drinking water process Articles
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Drinking Water Treatment Process
Most drinking water comes from a surface water source, such as a lake or river, or a groundwater source, such as a well or spring. This water requires treatment before it can be safely consumed; the level to which the water is treated depends on the source of the water and also on federal regulations. In the United States, for example, the Safe Drinking Water Act was created by the Environmental ...
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Drinking rainwater and reusing wastewater
Decentralized systems for drinking water processing could make a significant contribution to the Millennium Development Goals. With the water concept in “self”, Eawag has demonstrated that membrane technology offers the chance to do just that. Lack of drinking water hygiene is one of the main sources of disease transmission worldwide, and in many situations centralized plants cannot ...
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Chemically modified chitosan polymers for bromate removal
Bromate is a harmful byproduct formed during drinking water disinfection processes. In this work, adsorption of bromate by natural chitosan and its chemically modified polymers has been investigated. Bromate adsorption was found between 22.73 mg/g and 43.48 mg/g. Adsorbents were analysed by Fourier transform infrared-ATR spectroscopy. It is suggested that chemical adsorption is the main ...
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Control-design methodology for drinking-water treatment processes
The performance of a drinking-water treatment plant is determined by the control of the plant. To design the appropriate control system, a control-design methodology of five design steps is proposed, which takes the treatment process characteristics into account. For each design step, the necessary actions are defined. Using the methodology for the pellet-softening treatment step, a new control ...
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Water Treatment
Water treatment describes those processes used to make water more acceptable for a desired end-use. These can include use as drinking water, industrial processes, medical and many other uses. The goal of all water treatment process is to remove existing contaminants in the water, or reduce the concentration of such contaminants so the water becomes fit for its desired end-use. ...
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Algae control in SAB Miller Clarifier - Case Study
Several LG Sonic e-line devices were installed in the SAB Miller Clarifier #1 in Tocancipa Brewery, Colombia in order to control filamentous algae. The LG Sonic e-line devices were installed in the summer of 2012. The Challenge: Control Algae and Increase Process Efficiency In the summer of 2012, SAB Miller, Colombia contacted LG Sonic in order to provide a solution for the pertinent growth ...
By LG Sonic
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Comparison of extracts and toxicities of organic compounds in drinking water concentrated by single and composite XAD resins
We compared extracts and toxicities of organic compounds (OCs) in drinking water concentrated by composite XAD-2/8 resin (mixed with an equal volume of XAD-2 and XAD-8 resins) with those extracted by single XAD-2 (non-polar) and XAD-8 (polar) resins. Drinking water was processed from raw water of the Han River and the Yangtze River in Wuhan section, China. The extraction efficiency of all ...
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Seawater desalination for methanex
Methanex has a large methanol production facility in Punta Arenas, Chile. In this region of the world, fresh water is not available, and the facility requires seawater desalination to provide drinking water and process water. When the facility underwent renovation and expansion of their facilities, Aqua-Chem ICD provided a total of five (5) new Once through Multi-stage Flash plants. The Problem ...
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Addition of a magnetite layer onto a polysulfone water treatment membrane to enhance virus removal
The applicability of low-pressure membranes systems in distributed (point of use) water treatment is hindered by, among other things, their inability to remove potentially harmful viruses and ions via size exclusion. According to the USEPA and the Safe Drinking Water Act, drinking water treatment processes must be designed for 4-log virus removal. Batch experiments using magnetite nanoparticle ...
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Seasonal organics variations: effects on the efficiency of water treatment processes
Natural organic matter (NOM) in source water has created a lot of interest in the field of water purification. It is of particular concern for surface water treatment plants since it can produce undesirable disinfection by-products (DBPs), interferes with the performance of water treatment processes such as coagulation, membrane filtration, and oxidation processes, and leads to bacterial ...
