Domestic Wastewater Articles on Environmental XPRT

Singapore a model for effective water management

Singapore continues to be a model of effective water management as more and more countries begin experiencing water scarcity. To some, the Asian city-state (which occupies an area roughly a quarter the size of Rhode Island) may seem an unlikely beacon for water efficiency. But, to achieve water security and self-sufficiency, residents have been helping leaders meet national water management ...

Feb. 17, 2017

By Fluence Corporation

Hydrodynamic characterisation of an airlift reactor for domestic wastewater treatment

This study evaluates the hydrodynamic and mass–transfer behaviour of a 20–L airlift photobioreactor, employed for secondary wastewater treatment of domestic effluent. Gas hold–up (ε), as well as the volumetric mass transfer coefficient (kLa) was assessed as a function of superficial gas velocity (Ug) for both bi– and triphasic systems. In the experimental range of Ug ...

Dec. 4, 2012

By Inderscience Publishers

Domestic wastewater treatment with CEPT-wetlands process

This study aimed to develop an effective process with less construction and operation cost and with flexibility of meeting different temperature requirements, namely CEPT-construted wetland processes. To reduce the chemical cost for the CEPT process, fly ash was firstly utilised to develop an efficient compound coagulant. The lab-scale experimental results showed that with low Fly Ash Coagulant ...

Mar. 17, 2011

By Inderscience Publishers

Classification of contaminants and treatability evaluation of domestic wastewater

Long-term sampling and analysis were conducted in a domestic wastewater treatment plant for the investigation on the characteristics of the representative contaminants in raw sewage such as SS, COD, BOD5, TP, and TN. All these constituents were classified into dissolved and suspended groups by using a 0.45-μm membrane filter, and the concentration of each constituent in each group was ...

Jan. 1, 2004

By Springer

Treatment of domestic wastewater by a hybrid natural system

The present study addresses performance evaluation of a hybrid natural system comprising of settling tank, sand-gravel filter (SGF), aerated constructed wetland (ACW) and vermifilter (VF) for the treatment of domestic wastewater. The sequential batch experiments were conducted in a pilot-scale experimental set-up. The biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) was varied from 20 to 120 mg/L and the ...

Oct. 30, 2012

By IWA Publishing

Floating treatment wetlands for domestic wastewater treatment

Floating islands are a form of treatment wetland characterized by a mat of synthetic matrix at the water surface into which macrophytes can be planted and through which water passes. We evaluated two matrix materials for treating domestic wastewater, recycled plastic and recycled carpet fibers, for chemical oxygen demand (COD) and nitrogen removal. These materials were compared to pea gravel or ...

Jan. 1, 2011

By IWA Publishing

Post-Treatment Options for the Anaerobic Treatment of Domestic Wastewater

This paper focuses on the post-treatment options for the anaerobic treatment of domestic wastewater. Initially, the main limitations of anaerobic systems regarding carbon, nutrients and pathogen removal are presented. In sequence, the advantages of combined anaerobic/aerobic treatment and the main post-treatment options currently in use are discussed, including the presentation of flowsheets and ...

Jan. 1, 2006

By Springer

Anaerobic Reactor Design Concepts for the Treatment of Domestic Wastewater

Since the earlier anaerobic treatment systems, the design concepts were improved from classic reactors like septic tanks and anaerobic ponds, to modern high rate reactor configurations like anaerobic filters, UASB, EGSB, fixed film fluidized bed and expanded bed reactors, and others. In this paper, anaerobic reactors are evaluated considering the historical evolution and types of wastewaters. The ...

Dec. 4, 2006

By Springer

Flow-rate and pollution characteristics of domestic wastewater

The characteristics of the flow-rate and pollution parameters of the domestic wastewater of a medium-size city (Sivas, Turkey) have been investigated. The design and the operating parameters of a wastewater treatment plant appropriate to such a settlement were also studied. Daily and monthly flow-rate measurements and wastewater samples were taken at the outlet. Peak values of the flow-rate were ...

Jan. 26, 2004

By Inderscience Publishers

An Infrastructure Grows · Decentralized Treatment and Recycling Domestic Wastewater

THE TERM, “decentralized waste-water management,” refers to the process of treating and discharging treated wastewater in the local vicinity where it is generated. Decentralized systems typically use the soil as the final receptor of the treated wastewater instead of discharging to surface waters, which are generally the receptors of treated wastewater from larger centralized treatment plants. ...

