Biofilm Monitoring Articles on Environmental XPRT

BioSense a Biofilm Monitor and Controller

Abstract Biofilms (slime) can form on virtually every nonshedding surface, in a nonsterile aqueous environment i.e. anywhere where a water source is present; such as cooling/heating systems, swimming areas and in drinking water purification. These Biofilms can cause a myriad of problems including; harbouring harmful bacteria such as Legionella, inducing corrosion, and reducing ...

Feb. 21, 2014

By Sensara, SL

Faecal indicator bacteria in river biofilms

Biofilms in surface waters primarily consist of allochthonous microorganisms. Under conditions of pollution faecally derived bacteria may interact with these biofilms. Total coliform bacteria, Escherichia coli and intestinal enterococci are used to monitor source water quality, indicating faecal pollution and the possible presence of enteric pathogens. In the present study the occurrence of ...

Mar. 1, 2010

By IWA Publishing

Comparison of four methods to assess biofilm development

Two nondestructive methods of biofilm quantification (optical density via a flatbed scanner and biofilm thickness) have been evaluated and compared to two destructive methods (Crystal Violet staining after biofilm disintegration and dry weight). The methods were tested on biofilms that developed on a modified rotating biological contactor (RBC) that was inoculated with urban wastewater and fed ...

Jan. 1, 2011

By IWA Publishing

Biofilm control strategies in industrial processing waters

Bacterial biofilms cause a number of serious problems for industrial fluid processing operations. Mechanical blockages, impedance of heat transfer processes and microbially induced corrosion result in billions of dollars of losses each year. In engineered systems, such as cooling water systems, food processing, and other industrial applications possible risk to public health and product spoilage ...

Jan. 7, 2011

By MIOX Corporation - Johnson Matthey`s Water Technologies

Monitoring of CaSO4 deposition behaviors on biofilm during nanofiltration via ultrasonic time-domain reflectometry (UTDR)

The ultrasonic time-domain reflectometry (UTDR) as a non-destructive real-time method was employed to monitor the CaSO4 deposition behaviors on biofilm during nanofiltration (NF). Two parallel experiments were performed to compare the different behaviors of CaSO4 deposition with and without biofilm on the membrane. Results showed that the flux decline during combined fouling was slower than that ...

Aug. 1, 2010

By IWA Publishing

Using biofilms for monitoring metal contamination in lotic ecosystems: The protective effects of hardness and pH on metal bioaccumulation

Biofilms can make good bioindicators and biomarkers, offering a convenient tool to monitor metal contamination in streams that results from mine tailing sites. Biofilm metal content (Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb) as well as diatom diversity and the presence of teratologies (diatom abnormalities) were determined for biofilms from rivers with a variety of physico‐chemical properties across a metal ...

Oct. 28, 2015

By John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Mechanism and kinetics of biofilm growth process influenced by shear stress in sewers

Sewer biofilms play an important role in the biotransformation of substances for methane and sulfide emission in sewer networks. The dynamic flows and the particular shear stress in sewers are the key factors determining the growth of the sewer biofilm. In this work, the development of sewer biofilm with varying shear stress is specifically investigated to gain a comprehensive understanding of ...

Dec. 21, 2015

By IWA Publishing

Effect of sodium hypochlorite on typical biofilms formed in drinking water distribution systems

Human health and biological safety problems resulting from urban drinking water pipe network biofilms pollution have attracted wide concern. Despite the inclusion of residual chlorine in drinking water distribution systems supplies, the bacterium is a recalcitrant human pathogen capable of forming biofilms on pipe walls and causing health risks. Typical drinking water bacterial biofilms and ...

Feb. 2, 2017

By IWA Publishing

A biofilm microreactor system for simultaneous electrochemical and nuclear magnetic resonance techniques

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques are ideally suited for the study of biofilms and for probing their microenvironments because these techniques allow for noninvasive interrogation and in situ monitoring with high resolution. By combining NMR with simultaneous electrochemical techniques, it is possible to sustain and study live biofilms respiring on electrodes. Here, we describe a ...

Mar. 13, 2014

By IWA Publishing

Fate of <italic>Salmonella</italic> Typhimurium in laboratory-scale drinking water biofilms

Fate of Salmonella Typhimurium in laboratory-scale drinking water biofilms

Investigations were carried out to evaluate and quantify colonization of laboratory-scale drinking water biofilms by a chromosomally green fluorescent protein (gfp)-tagged strain of Salmonella Typhimurium. Gfp encodes the green fluorescent protein and thus allows in situ detection of undisturbed cells and is ideally suited for monitoring ...

