerosols of varying shape, size, and chemical composition and may contain many chemical species like organic compounds, inorganic ions, metallic compounds, elementary carbon, etc. So, these atmospheric particles are defined by their diameter for air quality regulatory ...
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TVOC Monitoring
Total Volatile Organic Compounds (TVOC) are a group of compounds containing carbon that have a high vapor pressure present in the air. There are abundant VOC emitted from everyday activities among which some are colourless and some odourless and some are toxic. Therefore, TVOC monitoring is an efficient way to detect exposure to toxic VOCs. This article covers information on total volatile ...
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Carbon Monoxide Monitoring
Carbon monoxide, one of the most abundant pollutant gases. The gas is indetectable to humans as one can not see, smell, or taste. However, exposure to high levels of CO can cause CO poisoning leading to serious health issues, giving it the name “The Silent Killer.” CO monitoring is the most effective way to know if one is at risk of carbon monoxide exposure. Meanwhile, this article ...
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