Domestic Wastewater Articles | Environmental XPRT

Small domestic wastewater treatment using waste materials

Phosphorus pollution of groundwater from small wastewater system is often considered as a major threat for aquatic habitats. Recirculating biofilters are often used to treat small wastewater systems without significant removal of phosphorus. In this paper, a low-cost waste material (dried alum residual) in pre-treated effluents from recirculating biofilters was examined. Two different types of ...

Feb. 24, 2014

By Inderscience Publishers

Urban domestic wastewater: how to reduce individual injection?

The present paper aims to identify ways to reduce pollution injected by residents in the urban wastewater network system. Two approaches are considered. The first one uses flow and pollutant calculation to test whether a polluter can easily be identified in a neighborhood. The second approach uses a survey to examine what incentive would be most effective to influence residents’ behavior. ...

Sep. 15, 2015

By IWA Publishing

Possibilities for reuse of treated domestic wastewater in The Netherlands

The implementation of wastewater reuse is becoming an increasingly important means of supplementing water supply needs and/or reducing costs. The present paper provides examples of possible uses of treated domestic effluent for the three sectors, i.e. public water supply, industrial and agricultural uses with the aim to address the feasibility of these applications. It is concluded that, although ...

Jan. 1, 2011

By IWA Publishing

An Infrastructure Grows · Decentralized Treatment and Recycling Domestic Wastewater

THE TERM, “decentralized waste-water management,” refers to the process of treating and discharging treated wastewater in the local vicinity where it is generated. Decentralized systems typically use the soil as the final receptor of the treated wastewater instead of discharging to surface waters, which are generally the receptors of treated wastewater from larger centralized treatment plants. ...

Jan. 1, 2001

Flow-rate and pollution characteristics of domestic wastewater

The characteristics of the flow-rate and pollution parameters of the domestic wastewater of a medium-size city (Sivas, Turkey) have been investigated. The design and the operating parameters of a wastewater treatment plant appropriate to such a settlement were also studied. Daily and monthly flow-rate measurements and wastewater samples were taken at the outlet. Peak values of the flow-rate were ...

Jan. 26, 2004

By Inderscience Publishers

Anaerobic Reactor Design Concepts for the Treatment of Domestic Wastewater

Since the earlier anaerobic treatment systems, the design concepts were improved from classic reactors like septic tanks and anaerobic ponds, to modern high rate reactor configurations like anaerobic filters, UASB, EGSB, fixed film fluidized bed and expanded bed reactors, and others. In this paper, anaerobic reactors are evaluated considering the historical evolution and types of wastewaters. The ...

Dec. 4, 2006

By Springer

Floating treatment wetlands for domestic wastewater treatment

Floating islands are a form of treatment wetland characterized by a mat of synthetic matrix at the water surface into which macrophytes can be planted and through which water passes. We evaluated two matrix materials for treating domestic wastewater, recycled plastic and recycled carpet fibers, for chemical oxygen demand (COD) and nitrogen removal. These materials were compared to pea gravel or ...

Jan. 1, 2011

By IWA Publishing

Treatment of domestic wastewater by a hybrid natural system

The present study addresses performance evaluation of a hybrid natural system comprising of settling tank, sand-gravel filter (SGF), aerated constructed wetland (ACW) and vermifilter (VF) for the treatment of domestic wastewater. The sequential batch experiments were conducted in a pilot-scale experimental set-up. The biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) was varied from 20 to 120 mg/L and the ...

Oct. 30, 2012

By IWA Publishing

Classification of contaminants and treatability evaluation of domestic wastewater

Long-term sampling and analysis were conducted in a domestic wastewater treatment plant for the investigation on the characteristics of the representative contaminants in raw sewage such as SS, COD, BOD5, TP, and TN. All these constituents were classified into dissolved and suspended groups by using a 0.45-μm membrane filter, and the concentration of each constituent in each group was ...

Jan. 1, 2004

By Springer

Hydrodynamic characterisation of an airlift reactor for domestic wastewater treatment

This study evaluates the hydrodynamic and mass–transfer behaviour of a 20–L airlift photobioreactor, employed for secondary wastewater treatment of domestic effluent. Gas hold–up (ε), as well as the volumetric mass transfer coefficient (kLa) was assessed as a function of superficial gas velocity (Ug) for both bi– and triphasic systems. In the experimental range of Ug ...