Jan. 1, 2001

Urban domestic wastewater: how to reduce individual injection?

The present paper aims to identify ways to reduce pollution injected by residents in the urban wastewater network system. Two approaches are considered. The first one uses flow and pollutant calculation to test whether a polluter can easily be identified in a neighborhood. The second approach uses a survey to examine what incentive would be most effective to influence residents’ behavior. ...

Sep. 15, 2015

By IWA Publishing

Possibilities for reuse of treated domestic wastewater in The Netherlands

The implementation of wastewater reuse is becoming an increasingly important means of supplementing water supply needs and/or reducing costs. The present paper provides examples of possible uses of treated domestic effluent for the three sectors, i.e. public water supply, industrial and agricultural uses with the aim to address the feasibility of these applications. It is concluded that, although ...

Jan. 1, 2011

By IWA Publishing

Small domestic wastewater treatment using waste materials

Phosphorus pollution of groundwater from small wastewater system is often considered as a major threat for aquatic habitats. Recirculating biofilters are often used to treat small wastewater systems without significant removal of phosphorus. In this paper, a low-cost waste material (dried alum residual) in pre-treated effluents from recirculating biofilters was examined. Two different types of ...

Feb. 24, 2014

By Inderscience Publishers

Wastewater characterisation and performance upgrading of a domestic wastewater treatment plant: the Erzincan case

A detailed characterisation of the incoming wastewater and a performance evaluation were carried out for the domestic wastewater treatment plant of Erzincan City. Conventional characterisation results showed that Erzincan has a medium strength wastewater quality. Structural characterisation of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) indicated that the biodegradable fraction of the total COD was 64.7%. ...

Sep. 7, 2004

By Inderscience Publishers

Performance evaluation of subsurface wastewater infiltration system in treating domestic sewage

This study was to investigate domestic treatment efficiency of a subsurface wastewater infiltration (SWI) system over time. The performances of a young SWI system (in Shenyang University, China, fully operated for one year) and a mature SWI system (in Shenyang Normal University, China, fully operated for seven years) under the same operation mode were contrasted through field-scale experiments ...

Jan. 1, 2012

By IWA Publishing

Aerobic granular sludge technology and nitrogen removal for domestic wastewater treatment

This study evaluated aerobic granulation and nitrogen removal via assimilation, nitrification, and denitrification of a system fed with real domestic wastewater. The granulation process was complete after 160 days of operation. The mature granules had an almost spherical structure, an average size of 473.0 μm, and a good settling ability (SVI30 of 75.6 mL g−1). Ammonium ...

Apr. 13, 2015

By IWA Publishing

Evaluation of different configurations of hybrid membrane bioreactors for treatment of domestic wastewater

Four membrane bioreactors (MBRs) with the same dimensions were studied for 180 days: three hybrid growth membrane bioreactors with biofilm attached in different packing media and a conventional MBR (C-MBR). The four MBRs had an identical membrane module of hollow fiber with a nominal porous diameter of 0.4 μm. The MBRs were: (1) a C-MBR; (2) a moving bed membrane bioreactor (MB-MBR), ...

Feb. 26, 2015

By IWA Publishing

Load limit of a UASB fed septic tank-treated domestic wastewater

Performance of a 250 L pilot-scale up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor, operated at ambient temperatures, fed septic tank effluents intermittently, was monitored for hydraulic retention time (HRT) from 18 h to 4 h. The total suspended solids (TSS), total chemical oxygen demand (CODT), dissolved chemical oxygen demand (CODdis) and suspended chemical oxygen demand (CODss) removal ...

Jul. 14, 2015

By IWA Publishing

Effect of temperature on the treatment of domestic wastewater with a staged anaerobic fluidized membrane bioreactor

A laboratory staged anaerobic fluidized membrane bioreactor (SAF-MBR) system was applied to the treatment of primary clarifier effluent from a domestic wastewater treatment plant with temperature decreasing from 25 to 10 °C. At all temperatures and with a total hydraulic retention time of 2.3 h, overall chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) removals were ...

Mar. 19, 2014

By IWA Publishing

Constructed Wetlands for Domestic Wastewater Treatment and its Reuse in Irrigation

Introduction This project focuses on South Europe, the region important for tourism and agricultural production, both activities with high water demand. Mentioned region is already experiencing problems with water scarcity and the situation is expected to worsen according to the international prognosis (Angelakis et al, 1999). Climate change could cause problems with water supply and water ...

Nov. 8, 2015

By IWA Publishing

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