Showing results for: vehicle emissions analysis Articles

The objective of this study was to identify the influence of sampling and analytical approach on the quality of NH3 emission data of a gasoline-fuelled three-way catalyst vehicle. NH3 concentration measurements have been performed in the tailpipe and in the diluted exhaust after a constant volume sampling (CVS) system during five different test cycles. Chemical ionisation mass spectrometry ...

Oct. 28, 2004

By Inderscience Publishers

For monitoring gaseous emissions from muffler, instruments presently used can only measure quantitatively a given pollutant. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy can provide quantitative and online real time analysis. Calibration of our FTIR spectrometer with CO, CO2, NO, NO2 and N2O was done and the limits of quantification obtained were shown to be as low as 80 ppm. The variation ...

Aug. 2, 2010

By Inderscience Publishers

A standard Hiden HPR-20 was used for the detection of various gaseous emissions from a motor vehicle. The mass spectrum was complex due to the mixture of air, hydrocarbons and other combustion products. Analysis of this type is important to detect levels of toxic or hazardous species. Such levels are often strictly controlled by local government legislation thereby forming an important target for ...

Oct. 6, 2005

By Hiden Analytical Ltd.

This paper deals with an application of advanced simulation methods to the modelling of Duel-Fuelled engines (Hydrogen/Diesel) in which the premixed Hydrogen gas is ignited by the combustion flame initiated by a diesel spray. The model consists of a diesel auto-ignition model and a modified combustion model. The influence of main engine parameters i.e., injection advance, and various percentages ...

Apr. 23, 2007

By Inderscience Publishers

In Turkey, the differences in the properties of gasolines that are taken from different petrol stations are intensively discussed. By taking this as a starting point, the main target of this project is to examine these differences and how they affect exhaust emissions. The properties of nine gasoline samples taken from nine different petrol stations that belong to three different oil companies ...

Aug. 22, 2005

By Inderscience Publishers

Chemical ionisation mass spectrometry (CI-MS) was applied to study the benzene emission characteristics of a TWC-vehicle at a time resolution of one Hertz. Three important operating conditions with increased emissions were identified: at vehicle start; at extended stop-and-go situations; and whenever a catalyst-induced benzene formation occurs. The cold start influence was detectable for about ...

Oct. 28, 2004

By Inderscience Publishers

In this study, a well-to-wheel CO2 analysis of the usage phase of an Electric Vehicle (EV) compared with Internal Combustion Engine (ICE)-based vehicles is conducted. This study uses vehicle-type approval data of the vehicles and official fuel consumption data for comparison. It was found that EVs move the CO2 emissions from the transport sector to the electricity sector, but contribute to ...

Nov. 11, 2009

By Inderscience Publishers

The progress in HORIBA's emissions measurement systems has been closely connected to trends in vehicle development. Innovations in automotive technology, stemming from emission regulations and implementation of computer control systems, have especially had great influence on analytical technologies. With the advent of emission regulations, HORIBA developed its first automotive emission analyzer, ...

Feb. 8, 2010

By HORIBA Europe GmbH

Belo Horizonte is the fifth most populous city in Brazil and there is no data on the level of its atmospheric pollution concerning chemical elements. This study was conducted as a preliminary survey using lichens as biomonitors collected from two parks: Municipal Am?rico Ren? Giannetti, downtown, and Mangabeiras, far from the city centre, a place regarded as not polluted. Epiphytic lichens were ...

Dec. 21, 2011

By Inderscience Publishers

Abstract Vehicle emissions are an important source of urban air pollution. Diesel fuelled vehicles, although constituting a relatively small fraction of fleet population in many cities, are significant contributors to the emission inventory due to their often long mileage for goods and public transport. Recent classification of diesel exhaust as carcinogenic by the World Health ...

Sep. 21, 2015

By ECO Physics AG

Abstract We conducted a 60-day roadside measurement campaign on a busy street in Münster, Germany, during summer 2016. We used gas and particle concentration measurements with high temporal resolution (10 Hz) to quantify both the emission ratios of nitrogen oxides per carbon dioxide (NOx/CO₂) for over 70,000 individual exhaust plumes as well as the emission ...

Aug. 23, 2017

By ECO Physics AG

Ambient Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) were examined in a heavy traffic urban area in Bangkok, Thailand, on focusing monoaromatic compounds of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m-, p- and o-xylene (BTEX). Passive samplers were used to measure ambient BTEX concentrations in the environment close to very congested roads. Prior to the measurement, the validity of passive sampler performance was ...

Dec. 9, 2008

By Inderscience Publishers

This study applies observational data composed of hourly weather and aerosol to discuss the aerosol characteristics within different weather systems. Based on cluster analysis, spring weather in Taipei Basin 2004 was characterised as five weather systems: humid/low south wind speed, dry cold/high east wind speed, humid cold/east wind, dry cold/northeaster, and northwestern convection wind. Under ...

Apr. 8, 2009

By Inderscience Publishers

The air quality in the industrial area and surroundings of the city of Paulinia (state of Sao Paulo, Brazil) has been investigated by analysing the concentration of air pollutants (SO2, PM10, NO, NO2, CO and ozone) and identifying the main sources of air pollution. A mobile pollutant monitoring unit was used to collect the data at five ...

Nov. 19, 2004

By Inderscience Publishers