environmental sampling Articles
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Book Review: Fundamentals of Environmental Sampling and Analysis by Chunlong Zhang
Fundamentals of Environmental Sampling and Analysis, by Chunlong Zhang. New York, John Wiley and Sons, 2007. 436pp. ISBN 978-0-471-71097-4Keywords: book ...
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Concentration and solvent recovery of environmental samples in dichloromethane
Environmental samples are usually extracted with an organic solvent which is then concentrated prior to final analysis. In this short note, initial conditions and evaporation settings for the parallel concentration of samples dissolved in dichloromethane (DCM) having different starting volumes are presented. These settings have been optimized for high analyte and high solvent recoveries. ...
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Comparison of culture-based, vital stain and PMA-qPCR methods for the quantitative detection of viable hookworm ova
Accurate quantitative measurement of viable hookworm ova from environmental samples is the key to controlling hookworm re-infections in the endemic regions. In this study, the accuracy of three quantitative detection methods [culture-based, vital stain and propidium monoazide-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PMA-qPCR)] was evaluated by enumerating 1,000 ± 50 Ancylostoma caninum ova in ...
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Host ranges of listeria-specific bacteriophages from the turkey processing plant environment in the united states
Even though at least 400 Listeria phages have been isolated from various sources, limited information is available on phages from the food processing plant environment. Phages in the processing plant environment may play critical roles in determining the Listeria population that becomes established in the plant. In this study, we pursued the isolation of Listeria-specific phages from ...
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A simple, efficient method for the separation of humic substances and DNA from environmental samples
Three different gels (Sepharose 4B, Sephadex G-200, and Sephadex G-50) were evaluated as a means of removing humic contaminants from DNA extracts of environmental samples. Sepharose 4B gave superior separation of DNA from humics, and DNA purified in this way showed consistently greater amplification than DNA purified by the other ...
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GPR survey to delineate edges of USTs at a gas station
PROJECT: GPR survey with confirmatory drilling LOCATION: Moyie Springs, Idaho PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Performed a saturation GPR survey of an active gas station, to identify / locate the edges and ends of three inactive closed-in-place USTs. Performed onsite instrument "calibration" with active UST, to establish reliable depth estimates. Recommended desired drilling locations (within 2-3 feet of ...
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Comparison of droplet digital PCR and quantitative PCR for the detection of Salmonella and its application for river sediments
Despite advances in microbial detection that quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) has led to, complex environmental samples, such as sediments, remain a challenge due to presence of PCR inhibitors. Aquatic sediments accumulate particle-bound microbial contaminants and thereby reflect a cumulative microbial load over time. The relatively new droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) has emerged as ...
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A new approach based on polynomial functions for measuring the acute toxicity of environmental samples
In this paper, a new mathematical approach for the estimation of acute toxicity in environmental samples is proposed. The concentration of pollutant or the amount of sample producing the inhibition of 50% of the living organisms used for the test (EC50) is determined by means of Polynomial Functions (PF) applied to the experimental x (concentration of pollutant) and y (concentration or number of ...
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Detection of Bacillus anthracis spores in postal and environmental samples in cases of suspected bioterrorism
From October 2001 to the end of 2004, a series of postal samples containing material suspected of containing Bacillus anthracis spores were examined. Environmental samples from dwelling places of some addressees and laboratory areas, including equipment, were also examined. Classical culture methods for isolation and identification were slightly modified and conformed to environmental samples. ...
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Fast Analysis of Environmental Samples, Using Solid-Phase Microextraction (SPME)
Solid Phase MicroExtraction (SPME) is an alternative to conventional sample extraction techniques. In SPME, analytes establish an equilibrium between the sample matrix and a stationary phase coated on a fused silica fiber (Figure A). The fiber is thermally desorbed in the injection port of the GC, which transfers the analytes into the capillary column. Because no solvent is injected, and the ...
