Showing results for: desalination Articles
-
Nuclear desalination with PBMR
The possibilities of using the high temperature exhaust heat of a Pebble Bed Modular Reactor (PBMR) in desalination processes are considered. An analysis of MED and MSF type desalination processes coupled with a PBMR are studied and a module for the DEEP code is prepared.Keywords: nuclear desalination, PBMR, DEEP, cost ...
-
Toxic brine from desalination plants
A new study has highlighted the problem of brine discharged from desalination plants. More than half the brine comes from Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait and Qatar, with Saudi Arabia alone accounting for 22%. 3 countries - the Maldives, Malta and the Bahamas - meet all their water needs with desalination. Not surprising when you see the islands from the air: The number of ...
By i2O
-
Freezingmelting process and desalination: review of present status and future prospects
The main factors affecting the use of freezing-melting (FM) process are the capital cost and the process complexity. The FM technology was successful when these two factors were compensated by other advantages. The success in food industry was mainly due to its ability of producing high-quality products compared to the available thermal technology in the market. In chemical industry it is ...
-
Prospects of nuclear desalination and highlights of related IAEA activities
Currently, several IAEA Member States have shown interest in using nuclear energy for seawater desalination, not only because recent studies have demonstrated that nuclear desalination is feasible, but also because it is economical and has already been demonstrated in several countries. Therefore, this paper will provide a highlight on seawater desalination using nuclear energy as a potential for ...
-
The role and importance of nuclear desalination
Desalination needs energy and saline water as the process raw material. The desalination process where the needed energy is generated by nuclear sources and/or the saline water is supplied from a nuclear installation, such as cooling water from the power unit, is usually called nuclear desalination. Comparing nuclear desalination with alternative water sources in general and to nonnuclear ...
-
Nuclear seawater desalination plant coupled with 200 MW heating reactor
A feasibility study on nuclear seawater desalination plant in which a 200 MW nuclear heating reactor (NHR-200) is coupled with MED processes has been completed, and the Chinese government has agreed to build a nuclear seawater desalination plant of this type in the Shandong Peninsula of China. Two different kinds of MED processes, high temperature stacked VTE-MED and low-temperature horizontal ...
-
Seawater desalination and serum magnesium concentrations in Israel
With increasing shortage of fresh water globally, more countries are consuming desalinated seawater (DSW). In Israel >50% of drinking water is now derived from DSW. Desalination removes magnesium, and hypomagnesaemia has been associated with increased cardiac morbidity and mortality. Presently the impact of consuming DSW on body magnesium status has not been established. We quantified ...
-
Nuclear desalination complexes based on PWR and gas cooled reactors
This report is prepared based on the results of activities performed in Russia on the development of energy desalination complexes (EDCs) with different reactor plants. The activities were aimed at the development of conceptual designs for EDCs and evaluation of the EDC from a technical-economic point of view, commercial attractiveness and economic efficiency based on reactor plants such as ...
-
Desalination as a game-changer in transboundary hydro-politics
This article demonstrates how the availability of seawater desalination is important, not just as an additional source of water supply on a national scale, but as a potential ‘game changer’ in transboundary hydro-political interactions. The advent of desalination can change the nature of relations from a zero-sum game based on resource capture to a mutually beneficial ...
-
On the thermo–economic optimisation of multistage flash evaporation desalination plants
A thermo–economic optimisation analysis is presented yielding simple algebraic formulae for estimating the optimum number of desalination stages, condensing unit and brine heater size with operating temperatures for distilled water production. The P1–P2 method is used in the present study, together with the thermo–economic analyses of desalination equipments.Keywords: thermoeconomics, ...
-
The power efficiency of the Tajo-Segura transfer and desalination
The origin of the water supply system of Tajo-Segura, in 1932, goes back to when it was the unique possible solution to the shortage of hydric resources in the Confederación Hidrográfica del Segura (CHS). Its energy consumption is not homogeneous; it could be bigger or smaller, depending on the different water destination. The energy cost average of water of the Tajo-Segura water supply system is ...
-
Safety aspects of future nuclear desalination plants: IAEA activities and world efforts
The use of nuclear reactors for seawater desalination has been investigated extensively for more than ten years and various designs of nuclear reactors have been proposed for future nuclear desalination plants. All such plants should satisfy recent safety requirements. In this paper, we firstly review the general safety requirements to be imposed on future nuclear desalination plants. Secondly, ...
-
Potential health impacts of consuming desalinated bottled water
This study compared physicochemical properties, anion and carbon content and major and trace elements in desalinated and non-desalinated bottled water available in Qatar, and assessed the potential health risks associated with prolonged consumption of desalinated water. Results indicate that Qatar's population is not at elevated risk of dietary exposure to As (mean = 666 ng/L), Ba ...
-
Multi-Objective Optimisation of hybrid MSF?RO desalination system using Genetic Algorithm
The aim of this research is to perform Multi-Objective Optimisation (MOO) study for multistage flashing with brine recirculation and hybrid MSF?RO desalination systems using Genetic Algorithm (GA) technique. The hybrid MSF?RO desalination system has been simulated rigorously using first and second laws of thermodynamics in addition to the plant economical aspects. Four objectives have been ...
-
Review and evaluation of desalination cost and costing methodologies
Recently, desalination is becoming a viable alternative for supplying potable water due to new developments in desalination technologies. At present, the cost of desalinated water is about US$0.5/m³ by RO and US$ 1.0/m³ by thermal processes. But these costs are location dependent. Thus the selection of an appropriate desalination technology for any location needs a reliable and accurate costing ...
-
NIROBOX Desalination Plant in South Africa - Case Study
A high-output desalination plant was urgently needed to solve an acute potable water shortage on the parched southeast coast of Africa. Fluence answered the challenge with 10 of its Nirobox modular, containerized desalination units. The 10,000-m3/d assembly has centralized intake, post-treatment, and remote monitoring, and is fully automated. The plant was ordered and commissioned in just six ...
-
South Israel 100 million m3 /year seawater desalination facility build, Operate and Transfer (BOT) Project
Abstract This paper presents the structure and features of the South Israel (Ashkelon) Project, which consists of the financing, design, construction, operation and transfer of a seawater desalination facility with guaranteed production capability of 100 Mm3/year for a term of 25 years. The facility which started operating in August 2005, achieved an initial water price of US0 52.7/m , one of the ...
-
Nanofiltration in the manufacture of liquid dyes production
In the manufacture of liquid dyes, almost complete desalting, which helps to improve the stability of the product, enhances the solubility of the dye. Diafiltration is used to allow a high level of desalting to be achieved. The process of desalination of aqueous dye-salt solutions by polymeric nanofiltration membranes using commercially available modules was studied. The influence of dye and salt ...
-
Evaluation of desalination costs with DEEP
Detailed analysis has shown several discrepancies and pitfalls of coupling an economic evaluation code, such as SEMER to the desalination cost evaluation code DEEP. This paper resumes our findings, which may be of interest to other DEEP users. The paper in particular deals with the following issues: why is it that power costs from nuclear systems are systematically higher in DEEP than those given ...
-
Desalination leaders in the global market – current trends and future perspectives
Since the world's first land-based desalination plant was established in Australia in 1903, brackish groundwater and seawater desalination became a common water supply technology in many countries around the world. Desalination has proven as a reliable technology in times of drought and/or water scarcity, while in some countries it is an indispensable water supply source on a regular basis. ...
Need help finding the right suppliers? Try XPRT Sourcing. Let the XPRTs do the work for you