drinking water fluoridation Articles
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Facts about Fluoride in Water
Previously, the only route of exposure to fluoride was by drinking water or food that contained natural sources of fluoride. Currently, exposure to fluoride comes from more sources including fluoridated dental products such as toothpaste and mouthwash, as well as the addition of fluoride to drinking water, for reducing tooth decay. Some bottled water products (such as spring water) can contain ...
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Fluoride removal from drinking water by adsorption using bone char as a biosorbent
As a biomass material, bone char was investigated for the feasibility to be used as a cost-effective biosorbent for fluoride removal from drinking water in groundwater environment. Based on the batch tests with natural tourmalin and active alumina being the reference adsorbents, bone char has demonstrated a higher fluoride adsorption capacity. This capacity was found to increase with the increase ...
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Fluoride removal from drinking water in Senegal: laboratory and pilot experimentation on bone char-based treatment
In Senegal there are four regions where fluoride concentration in drinking water exceeds the World Health Organization guide value of 1.5 mg/L. This generates permanent damages to the teeth (dental fluorosis) and to the skeleton (skeletal fluorosis). A safe, efficient, simple and low-cost effective defluoridation technique is not available yet and needs to be developed in order to prevent the ...
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Adsorption of fluoride from water by surface-functionalized polyurethane foam
Surface-functionalized polyurethane foam (SPUF) showed an exceptionally high adsorption potential for defluoridation of drinking water. Kinetic experiments of fluoride adsorption on SPUF demonstrated quick adsorption in first 60 min and then achieved maximum adsorption (7.8 mg g−1). The adsorption isotherm was described using Bradley equation. The adsorption capacity of SPUF was significantly ...
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Impact and extent of ground water pollution: a case study of rural area in Punjab State (India)
Pollution has affected not only the natural resources of the planet but ground water also. Present paper is emphasised on study to assess the drinking water quality and its impacts on human health in the rural area of a region in Punjab (India). Samples of ground water from five villages have been tested and it has been found that 65% of samples have excessive fluoride, 100% have excessive ...
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High fluoride drinking water in Gokwe, northwest Zimbabwe
More than 200 million people worldwide are exposed to excessive fluoride in drinking water. According to the World Health Organization, the optimal concentration range of fluoride in drinking water is 0.5 to 1.5 mg/L. Above this range, populations may contract dental fluorosis or, in severe cases, crippling skeletal fluorosis. In the Gokwe area in NW Zimbabwe, where drinking water contains up ...
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5 Common questions about fluoride in water
Fluoride in water can be both naturally occurring, or artificially added. In the latter case, this is usually with the objective of aiding oral hygiene in populated areas. Because of its controlled addition in many water systems around the world, it has become associated with a number of different controversies, myths and confusion. Whether you are interested in monitoring fluoride in water, or ...
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The Case Against Fluoride - Book Review
In depth review of the book "The Case Against Fluoride" with some solid evidence that fluoride added to drinking water is potentially dangerous to our health. You’ll find claims that fluoride is a product of the fertilizer industry and considered hazardous waste, it can weaken bones and may cause bone cancer, it affects the thyroid gland and may adversely affect brain development in ...
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World Health Organization`s Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality
Access to safe drinking water is essential as a health and development issue at national, regional and local levels. The World Health Organization (WHO) developed WHO drinking water guidelines to formulate national standards and regulations to enforce water safety and support public health. The WHO conducts revisions on the guidelines and publishes them to incorporate new evidence obtained ...
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Lab scale study on electrocoagulation defluoridation process optimization along with aluminium leaching in the process and comparison with full scale plant operation
An excess or lack of fluoride in drinking water is harmful to human health. Desirable and permissible standards of fluoride in drinking water are 1.0 and 1.5 mg/L, respectively, as per Indian drinking water quality standards i.e., BIS 10500, 1991. In this paper, the performance of an electro-coagulation defluoridation batch process with aluminium electrodes was investigated. Different operational ...
