chemical oxygen demand Articles
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A simplified method for estimating chemical oxygen demand (COD) fractions
A simplified method is presented for estimating chemical oxygen demand (COD) fractions. Its effectiveness was assessed by comparing different values found in literature. This case study considered two main sanitary sewer collection systems in Bogotá, Colombia. The results showed important differences in COD fractions between the sewer collection systems and the reference data. The method ...
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Degradation of wine distillery wastewaters by the combination
ABSTRACTThe degradation of wine distillery wastewaters by aerobic biological treatment has been investigated in a batch reactor. The evolution of the chemical oxygen demand, biomass and total contents of polyphenolic and aromatic compounds was followed through each experiment. According to the Contois model, a kinetic expression for the substrate utilization rate is derived, and its biokinetic ...
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Effect of Na2CO3 on the pretreatment of oily sludge using wet air oxidation
In this study, pretreatment of oily sludge, was carried out by Wet Air Oxidation (WAO) process. Experiments were conducted to see the effects of temperature, the initial COD, residence time, concentration of catalyst and OE (O2 excess) on the oxidation of the oily sludge. The results showed that in the WAO 88.4% Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) was achieved after 9min. COD removal was 92.7% in the ...
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Load limit of a UASB fed septic tank-treated domestic wastewater
Performance of a 250 L pilot-scale up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor, operated at ambient temperatures, fed septic tank effluents intermittently, was monitored for hydraulic retention time (HRT) from 18 h to 4 h. The total suspended solids (TSS), total chemical oxygen demand (CODT), dissolved chemical oxygen demand (CODdis) and suspended chemical oxygen demand (CODss) removal ...
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Effect of Sulfate Reduction on Chemical Oxygen Demand Removal in an Anaerobic Baffled Reactor
Laboratory studies were conducted to investigate the effect of sulfate reduction on chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal in an eight-compartment anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) at two COD to-sulfate (SO4 2-) ratios (40 [corresponding to 100 mg/L SO4 2-] and 8 [500 mg/L SO4 22]) with an influent COD concentration of 4000 mg/L.The COD was composed of a carbohydrate (sucrose) and protein (peptone) ...
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Improving the simultaneous removal of chemical oxygen demand and terephthalic acid in a cross-flow aerobic sludge reactor by using response surface methodology
Central composite design and response surface methodology (RSM) were implemented to optimize the operational parameters for a cross-flow aerobic sludge reactor (CFASR) in remedying mixed printing and dyeing wastewater (MPDW). The individual and interactive effects of three variables, hydraulic retention time (HRT), pH and sludge loading rate (SLR), on chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ...
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Research experiences in microwave-assisted chemical oxygen demand determination
The conventional COD determination through reflux method, although still much in experimental practice for water and wastewater analysis, is time consuming, complex and prone to a number of errors. A simpler, more rapid, environmentally benign but still precise method would hence be more attractive and is, in point of fact, a pressing need. Contextualised within the concept of Green Chemistry, ...
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Application of chemical oxygen demand to drinking water
“This study investigated the use of a photoelectrochemical chemical oxygen demand (peCOD) analyzer for the detection of model organic compounds and natural organic matter (NOM) from four drinking water treatment plants in Nova Scotia, Canada. Most model organic compounds showed reasonable correlation between peCOD and theoretical oxygen demand (ThOD), indicating that peCOD was a reasonable ...
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Synthesis of Nd-doped ZSM-5 and its application to treating slightly polluted water
In this study, ZSM-5 zeolite was synthesized using diatomaceous mud as the raw material, and then doped with different amounts of Nd2O3. The orthogonal experiments were performed to investigate the influence of Nd:Si molar ratio, zeolite dosage, contact time, solution pH and temperature on the removal of humic acid (HA). The removal of HA was comprehensively evaluated by chemical oxygen ...
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BM Respirometry System for essential COD fractionation in wastewater
Wastewater characterization is nowadays considered an indispensable step that provides all the necessary information for a reliable management and design of biological treatment processes. This characterization should mainly include the chemical oxygen demand (COD) fractionation as an indispensable tool for all that. COD fractionation involves identification of non-biodegradable and ...