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Recycle of waste backwash water in ultrafiltration drinking water treatment processes
In drinking water treatment, ultrafiltration (UF) membrane systems are generally operated at 90 to 95% recovery with production losses resulting from waste residual streams such as backwash water and clean-in-place (CIP) liquid residuals. In drought-prone regions, it may be desirable to apply alternative UF plant design configurations to increase recovery rates and minimize water loss. This ...
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Drinking water treatment - understanding the processes and meeting the challenges
On and follow Natural organic matter (NOM) derived from soil and vegetation in water catchments is the key factor influencing most, if not all water treatment processes. The structure of the NOM and its involvement in water treatment processes requires better understanding. It seems likely that a better understanding of NOM reactions could lead to far better predictive capacity for water ...
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Organophosphate Pesticide Degradation Under Drinking Water Treatment Conditions
Chlorpyrifos (CP) was used as a model compound to develop experimental methods and prototype modeling tools to forecast the fate of organophosphate (OP) pesticides under drinking water treatment conditions. CP was found to rapidly oxidize to chlorpyrifos oxon (CPO) in the presence of free chlorine. The primary oxidant is hypochlorous acid (HOCl); thus, oxidation is more rapid at lower pH (i.e., ...
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Efficiency of conventional drinking water treatment process in the removal of endosulfan, ethylenethiourea, and 1,2,4-triazole
The aim of this work was to study the removal of three pesticides using conventional drinking water treatment (DWT) processes. These methods are the most used in Brazil, and include coagulation–flocculation of water. The pesticides/metabolites evaluated were: endosulfan, ethylenethiourea (ETU), and 1,2,4-triazole. The laboratory tests were carried out in triplicate using the jar test. ...
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Assessment of the value of NOM treatment processes based on a matter-element model
Research into natural organic matter (NOM) removal in drinking water treatment processes is mostly independent, distributed, disconnected and unable to meet the needs of technology application; therefore, an assessment of the value of NOM treatment processes is necessary. In this paper, a hybrid evaluation model based on rough set theory and a matter-element model was used to evaluate the ...
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The GWT Difference: Filtration Systems for Drinking Water & Wastewater Treatment
Genesis Water Technologies, Inc. (GWT) wants to see our clients succeed in their efforts to sustainably reduce costs in their drinking water as well as wastewater treatment & reuse efforts. Therefore, when we design our filtration systems, we use the best and most environmentally sustainable methods available. However, there is more to GWT that what we use, it’s how we use it.Below, is a list ...
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UVT 101: Everything you need to know about UV transmittance for UV disinfection
ABOUT UVT UV transmittance, UV transmission or UVT is a measurement of the amount of ultraviolet light (commonly at 254 nm due to its germicidal effect) that passes through a water sample compared to the amount of light that passes through a pure water sample. To measure UVT, ultraviolet light at 254 nm is passed through a 10 mm quartz cell containing the sample water. The intensity of attenuated ...
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Adsorption/reduction of N-dimethylnitrosamine from aqueous solution using nano zero-valent iron nanoparticles supported on ordered mesoporous silica
N-Dimethylnitrosamine (NDMA) has aroused increasing concern among public health agencies. It is necessary to develop some effective methods to remove NDMA from drinking water. A reductive process has been investigated as an alternative treatment method for NDMA removal from water. In this manuscript, zero-valent iron nanoparticles (ZVINPs) were synthesized, and then supported on ...
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Understanding the behaviour of molecular weight fractions of natural organic matter to improve water treatment processes
Water utilities have experienced increasing pressure to minimise the formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs), as reflected in the increasingly stringent regulations and guidelines for the concentrations of DBPs in drinking water. Understanding the disinfection characteristics and molecular weight (MW) distribution of natural organic matter (NOM) will assist in the optimisation of drinking ...
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Fouling analysis of polysulfone ultrafiltration membranes used for drinking water treatment
Natural organic matter (NOM) plays a significant role in the fouling of ultrafiltration membranes in drinking water treatment processes. For a better understanding of the interaction between fractional components of NOM and polysulfone (PS) ultrafiltration membranes used for drinking water treatment, fouling and especially the physically irreversible fouling of natural organic matter were ...
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