emissions reduction Articles
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Emissions reduction with Diesel blending
Diesel technologies are develops by huge rates. Modification of cars with diesel engines make a half of the new cars sold in Europe. The black smoke, noisy engine operation and unpleasant smell remained far in the past. Today diesel engines present not only profitability, but also high capacity and worthy dynamic characteristics. Quality of fuel also is changed. The modern diesel blending has ...
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Emissions Reduction with Diesel Blending
Diesel technologies are develops by huge rates. Modification of cars with diesel engines make a half of the new cars sold in Europe. The black smoke, noisy engine operation and unpleasant smell remained far in the past. Today diesel engines present not only profitability, but also high capacity and worthy dynamic characteristics. Quality of fuel also is changed. The modern diesel blending has ...
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Peatlands: hotspots for emissions reductions
Peatlands play a critical role in climate regulation, storing twice as much carbon as the entire world’s forest biomass and emitting large amounts of carbon when drained. Peat carbon stocks are distributed worldwide. The mitigation potential is very significant, but possible future possible emissions as well if no rapid action is taken to protect and restore them. The UNFCCC provides ...
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EU emissions reduction strategy
The task To work with ECOFYS in the Netherlands and NTUA in Greece to identify ways to help the European Union reduce greenhouse gas emissions. How we helped Under the Kyoto Protocol, the European Union agreed that, by 2010, greenhouse gas emissions would be reduced by 8% compared with 1990 levels. AEA Energy & Environment* was asked by the European Commission to identify how the ...
By Ricardo plc
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Kyoto mistakes
The Kyoto Protocol conflicts with a rational view of what short-term climate policy should achieve. Chosen emission reduction targets conflict with individual and social interests, and will therefore be hard to reach. Possibilities to cheat on the agreement are plentiful. Methane emission reduction may help to meet the short-term aims, but does not contribute to the ultimate objective.Keywords: ...
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Endogenous learning in European post-Kyoto scenarios: results from applying the market equilibrium model PRIMES
This paper describes the endogenous technical change mechanism that has been incorporated in the PRIMES model and the main quantitative results in post Kyoto CO2 emission reduction scenarios for the EU energy system. The first section presents the learning mechanism as incorporated in the PRIMES model. Section 2 deals with the definition of alternative learning regimes in PRIMES and their impacts ...
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Benchmark selection impact and uncertainty in emission reductions for selected case study projects
The efficiency of Joint Implementation (JI) and the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) can be seriously harmed as investors and hosts of JI/CDM investments are trying to maximise emission reduction credits. The easiest way to invoke gaming in emission reductions is the selection of an overestimated baseline and credit "non-real" emission reductions. The baseline which is inherently a ...
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International cooperation to support climate change mitigation and sustainable development
This paper analyses the flexible instruments Joint Implementation (JI) and Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) with regard to achieving CO2 emission reduction targets in a sustainable way. In a first step, an optimising energy and material flow model is used to elaborate emission reduction strategies for Germany. The same methodology is then applied to Indonesia in order to determine the emission ...
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Technological potentials for CO2 emission reduction in the global iron and steel industry
The goal of this paper is to quantify baseline emissions and to analyse CO2 global emission reduction potentials in the iron and steel life cycle. First the paper discusses current CO2 emissions in the global iron and steel industry. Next, the global emission reduction potentials are analysed. According to this study, global CO2 emissions in the life cycle of iron and steel amounted to 2100-2450 ...
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Carbon emission trading in India and Sri Lanka
Kyoto Protocol has established three trading mechanisms, namely International Emission Trading (IET), Joint Implementation (JI) and Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) which enable industrialised countries to achieve carbon emission reduction targets as economically as possible. Out of these three mechanisms, CDM is the most important mechanism for the developing countries. CDM allows the carbon ...
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Kyoto and technology at the European Union: costs of emission reduction under flexibility mechanisms and technology progress
This paper presents the analysis of the consequences of CO2 emission reduction policies, as derived, in a European Union perspective, from the Kyoto Protocol for the 2010 horizon. The first section provides a thorough assessment, based on the PRIMES model results, of the marginal and total costs of compliance to the Kyoto Protocol for a "no trading" case and for two cases of emission trading, ...
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Emission reductions under the American clean energy and security act
This analysis provides an assessment of reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions relative to total U.S. emissions that could be achieved by cap-and-trade proposals currently submitted in the 111th Congress. A full description of the methods and assumptions behind this analysis can be found in the Appendix of the PDF document. This assessment is an update to a previous analysis released on ...
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Model analyses of long and short term pollution emission reduction
Climate change is influenced not only by the emissions of greenhouse gases, but also by the emissions of air pollutants which influence each other through complex interactions in the atmosphere. Reducing emissions could be one way to react and prevent negative impacts from climate change. Because these reductions must take place in the face of economic growth, there is a disagreement about the ...
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The scope of the land–based sector to mitigate climate change in North–east Scotland: opportunities and challenges with particular reference to the role of forests
This paper reviews the scope for the rural land use sector to support emissions reduction with particular reference to the role of forestry. A bottom–up approach is adopted to explore the relative contribution of different land–based activities in the region and explore the Scottish policy context and the scope for emissions reduction through new tree planting. It is concluded that the ...
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Improving the clean development mechanism with sustainability-rating and rewarding system
As the world contemplates a post-Kyoto Protocol climate change policy architecture, some key observations of the clean development mechanism (CDM) remind us that climate change policies should be linked more closely to the promotion of sustainability. A sustainability-rated CDM (SR-CDM) is proposed in this paper; it applies the gold standard as a way of assessing the sustainability value of ...
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European Union post-Kyoto scenarios: benefits from accelerated technology progress
This paper addresses the issue of the potential benefits from technological change in post Kyoto CO2 emission reduction scenarios for the EU energy system. The first section provides an assessment, based on the PRIMES model results, of the changes that will occur in a post Kyoto context for the EU energy system. The second section considers the contribution and the benefits of accelerating the ...
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Assessing the benefits of the greenhouse gas emission reduction policy: a pilot case study of Korea
Reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to avert or slow climate change has become an increasingly important policy issue in developing countries such as Korea, as well as in developed countries. This paper uses the willingness to pay survey technique to assess the benefits that would ensue from a proposed OHO emissions reduction policy. It aims to provide at least a preliminary evaluation of the ...
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Designing “Measurable” Post-2020 emissions reduction commitments
As climate negotiations kick off this week in Warsaw, Poland (COP 19), the stakes are high. The recently published UNEP Emissions Gap Report finds that countries are falling woefully short of the action required to avoid the worst effects of climate change. Designing an international climate agreement that can reduce global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions over the coming decades will be a key ...
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The timing of CO2 emissions reductions: the debate revisited
Almost two years before the Kyoto conference, Wigley et al. (1996) published a paper that claimed not only that delaying emissions reductions would be compatible with eventual stabilization of atmospheric concentrations of CO2, but also that it would be less costly than early abatement. Four arguments were raised in favour of their conclusion. Nevertheless, in Kyoto, policy-makers decided to ...
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Three-dimensional modelling of photochemical air pollution in Switzerland and comparison with a multi-parcel Lagrangian model
The photochemical smog situation in Switzerland on 29 July, 1993 was simulated using the 3-D grid model UAM (Urban Airshed Model) and the results were compared with those of a multi-parcel Lagrangian model. Sensitivity analyses concerning initial conditions, emissions, deposition, biogenic volatile organic compounds (VOC), and emission reductions were carried out. Results were compared with field ...
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