bioindicator Articles
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Choice of biotests and bioindicators for evaluation of the quality of the marine environment
Approaches to the analysis of marine environmental conditions using the embryos, larvae and juveniles of marine invertebrates are discussed. A general approach to the choice of biotests and bioindicators is described.Keywords: bioindicator, biotest, cadmium, chiton, copper, detergent, marine (sea) pollution, sea urchin, ...
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Evaluation of various bioindication methods of measuring zinc environmental pollution
This study was undertaken to assess the potential ability of four distinct bioindication methods to monitor zinc pollution levels. The study area was the region around the town of Olkusz, one of the oldest centres of the metallurgic industry in Europe. The four bioindication methods used for the assessment of zinc levels were the moss–bag method and the measurement of metal accumulation in ...
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Using
Nucella lapillus (L.) as a bioindicator of tributyltin (TBT) pollution in eastern Canada: a historical perspectiveDogwhelks (Nucella lapillus), a universal bioindicator of tributyltin (TBT) pollution, were used to determine butyltin distribution in three Atlantic Canada harbours previously surveyed between 1995 and 2006. N. lapillus were analysed for the presence of TBT and its degradative products while imposex incidence and severity were compared with previous surveys to assess the efficacy of the Canadian ...
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Shortcuts for biodiversity evaluation: a review of terminology and recommendations for the use of target groups, bioindicators and surrogates
The terms related to rapid alternative routes for appraising species diversity (biodiversity assessment shortcuts), through the use of biodiversity target groups, indicator groups and other biodiversity surrogates are examined. Biodiversity target groups are selected for their methodological and taxonomical advantages, and the purpose of their use is the assessment of their own diversity ...
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On the road from environmental biomonitoring to human health aspects: monitoring atmospheric heavy metal deposition by epiphytic/epigeic plants: present status and future needs
For the past few years, a strong and intensive combined study by analytical scientists and biologists on bioindication and biomonitoring has developed. To achieve a more public-related prophylactic healthcare feature derived from these biotechniques in the future, the collaboration between analytical scientists, ecotoxicologists and especially human toxicologists has to be strongly intensified ...
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Effect of 137Cs gamma radiation on the system bioindicator Tradescantia pallida
The use of the bioindicator Tradescantia clone 4430 as a biomonitor is limited to a short period of time in regions of hot climate. This paper describes the use of Tradescantia pallida as a bioindicator, to verify its sensitivity to gamma radiation from a 137Cs source and to monitor places of low doses of ionising radiation in tropical climates. Specimens of the T. pallida were exposed to ...
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Holistic approach to biodiversity and bioindication in soil
After the Rio Conference in 1992, Biodiversity became synonymous with protecting the environment.Bioindication has emerged as useful process for environmental evaluation particularly of the soil, whichis a complex entity able to perform a multitude of key functions, vital for life, such as breathing,assimilating nutrients like carbon and nitrogen, transforming and mineralizing organic materials ...
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Diatoms as bioindicators of pollution in the Mantaro River, Central Andes, Peru
Semi-quantitative analysis of two algal samples from the Mantaro River taken few kilometres downstream from La Oroya city at Junin, Peru, contained both organic-pollution tolerant and morphologically abnormal diatom associations. The organic pollution is inferred by elevated percentages of Nitzschia palea, Gomphonema parvulum and the Achnanthidium minutissimum complex; the total assemblage ...
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Uptake of perfluoroalkyl acids in the leaves of coniferous and deciduous broad‐leaved trees
Analytical methods for determining perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) in leaves were developed to quantify a suite of analytes in both coniferous and deciduous broad‐leaved trees. Sodium hydroxide‐methanol and solid‐phase extraction was selected as extracting and cleaned‐up strategy for PFAAs analysis. Ten perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs) and four perfluorosulfonic acids (PFSAs) were monitored in ...
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Determining the effects of freshwater inflow on benthic macrofauna in the Caloosahatchee Estuary, Florida
Florida legislation requires determining and implementing an appropriate range and frequency of freshwater inflows that will sustain a fully functional estuary. Changes in inflow dynamics to the Caloosahatchee Estuary, Florida have altered salinity regimes which in turn have altered the ecological integrity of the estuary. The purpose of this current project is to determine how changes in ...
