coagulant Articles
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Modeling study of the effects of the coagulation kernel with van der Waals forces and turbulence on the particle size distribution
In this study, variations in the size distributions due to different assumptions for the coagulation kernel are investigated. In order to evaluate how the coagulation kernel influences the form of the particle size distribution and to describe the process of the Brownian coagulation, the Brownian coagulation kernel, including the van der Waals forces, is compared with the most frequently used ...
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Influence of coagulant/lime dosing sequence on treatment of soft humic waters
The influence of dosing sequence of lime and alum as a coagulant in the treatment of soft humic waters (requiring pre-alkalinisation of raw water) was studied. The experiments show that the traditional dosing order, i.e. pre-alkalinisation first and coagulant second, might give worse results in comparison with the reversed order, i.e. coagulant dosing followed by pre-alkalinisation. The ...
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Feasibility of in-line coagulation as a pretreatment for ceramic microfiltration to remove viruses
The feasibility of in-line coagulation as a pretreatment for ceramic microfiltration (MF) was verified by comparing its efficiency in the removal of viruses with that of the traditional mechanical mixing approach for coagulation, and by examining the effect of coagulant dose and coagulation time on virus removal. The in-line coagulation–ceramic MF system efficiently removed bacteriophage Qβ and ...
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Make My Day! Registrants Gets Court To Order EPA To Cancel Their Product
Reckitt Benckiser is a manufacturer of a variety of household cleaning and pesticide products, including rodenticides, sold widely under the D-Con brand. In recent years Reckitt Benckiser has formulated rodenticide products using what is known as a “second-generation” anti-coagulant, brodifacoum. The term second-generation refers to the lack of resistance in rodents, which has ...
By Acta Group
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Longterm experience in the use of polymeric coagulants at Umgeni Water
Umgeni Water, the bulk treatment authority for the cities of Durban and Pietermaritzburg changed from inorganic coagulants to synthetic polymeric coagulants at its various works in the mid 1980s. The advantages and disadvantages experienced with the new chemicals are discussed in detail in the paper and the changes to test procedures necessary are highlighted. The polymeric coagulants were found ...
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Electrocoagulation Report for 2010/2011 by Dr Abe Beagles
A look at the advancements and technology updates in Electro ...
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The performance of enhanced coagulation for treating slightly polluted raw water combining polyaluminum chloride with variable charge soil
The feasibility and effectiveness of treating pollutants in slightly polluted raw water by variable charge soil and polyaluminum chloride (PAC) was investigated. Removal efficiencies of turbidity, phenol, aniline, algae and heavy metals (Cu2+, Zn2+ and Pb2+) were used to evaluate the coagulation performance. The results indicated that the addition of variable charge soil as ...
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Defluoridation of synthetic and natural waters by polyaluminum chloride-chitosan (PACl-Ch) composite coagulant
Removal of fluoride from drinking water by polyaluminum chloride-chitosan (PACl-Ch) composite coagulant was studied in a batch system. Two types of PACl-Ch coagulant were synthetized as PACl-Ch I and PACl-Ch II with chitosan to aluminum (Ch:Al) weight ratios of 0.5 and 1.0, respectively, and were used for defluoridation under different operating conditions. The composite coagulants were found ...
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Preparation, characterization and coagulation behaviour of polyferric magnesium silicate (PFMSi) coagulant
A composite coagulant polyferric magnesium silicate (PFMSi) was synthesized by co-polymerization. The structure and morphology of PFMSi were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectra and scanning electron microscope microphotographs; meanwhile, the coagulation efficiency was evaluated under different ratios of Fe/Si, Mg/Si, basicity ([OH]/[M] ratio), and dosage. ...
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Removal of titanium dioxide nanoparticles by coagulation: effects of coagulants, typical ions, alkalinity and natural organic matters
To investigate the possibility of removing titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) from water by coagulation, as well as to find the optimal coagulant and experimental conditions for TiO2 NP removal, four types of coagulant were adopted: polyferric sulfate (PFS), ferric chloride (FeCl3), polyaluminum chloride (PACl), and alum (Al2(SO4)3). It was found that the removal of TiO2 NPs by ...