Dec. 4, 2012

By Inderscience Publishers

Post-Treatment Options for the Anaerobic Treatment of Domestic Wastewater

This paper focuses on the post-treatment options for the anaerobic treatment of domestic wastewater. Initially, the main limitations of anaerobic systems regarding carbon, nutrients and pathogen removal are presented. In sequence, the advantages of combined anaerobic/aerobic treatment and the main post-treatment options currently in use are discussed, including the presentation of flowsheets and ...

Jan. 1, 2006

By Springer

Domestic wastewater treatment with CEPT-wetlands process

This study aimed to develop an effective process with less construction and operation cost and with flexibility of meeting different temperature requirements, namely CEPT-construted wetland processes. To reduce the chemical cost for the CEPT process, fly ash was firstly utilised to develop an efficient compound coagulant. The lab-scale experimental results showed that with low Fly Ash Coagulant ...

Mar. 17, 2011

By Inderscience Publishers

Wastewater characterisation and performance upgrading of a domestic wastewater treatment plant: the Erzincan case

A detailed characterisation of the incoming wastewater and a performance evaluation were carried out for the domestic wastewater treatment plant of Erzincan City. Conventional characterisation results showed that Erzincan has a medium strength wastewater quality. Structural characterisation of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) indicated that the biodegradable fraction of the total COD was 64.7%. ...

Sep. 7, 2004

By Inderscience Publishers

High strength domestic wastewater treatment with submerged forward osmosis membrane bioreactor

Forward osmosis membranes are less prone to fouling with high rejection of salts, and the osmotic membrane bioreactor (OMBR) can be considered as an innovative membrane technology for wastewater treatment. In this study, a submerged OMBR having a cellulose triacetate membrane, with the active layer facing the feed solution configuration, was operated at different organic loading rates (OLRs), ...

Jun. 29, 2015

By IWA Publishing

Treatment of domestic wastewater with an anaerobic ceramic membrane bioreactor (AnCMBR)

In this study, a ceramic membrane with a pore size of 80 nm was incorporated into an anaerobic membrane bioreactor for excellent stability and integrity. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies by biodegradation reached 78.6 ± 6.0% with mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) of 12.8 ± 1.2 g/L. Even though the total methane generated was 0.3 ± 0.03 L/g CODutilized, around 67.4% of it ...

Sep. 5, 2015

By IWA Publishing

Nitrogen transformations and mass balance in an integrated constructed wetland treating domestic wastewater

Nitrogen (N) transformations and removal in integrated constructed wetlands (ICWs) are often high, but the contributions of various pathways, including nitrification/denitrification, assimilation by plants and sediment storage, remain unclear. This study quantified the contributions of different N removal pathways in a typical multi-celled ICW system treating domestic wastewater. Findings showed ...

Nov. 18, 2014

By IWA Publishing

Low-temperature limitation of bioreactor sludge in anaerobic treatment of domestic wastewater

Two strategies exist for seeding low-temperature anaerobic reactors: the use of specialist psychrophilic biomass or mesophilic bioreactor sludge acclimated to low temperature. We sought to determine the low-temperature limitation of anaerobic sludge from a bioreactor acclimated to UK temperatures (<15 °C). Anaerobic incubation tests using low-strength real domestic wastewater (DWW) ...

Mar. 13, 2014

By IWA Publishing

Start-up of a decentralized pilot plant for the anaerobic treatment of domestic wastewater

This paper is about the set-up and start-up of a decentralized anaerobic pilot plant for producing domestic service water from domestic wastewater. The plant consists of a two-stage anaerobic digestion process for degrading organic matter and a third-stage for ammonium removal using the Anammox process. Each reactor was started independently with synthetic wastewater of stage-specific ...

Jan. 1, 2017

By IWA Publishing

Effective carbon and nutrient treatment solutions for mixed domestic-industrial wastewater in India

The present study evaluates effectiveness of up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor followed by two post-anaerobic treatment options, namely free-surface, up-flow constructed wetland (FUP-CW) and oxygen-limited anaerobic nitrification/denitrification (OLAND) processes in treating sewage from the peri-urban areas in India receiving illegal industrial infiltrations. The UASB studies ...

Aug. 6, 2015

By IWA Publishing

Degradation of organic matter from domestic wastewater with loofah sponge biofilm reactor

A laboratory-scale oxic biofilm reactor using loofah sponge as support material was carried out to study its start-up characteristics and the optimum operation parameters in removing organic matter and nitrogen from domestic wastewater. It took no more than 10 days to complete microbiological cultivation and acclimation, indicating that the natural loofah sponge was a superior support material ...

Dec. 1, 2011

By IWA Publishing

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