chlorine reduction Articles
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Effect of advanced water treatment on behaviour of residual chlorine and development of chlorine control method in distribution systems
The behaviour of residual chlorine concentration in drinking water treated by the mid-chlorination or the advanced water treatment (AWT) was investigated. The AWT removes dissolved organic matter more than the mid-chlorination, thus the rate of residual chlorine reduction is decreased. The analysis of chlorine concentration data measured by automated continuous monitoring devices revealed that ...
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An Observational Study on the Effectiveness of Point-Of-Use Chlorination
Although the efficacy of chlorine disinfection under controlled laboratory conditions is well known, the effectiveness of chlorine under field point-of-use (POU) conditions is still not clearly understood and may be impacted by a variety of factors. This study evaluated the effectiveness of POU chlorine disinfection in rural Ecuador under typical use conditions and compared this effectiveness ...
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THM Removal in Two 300,000 Gallon clearwells - Case study
Greater than 60% THM reduction observed Topics: clearwell, certified tests, chlorine, trihalomethane reduction, stratification System Overview: Water flows in series through Clearwell #1 to # 2, then onto distribution. Tank / Reservoir Build Information: Tank Type: Two (2) Identical, Cylindrical, Steel GST Tank Size (Gallons): 300,000 Height (ft.): 16.75 Diameter (ft.): 58 Roof Type: ...
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Trihalomethane (THM) Removal in a Clearwell - Case Study
60% reduction of total THMs achieved. No more worries about EPA compliance. Topics: clearwell, certified tests, chlorine, trihalomethane reduction, stratification System Overview: This is a two (2) clearwell system with water flow in series through Clearwell #1, Clearwell #2, then to distribution. Clearwell Build Information: Tank Type: Two identical partially buried concrete tanks Tank ...
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Simultaneous reduction of by-products of chlorine dioxide and chlorine using Fe(II)–Al(III) coagulant mixture
Ferrous iron has been considered very useful for removal of chlorite, a by-product of chlorine dioxide. However, a serious problem can occur associated with high residual iron concentrations in water after Fe(II) treatment, especially at weak acidic condition (pH 6), having a higher capacity of chlorite reduction. Simultaneous removal of chlorite, dissolved iron, and humic acids was achieved with ...
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Effect of oxygen availability on the removal efficiency and sludge characteristics during pentachlorophenol (PCP) biodegradation in a coupled granular sludge system
This study systematically investigated the metabolism of pentachlorophenol (PCP) in batch experiments using coupled sludge granules under various dissolved oxygen concentrations. Results indicated that the oxygen condition in serum bottles has a significant effect on the microorganism metabolism. A greater degree of mineralization of PCP was achieved under oxygen-limited conditions (e.g., 40 and ...
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Forming DMAs in a water distribution network considering the operating pressure and the chlorine residual concentration as the design parameters
Dividing a water distribution network (WDN) in the optimal district metered areas (DMAs) formation is one task that usually troubles water utility managers. The present paper utilizes optimization methods to achieve desired segmentation conditions in terms of (a) operating pressure reduction, thus reducing the system's real water losses and (b) residual chlorine concentration reduction thus ...
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Tampa Switches to Chlorine for Water Treatment
Many Tampa residents received a notice in the mail a few days ago alerting them that the city is temporarily changing their disinfecting agent from chloramines to chlorine. The notice, which you can read in full below, claims that this procedure is merely routine maintenance and that the water will still be safe to drink. Citizens who aren’t familiar with water treatment methods may read ...
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Treatment and potential reuse of greywater from schools: a pilot study
This study presented performance data on a low cost and easy maintenance pilot system for on-site treatment and reuse of water collected from wash sinks and fountains, as major sources of greywater (GW) at schools. Various treatment options were studied including screening, sand filtration, chlorination, and UV disinfection operated at different flow rates. Results showed that filtration ...
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Industry Specific Applications For UV Technology TOC Reduction in microelectronics, pharmaceuticals and power industries
Reduction of total organic carbon (TOC) is critical for a number of industries who use ultrapure water, such as microelectronics, pharmaceuticals and power industries. UV applications in microelectronics includes UV disinfection, TOC reduction, chlorine & chloramines reduction and ozone reduction. As critical dimensions for integrated circuits continue to decrease, transistor capacities ...