Dec. 11, 2013

By IWA Publishing

Influence of the shear stress and salinity on Anammox biofilms formation: Modelling results

Anammox biomass has a relatively long duplication time and low yield. This is an advantage because the production of surplus sludge is reduced; however it also implies that the process must be operated in reactors with very good sludge retention. Some of the systems used to improve biomass retention are based on biofilm reactors; therefore, the objective of this work was to study the ability of ...

Oct. 31, 2014

By IWA Publishing

Anammox moving bed biofilm reactor pilot at the 26th Ward wastewater treatment plants in Brooklyn, New York: start-up, biofilm population diversity and performance optimization

New York City Environmental Protection in conjunction with City College of New York assessed the application of the anammox process in the reject water treatment using a moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) located at the 26th Ward wastewater treatment plant, in Brooklyn, NY. The single-stage nitritation/anammox MBBR was seeded with activated sludge and consequently was enriched with its own ...

Nov. 18, 2014

By IWA Publishing

Understanding the contribution of biofilm in an integrated fixed-film-activated sludge system (IFAS) designed for nitrogen removal

The objective of this study is to improve knowledge on the integrated fixed-film-activated sludge (IFAS) system designed for nitrogen removal. Biofilm growth and its contribution to nitrification were monitored under various operating conditions in a semi-industrial pilot-scale plant. Nitrification rates were observed in biofilms developed on free-floating media and in activated sludge operated ...

May 18, 2015

By IWA Publishing

Comparison between hybrid moving bed biofilm reactor and activated sludge system: a pilot plant experiment

The paper presents the comparison between the traditional activated sludge system (AS) and a hybrid moving bed biofilm reactor (HMBBR). In particular, an experimental campaign has been carried out at the WWTP in Palermo (Italy), on a pilot plant consisting of two pre-anoxic schemes. The aerated tank of the HMBBR line was filled with suspended carriers (AnoxKaldnes™ K1), with a 30% filling ratio. ...

Feb. 1, 2010

By IWA Publishing

Fluctuation of densities of bacteriophages and <italic>Escherichia coli</italic> present in natural biofilms and water of a main channel and a small tributary

Fluctuation of densities of bacteriophages and Escherichia coli present in natural biofilms and water of a main channel and a small tributary

Fluctuation of bacteriophage and Escherichia coli densities in naturally developed riverbed biofilms were investigated for a 1-year period. E. coli ranged from 1,500 to 15,500 most probable number (MPN)/100 mL and from 580 to 18,500 MPN/cm2 in the main channel in the river water and biofilms, respectively. However, the fluctuations were much greater in the ...

Aug. 8, 2013

By IWA Publishing

Impact of carbon to nitrogen ratio on nitrogen removal at a low oxygen concentration in a sequencing batch biofilm reactor

A sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) filled with polyurethane (PU) was operated in low dissolved oxygen (DO) (0.1–0.9 mg/L) at three different carbon to nitrogen ratios (C/N ratios) (C/N = 1.8:1, 5.0:1 and 10.5:1) with focus on reactor performance and microbial community composition of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria. ...

Dec. 3, 2012

By IWA Publishing

A Practical Solution for Real Time Organic Monitoring

Monitoring organics continuously provides instantaneous water quality data that is vital for several of the most common water and wastewater treatment applications. Online organic water quality testing ensures that immediate action can be taken to establish proper treatment. real-time organic monitoring is invaluable for optimizing and controlling coagulant dosing; monitoring ...

Aug. 25, 2016

By Real Tech Inc.

Neosens™ on-line Fouling monitoring for Cooling Towers

A New Approach to Fouling Control Neosens offers innovative, cost effective sensor solutions for monitoring the presence of biofilm and scale in cooling towers, heat exchangers and other industrial process applications. Fouling in cooling systems is a worldwide, multi-billion dollar problem, reducing energy efficiency, increasing maintenance costs and creating health risks due to ...

Sep. 1, 2009

Final effluent monitors protect wastewater treatment efficiency

Southern Water operates 370 wastewater treatment plants (WWTP), many of which are unmanned for most of the time and most have numeric environmental permits, so a network of online monitors has been established to improve treatment and protect discharge compliance. This has involved the installation of final effluent monitors at over 300 sites in a programme that has lasted for more than ten ...

May 16, 2013

The Economic Argument for Flushing Optimization, and How ATP Monitoring Can Help

As a way of controlling fouling in water distribution lines, utilities often conduct system-wide flushing cycles to clear lines of sediment, biofilm, and other accumulated material to maintain good water quality for customers. This can be done on an annual basis or as dictated by water technicians if more frequent flushing is needed. Take the city of Parker, Colorado (Population = 46,363) as an ...

Nov. 8, 2012

By LuminUltra Technologies Ltd.

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