ecotoxicology risk Articles
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Short communication: Cadmium bioconcentration and genotoxicity in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio)
Heavy metals in the aquatic environment pose high ecotoxicological risk to fish. Cadmium is one of the most abundant pollutants in freshwater bodies in Argentina. An evaluation was performed of the responses of several exposure biomarkers of juvenile Cyprinus carpio exposed during five days to sublethal cadmium (0.5 mgL−1) and cyclophosphamide (5 mgL−1). The assessment involved evaluating the ...
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Levels and distribution of organochlorine pesticides in surface sediment after flood season from the old Yellow River Estuary, China
Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are characterized by ubiquity, bioaccumulation and persistence in the environment and are of worldwide concern. Sixteen surface sediment samples were analyzed for hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) to provide information on the levels, distribution and sources of these compounds after flood season in the old Yellow River ...
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Distribution and characteristic of PAHs in sediments from the southwest Caspian Sea, Guilan Province, Iran
Contamination by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the southwest Caspian Sea was assessed by examination of 45 sediment samples, collected from the coasts of the Guilan Province in 2012 and analyzed for 29 PAHs. The concentrations of PAHs were in the range of 232.1–1,014 ng g−1 dry weight (mean 520 ± 246.4 ng g−1). The predominance of alkyl-substituted ...
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Sublethal effects of the beta‐blocker sotalol at environmentally relevant concentrations on the New Zealand mud‐snail Potamopyrgus antipodarum
Monitoring sublethal effects of pharmaceuticals on non‐target species in aquatic environments has become an important topic in ecotoxicology, yet there are few studies concerning the effects of beta‐blockers on aquatic organisms. We investigated the effects of the beta‐blocker sotalol at three environmentally relevant concentrations on life‐history traits of the New Zealand mud‐snail ...
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Toxicological and ecotoxicological risk‐based prioritization of pharmaceuticals in the natural environment
Approximately 1500 active pharmaceutical ingredients are currently in use; however, the environmental occurrence and impacts of only a small proportion of these have been investigated. Recognizing that it would be impractical to monitor and assess all pharmaceuticals that are in use, several previous studies have proposed the use of prioritization approaches to identify substances of most ...
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Response of bacteria and meiofauna to iron oxide colloids in sediments of freshwater microcosms
The use of colloidal iron oxide (FeOx) in the bioremediation of groundwater contamination implies its increasing release into the environment and requires an assessment of its ecotoxicological risk. Therefore, microcosm experiments were carried out to investigate the impact of ferrihydrite colloids (Fh‐Col) on the bacterial and meiofaunal communities of pristine freshwater sediments. The ...
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Controlling urban stormwater pollution by constructed wetlands: a Canadian perspective
During the past 20 years, Constructed Stormwater Wetlands (CSWWs) have attained broad acceptance in Canada as effective measures for stormwater management. CSWWs are used mainly for improving stormwater quality by providing sufficient treatment volumes in shallow permanent pools. This leads to high requirements for land, which is one of the constraints on CSWWs use. Even though CSWWs perform less ...
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Extraction of sediment‐associated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with granular activated carbon
Addition of activated carbon (AC) to sediments has been proposed as a method to reduce ecotoxicological risks of sediment‐bound contaminants. The present study explores the effectiveness of granular AC (GAC) in extracting polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) from highly contaminated sediments. Four candidate GAC materials were screened in terms of PAH extraction efficiency using single‐step ...
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Semifield testing of a bioremediation tool for atrazine‐contaminated soils: Evaluating the efficacy on soil and aquatic compartments
The present study evaluated the bioremediation efficacy of a cleanup tool for atrazine‐contaminated soils (Pseudomonas sp. ADP plus citrate [P. ADP + CIT]) at a semifield scale, combining chemical and ecotoxicological information. Three experiments representing worst‐case scenarios of atrazine contamination for soil, surface water (due to runoff), and groundwater (due to leaching) were performed ...
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Development and implementation of indices for the quality of treated effluent
The developed monitoring and evaluation system is based on 113 chemical, ecotoxicological and microbiological/virological parameters and consists of two complimentary schemes: a) the traditional one, which provides technical or legal oriented information and is based on the independent evaluation of each parameter against legal limits, and b) the amoeba-effluent yardstick which provides ...
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Neptune project deliverable D5.2
Conclusion of the workshop about the revision of the WFD priority substances The list of priority substances chosen for the evaluation of the chemical status of water bodies as described in the water framework directive (WFD) will be revised in certain intervals (e.g. 4 years). The criteria of the revision procedure are under discussion. In the past a variety of different selection criteria were ...
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Improving reptile ecological risk assessment: Oral and dermal toxicity of pesticides to a common lizard species (Sceloporus occidentalis)
Reptiles have been understudied in ecotoxicology which limits consideration in ecological risk assessments. The goal of this research was threefold: to improve oral and dermal dosing methodologies for reptiles, to generate reptile toxicity data for pesticides, and to correlate reptile and avian toxicity. We first assessed the toxicity of different dosing vehicles: 100 µL of water, propylene ...
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The ecosystem perspective in ecotoxicology as a way forward for the ecological risk assessment of chemicals
One of the objectives of the European Union's (EU) ecological risk assessment of chemicals (ERA) is to derive maximum environmental concentrations that are not expected to cause adverse ecological effects. To this end, related EU directives list protection goals as well as guidelines that should be used to reach these goals. It is generally accepted that the individual‐level endpoints on which ...
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