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Ultra-fast LC-MS/MS Analysis of PFAS in Environmental Samples
There is increasing concern about the persistence and effects of Per- and Polyfluorinated Alkyl Substances (PFAS) in the environment. This white paper summarizes the state-of-the-art analytical methods for monitoring PFAS and demonstrates the use, speed and performance of Shimadzu Ultra-fast Mass Spectrometry (UFMS) for PFAS analysis in environmental waters. The described method consists of a ...
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Dioxins and Furans on the Equity-5
Dioxins and furans are byproducts of several different industrial processes, including incineration and paper bleaching. The extreme toxicity of several of these compounds has made their analysis in environmental samples increasingly important. In this application, the 60m x 0.25mm ID x 0.25µm Equity-5 was used to separate all 17 of the 2,3,7,8-substituted PCDDs and PCDFs listed in US EPA ...
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Improved derivatization protocol for simultaneous determination of alkylphenol ethoxylates and brominated flame retardants followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses
An improved derivatization protocol for the simultaneous determination of alkylphenol ethoxylates and brominated flame retardants with heptafluorobutyric anhydride under triethylamine amine base was investigated. The derivatization reaction was completed in 30 min at 50 °C using hexane as solvent. Under these conditions, it was observed that alkylphenol ethoxylates and ...
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Increased laboratory productivity for ICPOES applied to U.S. EPA method 6010C
The use of an ESI SC FAST autosampler coupled to a Perkin Elmer Optima 7300 DV ICP can dramatically improve productivity for the analysis of environmental samples using EPA SW-846 Method 6010C. Sample throughput, as determined by sample-to-sample run time can be improved by as much as 100% as compared to traditional sample introduction systems and autosampler configurations. Both sample analysis ...
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Simple and efficient ion imprinted polymer for recovery of uranium from environmental samples
Ion imprinted polymer material (IIP) was prepared by forming ternary complexes of uranyl imprint ion with 1-(prop-2-en-1-yl)-4-(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)piperazine and methacrylic acid followed by thermal copolymerization with ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as the cross-linking monomer in the presence of 1,1′-azobis(cyclohexanecarbonitrile) initiator and 2-methoxy ethanol porogenic solvent. HCl ...
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Theoretical Considerations on the use of solid-phase microextraction with complex environmental samples
Untitled Document The equations governing the use of equilibrium solidphase microextraction (SPME) for environmental samples with complex heterogeneous matrices were derived in terms of parameters commonly measured or estimated by environmental scientists. Parameterization of the SPME equations allowed for the a priori prediction of SPME performance as a function of ...
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Stability of Fe-oxide nanoparticles coated with natural organic matter under relevant environmental conditions
Manufactured nanoparticles (MNPs) are increasingly released into the environment and thus research on their fate and behaviour in complex environmental samples is urgently needed. The fate of MNPs in the aquatic environment will mainly depend on the physico-chemical characteristics of the medium. The presence and concentration of natural organic matter (NOM) will play a significant role on the ...
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Increased laboratory productivity for ICPOES applied to U.S. EPA method 6010C
The use of an ESI SC FAST autosampler coupled to a Perkin Elmer Optima 7300 DV ICP can dramatically improve productivity for the analysis of environmental samples using EPA SW-846 Method 6010C. Sample throughput, as determined by sample-to-sample run time can be improved by as much as 100% as compared to traditional sample introduction systems and autosampler configurations. Both sample analysis ...
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Low Level Determination of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Environmental Samples, Using GC/MS
Low level analysis of PAHs is required to attain various clean-up limits for environmental regulations. The ability to maximize GC/MS instrument conditions to meet lower reporting levels results in a more efficient and reliable determination of these analytes. The following analysis provides the necessary sensitivity and selectivity. The procedure requires that the parameters for GC as well as MS ...
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Sensitive nanosilver-based spectrophotometric determination of Brilliant Blue FCF in surface water samples
An accurate method was developed for the determination of Brilliant Blue FCF, a synthetic soluble colorant, in environmental samples. The method is based on the catalytic effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the oxidation of Brilliant Blue FCF by hexacyanoferrate(III) in acetate–acetic acid medium at room temperature. Linearity of around four orders in the magnitude of concentration ...
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