dissolved organic carbon Articles
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Two cyanobacterial strains can be distinguished from each other and other eukaryotic algae by spectral absorption method
Spectral absorption method based on two step linear regression analyses (TSLR) was applied for detection of two strains of cyanobacterium, Microcystis (blue-green algae) from eukaryotic algae. Both blue-green algae, algae and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) were considered from freshwater bodies in Kanto region, Japan. The results show that blue-green species can be detected from other algal ...
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Optical Assessment of Dissolved Organic Carbon
Natural organic matter is present in all sources of drinking water. When chlorine is used for drinking-water treatment, a portion of the natural organic matter reacts to form halogenated compounds, referred to as disinfection by-products (DBPs), some of which are regulated by the USEPA due to their health effects. The implementation of stricter drinking-water quality regulations for DBPs has ...
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Three-dimensional excitation emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy and gel-permeating chromatography to characterize extracellular polymeric substances in aerobic granulation
Three-dimensional excitation emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy and gel-permeating chromatography (GPC) were employed to characterize the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in aerobic granulation. EPS matrix in this study was stratified into four fractions: (1) supernatant, (2) slime, (3) loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS), and (4) tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS). The results showed that ...
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Nutrient mobilisation and losses related to the groundwater level in low peat soils
The changes in dissolved organic carbon (DOC), N-NO3, N-NH4 and P-PO4 concentrations in response to fluctuations in the groundwater table were investigated in the peatlands of Biebrza National Park and some of its surrounding sites. The lowering of the groundwater table during summer time was accompanied by an increase in P-PO4 and N-NH4 concentrations, and in some cases they were exceptionally ...
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High Rate MAGNAPAK® System for Stage 1 DBP Compliance
With very high formation potential levels in both Total Trihalomethanes (TTHMs) and Haleocetic Acids (HAA5s) of its finished water, Cedar Key was identified by the FL Department of Environmental Protection as a major offender of the Stage 1 Disinfection By- Products Rule (DBPR) from 2003 to 2006. After evaluating several alternatives, the MIEX®Process was selected as a pretreatment step to Cedar ...
By Ixom
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Packaged MAGNAPAK® DOC Removal System at Big Elk Meadows, CO
With very high formation potential levels in both Total Trihalomethanes (TTHMs) and Haleocetic Acids (HAA5s) of its finished water, Cedar Key was identified by the FL Department of Environmental Protection as a major offender of the Stage 1 Disinfection By- Products Rule (DBPR) from 2003 to 2006. After evaluating several alternatives, the MIEX®Process was selected as a pretreatment step to Cedar ...
By Ixom
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Extending membrane longevity by using MIEX as a pre-treatment
The use of membrane technology and in particular microfiltration (MF) is becoming more popular as a water treatment technology. The operational lifetime of MF membranes can be reduced by natural organic matter (NOM) which is a known foulant. The MIEX DOC (Magnetic Ion EXchange for Dissolved Organic Carbon removal) process was developed to remove NOM from raw water sources. It was anticipated that ...
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Alternative Regenerants
The MIEX® Technology was originally designed for the removal of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), a precursor tothe formation of THMs and HAAs, from drinking water supplies. More recently, the MIEX® Technology is finding many more applications for the removal of a range of contaminants across many industries. Traditionally, DOC-loaded MIEX® Resin has been regenerated using brine, a concentrated ...
By Ixom
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Effect of preozonation on wastewater reclamation by the combination of ozonation and soil aquifer treatment
A series of column experiments and risk evaluation showed that preozonation was a better option to enhance the performance of soil aquifer treatment (SAT) than ozonation after SAT with respect to dissolved organic carbon, trace organic contaminants, and disinfection byproducts. This is a good example to show that upgrading pretreatments can be more effective than adding extra treatments after ...
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Silver nanoparticle toxicity to Daphnia magna is a function of dissolved silver concentration
The most persistent question regarding the toxicity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is whether this toxicity is due to the nanoparticles themselves or the silver ions (Ag+) they release. The present study investigates the role of surface coating and the presence of dissolved organic carbon on the toxicity of AgNPs to Daphnia magna and tests the hypothesis that the acute toxicity of AgNPs is a ...