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Treatment of biologically treated leachate by oxidation and coagulation
This work aims to investigate removal efficiency of oxidation and coagulation/flocculation processes, to provide an effective method for the treatment of biologically pre-treated leachate. Leachate containing 985 mg L−1 COD was treated by using three treatment schemes, i.e. oxidation, coagulation/flocculation and the combined process of coagulation/flocculation followed by oxidation. The ...
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Phosphorus removal in low alkalinity secondary effluent using alum
The alkalinity plays an important role in phosphorus removal using coagulant. The dosage of coagulant in the low alkalinity wastewater is limited due to rapid pH changes. In the present study, a series of jar test was conducted using low alkalinity wastewater (50 mg/L) to evaluate the optimum pH, dosage and performance parameters (slow mixing and settling time) for the common coagulant alum. From ...
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Flocs' re-growth characteristics in circulation coagulation–membrane filtration process
Membrane fouling can be significantly mitigated through circulating coagulation, floc breakage and re-growth under appropriate conditions. In this study, unified membrane filtration index (UMFI) was adopted to analyze the membrane fouling. The effect of circulating coagulation pretreatment on both flocs' average diameter and membrane fouling were investigated under different ...
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A full-scale study of Cryptosporidium parvum oocyst and Cryptosporidium-sized microsphere removals from swimming pools via sand filtration
Removal of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts and Cryptosporidium-sized microspheres was evaluated in full-scale swimming pools via high-rate sand filtration (31–34 m/h) with coagulation. Results showed that at least 90% of C. parvum oocysts and microspheres were removed by filtration with an initial dosage of coagulant B (1.56 mg/L), D (1.9 mg/L or 305 g/m2), or F (1.56 mg/L) from each swimming ...
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Recent development of an
in-situ image detecting system for floc characterization and monitoringCoagulation control plays a significant role in the final yield of sludge volume during water and wastewater treatment. The precise control of coagulant dosage, floc formation and aggregation behaviour becomes the important target for the coagulation process both in water and wastewater treatment. A critical review is presented first in this paper on the recent advances in coagulation control. In ...
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Effect of coagulant basicity on virus removal from water by polyferric chloride
We investigated the effect of coagulant basicity on bacteriophage removal from river water by polyferric chloride (PFC). PFC at three basicities (basicity 0.9–2.1) was prepared by means of base titration (NaOH was added to ferric chloride (FeCl3) solution) and the virus removal efficiencies of those PFCs were compared with that of FeCl3 (basicity 0). The virus removal efficiencies of the PFCs ...
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Study on the removal of acid dyes using chitosan as a natural coagulant/coagulant aid
Chitosan was selected as a natural coagulating agent for the removal of acid dyes (Acid Blue 292; AB292, and Acid Red 398; AR398) from dye-containing solutions. The study was organised in two phases. In phase 1, chitosan was used alone as a natural coagulant for the removal of the dyes. For this purpose, the effect of different parameters including pH, chitosan dosage and initial dye ...
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Growth characteristics of
Microcystis aeruginosa and their effects on coagulation process efficiencyIn this study, coagulation efficiencies for each growth phase of Microcystis aeruginosa, one of the main species involved in eutrophication in South Korea, were examined at the laboratory scale to obtain data on removal characteristics of this organism during the coagulation process. This study also defines the optimum growth conditions to culture M. aeruginosa in a laboratory environment. The ...
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Oxidation and coagulation of humic substances by potassium ferrate
Ferrate (FeO42−) is believed to have a dual role in water treatment, both as oxidant and coagulant. Few studies have considered the coagulation effect in detail, mainly because of the difficulty of separating the oxidation and coagulation effects. This paper summarises some preliminary results from laboratory-based experiments that are investigating the coagulation reaction dynamically via a PDA ...
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Sizes of particles formed during municipal wastewater treatment
Volumetric diameters Dv and specific surface area SpS of sludge particles formed during chemical coagulation and electrocoagulation of sewage were determined. The obtained aggregate-flocs differed substantially in both Dv and SpS values. The differences in Dv and SpS values of the analyzed particles were interpreted based on theoretical models for expanding aggregates. The most uniform ...
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