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Reduction of chlorinous odor by the combination of oxidation and ion-exchange treatments
To better control chlorinous odor in tap water, we assessed the performance of the combination of oxidation (ozonation or advanced oxidation processes, AOP) and ion-exchange treatment. In this process, the hydrophilic neutral fraction (a major dissolved organic matter (DOM) fraction) is converted to ionic species, and these ions and ammonium ion are effectively removed during ion-exchange ...
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Online Process Analyzer Installed at F.J. Horgan WTP to Monitor Chloramination
Construction was completed on the City of Toronto's F.J. Hor-gan Water Treatment Plant in 1979, more than 60 years after chloramine had first been used to disinfect drinking water in an Ottawa plant. By then there was little debate about the benefits of chloramination and it was incorporated into the new plant's design as part of the disinfection process. Chloramine is more stable than free ...
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Wafer Thin UV System Lights The Way
The long awaited ‘Wafer’ design was unveiled in October at Piscina & Wellness in Barcelona, and it comes as no surprise that this revolutionary new range has already had an enormous impact within the wet leisure industry. The inclusion of chemical-free UV disinfection is now becoming standard practise for many aquatic facilities worldwide. UV systems protect against chlorine ...
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Project - Horizon 2020: Urbantech
Value chain innovations in emerging Health Tech, Smart City and Greentech industries addressing the challenges of smart urban environment. Today’s urban systems need to adapt to a growing population in order to sustain and provide a healthy, smart and green environment. Smart technologies, solutions and innovations are needed. The EU-funded URBAN TECH project will support the acceleration ...
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UV Experience for Inactivating Cryptosporidium in Surface Water Plants
The disinfection of pathogenic microbes in drinking water has been largely successful over the last century due to the use of chlorination. However, research conducted in the 1970's revealed that by-products formed during the chlorination process are potentially carcinogenic and that there is a direct correlation between the concentration of chlorination by-products and the probability of certain ...
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Potable tank THM reduction - Case study
Topics: potable, THM reduction, TTHM, chlorine, stratification/water age Overview: This tank is a concrete cylindrical potable water storage tank that serves the area's distribution system. The tank is 130 ft. diameter x 22 ft. high, with a capacity of 2.0 million gallons (MG). The maximum inflow rate is 6.3 million gallons per day (MGD). The tank receives water from a reservoir, which is ...
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The effect of chlorine and combined chlorine/UV treatment on coliphages in drinking water disinfection
Chlorine disinfection is a globally used method to ensure the safety of drinking water. However, it has not always been successful against viruses and, therefore, it is important to find new methods to disinfect water. Seventeen different coliphages were isolated from the treated municipal wastewater. These coliphages and MS2 were treated with different dosages of chlorine in drinking water, ...
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Cleaning Reservoir Data to Understand Water Age
Cleaned historical reservoir data tells a story about water age, which impacts on water quality. Excessive water ageing is likely to lead to a reduction in residual chlorine concentration, and potentially poor disinfection for communities. Reservoirs can experience considerable differences in winter and summer water age especially where there is high summer tourism. Cleaning and organising ...
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Spatial diversity of chlorine residual in a drinking water distribution system: application of an integrated fuzzy logic technique
A reduction in the concentration of chlorine, which is used as a chemical disinfectant for water in drinking water distribution systems, can be considered to be an index of the progressive deterioration of water quality. In this work, attention is given to the spatial distribution of the residual chlorine in drinking water distribution systems. The criterion for grouping the water-quality ...
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Purpose: To determine the ability of the Hanovia UVP 61 water disinfection system to
Disinfection of public swimming pools and water amenities is essential to maintain safe and attractive bathing conditions. The challenge today is to provide water conditions free of irritants and after effects and smell. Customers expect clear, odour free, high quality water. Chlorine disinfection is the most common means of providing such protection. However, chlorine chemistry is complex and ...
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