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Photochemical air pollutant levels and ozone phytotoxicity in the region of Mesogia–Attica, Greece
The levels of photochemical air pollutants: O3, NO and NO2, were monitored in Athens and in the neighbouring region of the Mesogia plain (Spata, Artemis and Markopoulo) from 1 May–31 August 2000. Phytodetection of ozone was also conducted using bioindicator plants of Bel-W3 and Zichnomirodata (KK6/5) tobacco varieties. The average maximum daily O3 concentration was 60–75 ppb, while the 24 hour ...
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Spatial distribution and heavy metal content of some bryophytes and lichens in relation to air pollution in Nigeria's Guinea Savanna
Use of bio-indicators in monitoring environmental quality in the West African sub-region is limited. In a study to evaluate the occurrence and distribution of bryophytes and lichens in relation to air pollution in Nigeria, three species each of bryophytes (Calymperes palisotii, Erpodium coronatum, B. leptophyllum) and lichens (Parmelia tinctorum, Physcia sp. and Trentifolia sp.) were encountered. ...
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Microscopic Particulate Analysis
Introduction In 1989 the EPA promulgated the Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR) in response to the 1986 Amendments to the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA). The overall goal of the SWTR is to protect consumers from pathogens. The SWTR recommends a multiple-barrier approach including source water protection, filtration and disinfection when surface water is used as source water for drinking. The ...
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Effect of laying sequence on egg mercury in captive zebra finches: An interpretation considering individual variation
Bird eggs are widely used as noninvasive bioindicators for environmental mercury availability. However, previous studies have found varying relationships between laying sequence and egg mercury concentrations. Some studies have reported that the mercury concentration is higher in first‐laid eggs or declines across the laying sequence, whereas in other studies mercury concentration was not ...
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Lifestyle and Mercury Contamination of Amerindian Populations along the Beni River (Lowland Bolivia)
The objective of this paper was to document mercury contamination of Amerindian populations living along the Beni River in Bolivia and to examine risk factors related to their lifestyle. A cross-sectional survey was performed among 15 communities on the flood plains of the Beni River at the foothills of the Andes. Hair mercury content (H-Hg) served as a bioindicator of mercury contamination. ...
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White clover nodulation index in heavy metal contaminated soils– a potential bioindicator
Received for publication January 10, 2008. The morphological effects of heavy metal stress on the nodulation ability of Rhizobium spp. and growth of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) were studied in the laboratory under controlled conditions. Fourteen topsoils were collected from an area with elevated metal concentrations (Cd, Zn, and Pb). White clover was cultivated using a specialized ...
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Monitoring of brine discharges from seawater desalination plants in the Mediterranean
Desalination of seawater has become an important and growing industry due to the water shortage in some Mediterranean countries. This activity may result in environmental impacts, mainly generated by the discharge into the sea of the concentrate (brine) produced. Data regarding the dispersion of these hypersaline effluents, and about their effects in the marine ecosystem, are very scarce. The ...
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Influences on the establishment and dominance of vegetation in stormwater infiltration basins
Infiltration basins are widely used in urban environments as a technique for managing and reducing the volume of stormwater. These basins can be spontaneously colonized by wild plants, which can be used as bioindicators of edaphic characteristics. As the basins are anthropogenic environments, the description of plant biodiversity allows the determination of which species colonize such ...
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Microbial density and diversity in constructed wetland systems and the relation to pollutant removal efficiency
Microbes are believed to be at the core of the wastewater treatment processes in constructed wetlands (CWs). The aim of this study was to assess the microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and Shannon's diversity index (SDI) in the substrate of CWs planted with Phragmites australis, Hymenocallis littoralis, Canna indica and Cyperus flabelliformis, and to relate MBC and SDI to the pollutant removal in ...
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Eelgrass as a Bioindicator Under the European Water Framework Directive
Eelgrass is the most widespread plant in temperate coastal waters. It is regarded as a useful indicator of water quality because water clarity regulates its extension towards deeper waters, i.e. the depth limit. This study analyses the use of eelgrass depth limits as a bioindicator under the Water Framework Directive (WFD). The WFD demands that ecological status is classified by relating the ...
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