environmental standard Articles
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Sound transit certified for embracing international environmental standards
In the early 1990s, the Washington State Legislature authorized three counties to create a single agency - The Central Puget Sound Regional Transit Authority (Sound Transit) - to plan, build and operate a high-capacity transit system within the region's most heavily traveled corridors. In 1996, voters approved the plan and taxes to fund it. Sound Transit Numbers • Provides transportation ...
By LRQA
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Interest Groups, Trade Liberalization, and Environmental Standards
In considering a country that imposes a minimum standard on an imported polluting good, which generates negative consumption externalities, we construct a common-agency model, in which a domestic environmental group and a foreign industrial lobby can influence the formation of the minimum standard by providing political contributions to the government. This paper investigates the effects of trade ...
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Eco-labels, Trade and Protectionism
Eco-labels are suspected to serve protectionist purposes. We analyze the choice between an environmental standard and a voluntary eco-label scheme in a partial trade model with one domestic firm and one foreign firm. The environmental standard will only apply to the domestic firm, while both firms can adopt the eco-label. Pollution is production related, and domestic consumers demand products ...
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Determination of Environmental Quality Standards Issue
The term "Environmental Quality Standard" (EQS) had been introduced in the Slovak legislation by way of Act No 245/2003 Coll. on integrated pollution prevention and control on the environment and on amendments of certain acts in the meaning of other acts (further as Act on IPPC), and that by receiving from European legislation (IPPC Directive). Similar terms to EQSs, such as standards of the ...
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What are US environmental standards?
The United States has a long and proud history of environmentalism. From the first laws protecting land and rivers in the 19th century to more recent initiatives like the Clean Air Act and Clean Water Act, the US has been a leader in developing legislation to protect the environment. Today, the US leads the world in terms of total environmental spending, with an estimated $9 trillion spent on ...
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DE HSCA Environmental Standards
The Delaware Hazardous Substance Cleanup Act (HSCA): DE HSCA Environmental Standards & Regulations The Delaware Hazardous Substance Cleanup Act (DE HSCA Environmental Standards) environmental standards for risk assessment, clean-up, and remediation planning for polluted sites are determined by the DNREC Division of Waste and Hazardous Substances. These standards enable DNREC to oversee the ...
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Do countries fail to raise environmental standards? An evaluation of policy options addressing "regulatory chill"
It is an important prerequisite of sustainable development that countries are able to raise their environmental standards. Environmentalists are concerned, however, that with enhanced international capital mobility the fear of capital loss might induce countries not to raise standards — a phenomenon commonly described as "regulatory chill". This article argues that while it is difficult to prove ...
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Evolution of Data Center Environmental Standards
The trend in data centers has been increased power density and equipment to cope with the worldwide demand. This results in thermal stress on installed equipment, inefficient cooling systems and increased overhead. As a response to this, it was identified that there was a need to standardize across the industry on standards and best practices. In 2002 AHSRAE created a new technical group ...
By AKCP
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Stakeholder pressures and the global diffusion of the ISO 14001 initiative: a resource dependence perspective
This study examines how the dependence of organisations on external stakeholders leads to the global diffusion of Corporate Environmental Responsibility initiatives. Drawing on resource dependence theory, we propose that the global diffusion of the ISO 14001 initiative is associated with three types of stakeholder pressure: environmental protection, media freedom and trade dependence. Empirical ...
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Risk-Based Environmental Standards for Kansas
The Risk-Based Standards for Kansas is a manual that details the processes of instating site-specific and chemical-specific clean-up goals for groundwater, soil and indoor air (Kansas Department of Health and Environment, 2010). The United States Environmental Protection Agency and other technical resources directives were used to determine the clean-up goals. An Environmental Workgroup ...
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Factors influencing the implementation of environmental management system at Amica-Wronki SA
Many countries in the world have begun developing environmentally friendly manufacturing technologies as a response to the demands of the general public. There are few other areas of the world where the issues surrounding cleaning the environment are more urgent and potentially more costly then in the area of Central and Eastern Europe. Using the case of Amica-Wronki SA, a Polish manufacturer of ...
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Strategic Environmental Policies in the Presence of Foreign Direct Investment
We analyze strategic environmental standards in the presence of foreign direct investment. A number of foreign firms located in a host country compete with a domestic firm in another country to export a homogeneous good to a third country. When the number of foreign firms is exogenous, the host country applies a stricter environmental regulation than the other producing country. However, under ...
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Voluntary Environmental Investment and Responsive Regulation
Instances of corporate voluntary environmental investments have been rising in recent years. Motivations for such activities include corporate image building, regulatory preemption, and production cost savings. While some of these investments arise from industry attempts to set environmental standards where none currently exist, many investments seem to be aimed at reducing the costs of complying ...
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Pennsylvania's US Environmental Standards on Vapor Intrusion
Vapor intrusion occurs due to volatile substances found in groundwater or soil, and they find their way into buildings inhabited by human beings. Vapor phase intrusion of the volatile substances is a threat to human health. The Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (PADEP) provides guidelines and standards used for the evaluation of vapor intrusion under site-specific standard (SSS) ...
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Environmental impacts typology: a methodological proposal
This article suggests an approach to the integration of the environmental dimension in polluting industrial plants based on two genuine cases and on the typology of the significant environmental impacts. It consists of suggesting a methodology for integrating the environmental dimension which is based, first, on setting up some environmental indicators and, then, on deducing the significant ...
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Management of pollution from decentralised agents by local government
We consider a managerial economics problem of controlling pollution caused by decentralised economic agents. We build a mathematical model for a local government aiming at the achievement of certain environmental standards within a relatively short time horizon. The government has financial means that might be spent on subsidies to encourage the polluting agents to build abatement facilities. The ...
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Empirical results and experiences for the estimation of selected nitrogen abatement cost curves in Germany
Empirical results of the calculation of pollution abatement cost curves (ACCs) for different nitrogen compounds are presented for the German economy (1990 database). An evaluation is made of the extent to which the empirical work fits to the theoretical framework and the calculation procedure for ACCs described by Radermacher, Riege-Wcislo and Heinze elsewhere in this issue. The actual data ...
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International Environmental Law Committee Newsletter
The Emerging Role of Private Social and Environmental International Standards in Economic Globalization Over the past two decades, a rapidly increasing number of people have sought to align their social and environmental values with their spending habits. This evolution in commerce encompasses the certified organic food people eat, the shoes and clothes they wear, and the financial ...
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ISO 14001: time for improvements?
The aim of this paper is to discuss a number of issues related to ISO 14001:2004, the international standard for Environmental Management Systems (EMS) with the purpose of improving the next edition in order to recognise and reflect new recognitions in approaches to pollution prevention. A case study is presented and shows lack of life cycle thinking in product development. This paper suggests ...
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