By SURCIS, S.L.
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Performance evaluation of an aerobic biofilter with high organics containing synthetic wastewater
The organics removal performance of a lab-scale aerobic biofilter of volume 0.6 L was studied using synthetic wastewater and waste automobile tyre-tube beads as media. The column study was performed under Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) in the range of 500-1500 mg/L at an empty bed contact time (EBCT) of 2 h. The treatability constant at 27°C was found to be 41.963. A maximum COD removal efficiency ...
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Effect of ionizing radiation on antioxidant compounds present in cork wastewater
A preliminary study of the gamma radiation effects on the antioxidant compounds present in cork cooking water was carried out. Radiation studies were performed using radiation between 20 and 50 kGy at 0.4 and 2.4 kGy h−1. The radiation effects on organic matter content were evaluated by chemical oxygen demand. The antioxidant activity was measured by ferric reducing power assay. The ...
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A new strategy for determination of current efficiency during electro-oxidation of aromatic compounds in a packed-bed system
The electro-oxidation of aromatic compounds in 4,4′-diaminostilbene-2,2′-disulfonic (DSD) acid wastewater on IrO2–Ta2O5/Ti anodes was studied. The current efficiency was evaluated in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD) by introducing a new factor, the fraction of the Faradaic current to the total cell current (β) through the network analysis of packed bed electrode system (PBEs). Experimental ...
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Electrochemical degradation of methyl parathion
This paper describes the degradation of commercially available methyl parathion by electro oxidation using Ti/RuO2 as anode, stainless steel as cathode and sodium chloride as a supporting electrolyte. Experiments were carried out at constant flow rate and various current densities such as 10, 12 and 15 A/dm² and various concentrations of sodium chloride. At regular time intervals, reduction of ...
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Influence of thermal and alkali pretreatment to solubilisation and biomethane production of garden waste
The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of pretreatment to the garden wastes under thermal and alkali conditions and to evaluate biochemical methane potential. In thermal pretreatment different temperatures and application times were examined and solubilisation improved by heating. Soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) concentration upgraded by increasing temperature with ...
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Influence of ultrasound on the heterogeneous Fenton-like oxidation of acetic acid
The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of ultrasound on the heterogeneous Fenton-like oxidation of acetic acid, which is one of the most resistant carboxylic acids to oxidation. For this purpose, firstly, the degradation of acetic acid was examined by using ultrasound alone and the effects of different parameters such as: type of sonication system, ultrasonic power, and ...
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Effect of ultrasonic and alkaline pretreatment on sludge degradation and electricity generation by microbial fuel cell
Both ultrasonic and alkaline pretreatment of excess sewage sludge were investigated to enhance organic degradation and electricity generation from sludge by the subsequent microbial fuel cell (MFC). The ultrasonic pretreatment showed that the degree of sludge disintegration was directly related to the energy input, ultrasonic density and duration. Alkaline pretreatment demonstrated that more ...
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Investigation of furfural biodegradation in a continuous inflow cyclic biological reactor
The performance of a continuous inflow cyclic biological reactor (CBR) containing moving media was investigated for the degradation of high concentrations of furfural. The effects of hydraulic retention time (HRT) and furfural initial concentrations (loading rate), as main operating parameters, on the bioreactor performance were studied. The results indicated that the CBR could remove over ...
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Sonochemical degradation of Congo Red
Ultrasound irradiation was found to be effective in treatment of refractory pollutants. The present communication reports ultrasound treatment of Congo Red (CR). The CR degradation by ultrasonic waves (50 kHz) was investigated at 25?C. After sonication for 60 min, the CR concentration gradually decreased from 100 mg/L to 27.7 mg/L. pH of the sonicated CR solution decreased from 6.8 to 4.2. Oxygen ...
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Impact of the climate conditions on the purification power of Beni Messous natural lagoon
In this study, we will establish the correlations between the climate variables and the outputs of the pollution elimination in the natural lagoon of Beni Messous, using multiple regression method. We have chosen the ascending method 'FORWARD' for the selection of these variables in each regression. After the analysis, it has been noticed that the elimination output of the biochemical oxygen ...
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