emissions model Articles
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Static and dynamic instantaneous emission modelling
Emission models can be categorised into three categories: average speed models; traffic situation models, used at macro-scale or meso-scale level (national, regional, city level); and instantaneous (modal) models, useful at micro-scale level (street, vehicle level). To improve the existing instantaneous emission models, some preconditions must be fulfilled: the emission signals should be measured ...
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Magnetic-emission model of catalytic fuel oxidation
In the following paper, the magnetic-emission model of catalytic fuel oxidation is described. On the basis of this model, the process of methane oxidation of catalytic surface is considered, and the method of efficient adsorption of catalytic radiation is presented.Keywords: catalytic surface, catalytic fuel combustion, magnetic-emission model, catalytic radiation, efficient adsorption, catalytic ...
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The role of temperature in tropospheric ozone
After evaluating some meteorological simulations, we detect an error of over 5°C in surface temperature. In order to assess the effect of this anomaly in temperature, we perform new simulations of an emission model and a photochemical model using the correct surface temperature in the meteorological data. Our goal is not to solve the problem in surface temperature estimates, but to reveal how it ...
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An assessment of urban VOC emissions and concentrations by comparing model results and measurements
From September 1994 to June 1996, the city of Antwerp carried out a volatile organic compound (VOC) measurement campaign in the urban agglomeration of Antwerp. The results were used to further validate a traffic emission model for the city of Antwerp and to evaluate the performance of three different "street canyon" models that were applied to calculate benzene concentrations at ten ...
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NO x emission model of turbofan engine
During last decade a lot of investigations also focused on the evaluation of aircraft engine impact on local and regional air quality in the vicinity of the airport. The emission inventory of aircraft engines are usually calculated on the basis of certificated emission indexes, which is provided by the engine manufacturer and reported in the database of ICAO. The certificated emission indices ...
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Modelling fuel consumption and pollutant emissions based on real-world driving patterns: the HBEFA approach
Emissions of passenger cars and light-duty vehicles with complex exhaust gas after-treatment are difficult to predict, especially if the prediction is only based on kinematic parameters without vehicle-specific data. A new method for modelling fleet emission factors based on testbench data is presented. It has been used for modern passenger cars and light-duty vehicles (EURO-2 and -3) in the new ...
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LCP/IRP strategy development using an optimising energy-emission model
This paper proposes an energy-emission modelling approach for the development of least-cost planning and integrated resource planning strategies for electric utilities, and presents results of the model application to the municipal electric utilities of Karlsruhe and Rottweil. The LCP/IRP strategy employed is based on the regulatory practice in Germany, also with regard to liberalisation issues. ...
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A congestion sensitive approach to modelling road networks for air quality management
This research establishes an approach to modelling a congested road network for air quality management, which enables the assessment of traffic management solutions that may create only subtle changes in the traffic flow regimes. Road network emissions have been calculated using standard factors taking into account details of vehicle fleet composition, average speeds and road type. Additionally, ...
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Mercury Emissions From The Disposal of Fluorescent Lamps
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is making available to the public a study containing information relating to its Proposed Rule addressing the management of mercury-containing lamps under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Subtitle C hazardous waste management system published in the Federal Register on July 27, 1994, 59 FR 39288. The study consists of an electronic model and ...
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Impact of energy efficiency upgrade retrofits on the residential energy consumption and Greenhouse Gas emissions in Canada
The impact of various energy efficiency upgrade scenarios on the annual energy consumption and Greenhouse Gas emissions of the Canadian housing stock is assessed using the Canadian Residential Energy End-use Model (CREEM). The energy efficiency upgrade scenarios that are considered include major retrofits, such as the improvement of the house envelope by adding insulation, and the replacement of ...
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Real options and CO 2 reduction policies for climate change
Managing CO 2 emission control policy is a complex problem because of uncertainties in CO 2 emission process and CO 2 uptake, and irreversibility in investment decisions. Traditional method using benefit cost analysis for evaluation of CO 2 reduction policy is not effective in presence of deep uncertainties. Real options analysis approach is an alternative methodology which incorporates ...
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Application to Northern Italy of a new modelling system for air quality planning: a comparison between different chemical mechanisms
A modelling system has been developed for the analysis of photochemical pollution. It is composed of three modules: CALMET meteorological model, POEM-PM emission model and TCAM model. The system can accommodate chemical schemes based on both lumped molecule and lumped structure approaches. Application to an intense ozone production episode occurred in northern Italy has been performed. The ...
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Prescribed burn smoke impact in the Lake Tahoe Basin: model simulation and field verification
Smoke dispersion modelling based on the Fire Emission Production Simulator and the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (FEPS-HYSPLIT) model was applied to prescribed burns in the Lake Tahoe Basin (LTB) during fall 2011. This, in conjunction with measurements at sources and real-time ambient PM 2.5 monitoring around LTB, served to evaluate the prescribed burning impacts on ...
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Real-World Vehicle Emissions: A Summary of the 15th Coordinating Research Council On-Road Vehicle Emissions Workshop
ABSTRACT The Coordinating Research Council held its 15th workshop in April 2005, with nearly 90 presentations describing the most recent mobile source-related emissions research. In this paper, the authors summarize the presentations from researchers who are engaged in improving our understanding of the contribution of mobile sources to air quality. Participants in the workshop discussed ...
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Real-world vehicle emissions
The Coordinating Research Council (CRC) convened its 18th On-Road Vehicle Emissions Workshop March 31–April 2, 2008, with 104 presentations describing the most recent mobile source-related emissions research. In this paper we summarize the presentations from researchers whose efforts are improving our understanding of the contribution of mobile sources to air quality. Participants in the workshop ...
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Attributiveness of a mass flow analysis model for integrated water resources assessment under data-scarce conditions
Nutrients in river systems originate from multiple emission sources, follow various pathways, and are subject to processes of conversion and fate. One approach to tackle this complexity is to apply balance-oriented models. Although these models operate on a coarse temporal and spatial scale, they are capable of assessing the significance of the different emission sources and their results can ...
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Real-World Vehicle Emissions: A Summary of the Sixteenth Coordinating Research Council On-Road Vehicle Emissions Workshop
ABSTRACTThe Coordinating Research Council held its 16th workshop in March 2006, with 83 presentations describing the most recent mobile source-related emissions research. In this paper, we summarize the presentations from researchers who are engaged in improving our understanding of the contribution of mobile sources to air quality. Participants in the workshop discussed evaluation of inuse ...
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Real-World Vehicle Emissions: A Summary of the 14th Coordinating Research Council On-Road Vehicle Emissions Workshop
The Coordinating Research Council held its 14th Vehicle Emissions Workshop in March 2004, where results of the most recent on-road vehicle emissions research were presented. We summarize ongoing work from researchers who are engaged in improving our understanding of the contribution of mobile sources to ambient air quality andemission inventories. Participants in the workshop discussed efforts to ...
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Characterising emissions from private passenger vehicles using engine operating patterns
A method to simulate emissions factors using frequency distribution plots of engine speed and engine load is proposed. The distribution plots and corresponding emissions factors were developed from speed time series' of real-world driving cycles and physical properties of a range of private passenger vehicles tested at the EMPA. Emissions factors were estimated for a set of simultaneously ...
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WRF evaluation exercise using open sea in situ measurements
This work regards a model evaluation exercise concerning the WRF meteorological model and in situ measurements collected both over land, at four WMO meteorological stations, and over open sea, by ODAS Italia 1, the only spar buoy in the Mediterranean Sea. In particular, this exercise is finalised to understand the ability of the model to act as meteorological pre–processor to simulate aerosol ...
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