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Degradation of Groundwater due to Fluoride Contamination in India
Introduction: India is the largest consumer of groundwater in the whole world. It uses around 230 cubic kilometers of groundwater per year, which is over a quarter of the global total. More than 60 percentage of groundwater in India is used for irrigation, whereas almost 85% of groundwater is used for drinking purposes. Even though groundwater is a renewable water resource, the world’s ...
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Removing Inorganic Contaminants with Arsenic Water Treatment
Inorganic contaminants in drinking water are more than just an annoyance. Arsenic is a naturally occurring carcinogen, which is known to lead to both cancer and heart failure. Arsenic is also a difficult contaminant to detect. Since arsenic is both odorless and colorless, testing has to be conducted in order to reliably identify it. Arsenic often appears in conjunction with iron and manganese. ...
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Removing Inorganic Contaminants with Arsenic Water Treatment
Inorganic contaminants in drinking water are more than just an annoyance. Arsenic is a naturally occurring carcinogen, which is known to lead to both cancer and heart failure. Arsenic is also a difficult contaminant to detect. Since arsenic is both odorless and colorless, testing has to be conducted in order to reliably identify it. Arsenic often appears in conjunction with iron and manganese. ...
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Chemically activated cow bone for increased fluoride removal from drinking water
Thermally activated cow bone is widely utilized for treating fluoride impacted drinking water to meet the World Health Organization guideline value of 1.5 mg/L. However, the fluoride removal capacity of bone char is low, leaving room for further improvement. This study, therefore, strives to improve the fluoride adsorption capacity of cow bone by using chemical activation in place of thermal ...
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Caries affected by calcium and fluoride in drinking water and family income
Water quality and socioeconomics influence caries in populations. This study broadens previous studies on how caries is associated with fluoride and calcium in drinking water and with family income by quantifying the combined effect of the three independent variables. The effects of calcium and fluoride can be described as independent effects of the two ions or, alternatively, in the form of ...
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Using business models in designing market-based solutions: the case of fluoride treatment systems
This paper addresses how business models inform viability of different fluoride treatment technologies for developing countries as well as the pursuit of financial and operational sustainability. Excess fluoride concentrations in drinking water supplies negatively impact the health of communities living in fluoride affected regions of the world by causing dental and skeletal fluorosis and ...
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Defluoridation of groundwater using mixed Mukondeni clay soils
Excess fluoride in drinking water is harmful to human health and therefore it needs to be removed from water before consumption. The potential of locally available mixed Mukondeni clay soils (MMCS) as a cheap adsorbent for the removal of fluoride from aqueous solution was investigated. Characterization of MMCS was done by X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, ...
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Supervised committee machine with artificial intelligence for prediction of fluoride concentration
The study introduces a supervised committee machine with artificial intelligence (SCMAI) method to predict fluoride in ground water of Maku, Iran. Ground water is the main source of drinking water for the area. Management of fluoride anomaly needs better prediction of fluoride concentration. However, the complex hydrogeological characteristics cause difficulties to accurately predict fluoride ...
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Defluoridation of synthetic and natural waters by polyaluminum chloride-chitosan (PACl-Ch) composite coagulant
Removal of fluoride from drinking water by polyaluminum chloride-chitosan (PACl-Ch) composite coagulant was studied in a batch system. Two types of PACl-Ch coagulant were synthetized as PACl-Ch I and PACl-Ch II with chitosan to aluminum (Ch:Al) weight ratios of 0.5 and 1.0, respectively, and were used for defluoridation under different operating conditions. The composite coagulants were found ...
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Adsorption of fluoride from aqueous solution using low cost adsorbent
High fluoride levels beyond the recommended value of 1.5 mg/L have been detected in several groundwater wells in Northern Ghana. This occurrence has led to the capping of many high yielding wells that hitherto have been major sources of drinking water for the populace in these arid areas. Most of the fluoride removal technologies applied in the area has not been versatile in effectively ...
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