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Ozonation Pretreatment to MIEX® Process
The MIEX®DOC process is a proven technology for the removal of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from potable and wastewater sources. Occasionally, waters are found to contain an intractable fraction of organic carbon and in such instances, the performance of the MIEX®DOC technology can be enhanced with ozonation. Ozonation is believed to be effective in partially oxidizing organic material and ...
By Ixom
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Submerged membrane coagulation hybrid system as pretreatment to organic matter removal from seawater
In this study, a commonly used ferric chloride was utilised as coagulant for removing organic compounds from seawater. More than 57% of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was removed at optimum dosage of 3 mg Fe+3/L. The coagulation by FeCl3 at optimum dosage could remove a majority (95%) of hydrophobic compounds. The results from Liquid Chromatography – Organic Carbon Detector showed that only ...
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Application of artificial neural network for modeling of phenol mineralization by photo-Fenton process using a multi-lamp reactor
An artificial neural network (ANN) was implemented for modeling phenol mineralization in aqueous solution using the photo-Fenton process. The experiments were conducted in a photochemical multi-lamp reactor equipped with twelve fluorescent black light lamps (40 W each) irradiating UV light. A three-layer neural network was optimized in order to model the behavior of the process. The ...
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Comparison on soil organic carbon within two typical wetland areas along the vegetation gradient of Poyang Lake, China
Poyang Lake is an important wetland with international significance in biodiversity conservation and local carbon cycle. A study was conducted to investigate the effects of vegetation communities on seasonal and spatial variations of soil organic carbon (SOC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in two dominant wetlands (dish-shaped pit wetland and delta wetland) of Poyang Lake, China. Results ...
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Dissolved organic carbon modulates the effects of copper on olfactory‐mediated behaviors of chinook salmon
The modulation of Cu effects on olfactory‐mediated behaviors by dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and Fe was examined in juvenile chinook salmon. Chinook were exposed to several concentrations of Cu, DOC, and Fe alone or in combination in a flow‐through system for either 4 d (acute exposure) or 14 d (subchronic exposure) and tested for their ability to detect and avoid the odorant L‐histidine in an ...
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Metabolomics confirms that dissolved organic carbon mitigates copper toxicity
Reductions in atmospheric emissions from the metal smelters in Sudbury, Canada, produced major improvements in acid and metal contamination of local lakes and indirectly increased dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations; however, metal toxicity has remained a persistent problem for aquatic biota. Integrating high‐throughput, non‐targeted mass spectrometry metabolomics with conventional ...
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Comparative study on electro-microfiltration (EMF) of water containing different carbon nanotubes (CNTs)
Disposal and penetration of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into the environment have raised increasing concerns over the years. In this study, a laboratory scale electro-microfiltration (EMF) was used to treat water containing single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The goal was to examine and compare the performance during EMF of SWCNT and MWCNT. The results ...
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Effects of clay mineral turbidity on dissolved organic carbon and bacterial production
Effects of inorganic turbidity from clay minerals on allochthonous dissolved organic matter (DOM), its consumption by bacteria and photodegradation by solar radiation were investigated. In controlled experiments of adsorption of DOM of six specific leaf leachates onto montmorillonite, kaolinite, and clay extracted from drainage basin soil, up to 31 mg C of leaf leachate was adsorbed g clay–1. A ...
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In-depth characterization of secondary effluent from a municipal wastewater treatment plant located in Northern China for advanced treatment
This study provided insight into the characterization of secondary effluent from a wastewater treatment plant located in northeastern China. The secondary effluent was separated into three fractions, the dissolved, the near-colloidal and the suspended, to study their individual characteristics. It revealed that most of the organics in the secondary effluent existed in the dissolved form, ...
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Distribution of pyrethroid insecticides in secondary wastewater effluent
Although the freely dissolved form of hydrophobic organic chemicals may best predict aquatic toxicity, differentiating between dissolved and particle bound forms is challenging at environmentally relevant concentrations for compounds with low toxicity thresholds such as pyrethroid insecticides. We investigated the distribution of pyrethroids among three forms: freely dissolved, complexed with ...
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