flood model Articles
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A comparative study of different objective functions to improve the flood forecasting accuracy
In the calibration of flood forecasting models, different objective functions and their combinations could lead to different simulation results and affect the flood forecast accuracy. In this paper, the Xinanjiang model was chosen as the flood forecasting model and shuffled complex evolution (SCE-UA) algorithm was used to calibrate the model. The performance of different objective functions ...
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Effects of model schematisation, geometry and parameter values on urban flood modelling
One-dimensional (1D) hydrodynamic models have been used as a standard industry practice for urban flood modelling work for many years. More recently, however, model formulations have included a 1D representation of the main channels and a 2D representation of the floodplains. Since the physical process of describing exchanges of flows with the floodplains can be represented in different ways, the ...
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A methodology for processing raw LiDAR data to support urban flood modelling framework
An assessment has been carried out to study the performance of seven different LiDAR filtering algorithms and to evaluate their suitability for urban flood modelling applications. It was found that none of these algorithms can be regarded as fully suitable to support such work in its present form. The paper presents the augmentation of an existing Progressive Morphological filtering algorithm for ...
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Modelling floods in urban areas and representation of buildings with a method based on adjusted conveyance and storage characteristics
The present paper reviews several approaches that can be used in capturing urban features in coarse resolution two-dimensional (2D) models and it demonstrates the effectiveness of a new approach against the straightforward 2D modelling approach on a hypothetical and a real-life case study work. The case study work addresses the use of coarse grid resolutions in 2D non-inertia models. The 2D ...
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Time-series change detection approach for flood modelling
A remote sensing approach for flood mitigation is presented. Landsat TM satellite imagery and digital topographic sheets were the main datasets for mapping a section of the Qu'Appelle River, located in Southern Saskatchewan, Canada. Three time-series change detection images for periods between 1988-1992, 1992-2000 and 1988-2000 demonstrate that Landsat satellite data are efficient multi-temporal ...
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Flood wave propagation in steep mountain rivers
Most of the recent developments concerning efficient numerical schemes to solve the shallow-water equations in view of real world flood modelling purposes concern the two-dimensional form of the equations or the one-dimensional form written for rectangular, unit-width channels. Extension of these efficient schemes to the one-dimensional cross-sectional averaged shallow-water equations is not ...
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Comparing modelling techniques for analysing urban pluvial flooding
Short peak rainfall intensities cause sewer systems to overflow leading to flooding of streets and houses. Due to climate change and densification of urban areas, this is expected to occur more often in the future. Hence, next to their minor (i.e. sewer) system, municipalities have to analyse their major (i.e. surface) system in order to anticipate urban flooding during extreme rainfall. Urban ...
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The development of a real-time flooding operation model in the Tseng-Wen Reservoir
Typhoon events occur frequently in Taiwan resulting in flood-related disasters. A well-operated reservoir can reduce the severity of a disaster. This study incorporates a genetic algorithm, a river hydraulic model, an artificial neural network and a simulation model of Tseng-Wen Reservoir to propose a real-time flooding operation model. The model includes two parts: an optimal flooding ...
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Simplification of one-dimensional hydraulic networks by automated processes evaluated on 1D/2D deterministic flood models
Evaluation of pluvial flood risk is often based on computations using 1D/2D urban flood models. However, guidelines on choice of model complexity are missing, especially for one-dimensional (1D) network models. This study presents a new automatic approach for simplification of 1D hydraulic networks (SAHM) using trimming and merging techniques, with performance evaluated in a 1D/2D case study. ...
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Methodology of functionality selection for water management software and examples of its application
When developing new software products and adapting existing software, project leaders have to decide which functionalities to keep, adapt or develop. They have to consider that the cost of making errors during the specification phase is extremely high. In this paper a formalised approach is proposed that considers the main criteria for selecting new software functions. The application of this ...
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Development of a diffusive wave shallow water model with a novel stability condition and other new features
One of the approaches to flood modelling is numerical simulation of the diffusive wave approximation of the shallow water equations. Improving these models in various aspects is still an open area of research. In this study, a new diffusive wave model with explicit time integration was developed which includes some novel features: (1) time steps are determined using a novel stability ...
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A methodology for linking 2D overland flow models with the sewer network model SWMM 5.1 based on dynamic link libraries
Pluvial flooding in urban areas is characterized by a gradually varying inundation process caused by surcharge of the sewer manholes. Therefore urban flood models need to simulate the interaction between the sewer network and the overland flow in order to accurately predict the flood inundation extents. In this work we present a methodology for linking 2D overland flow models with the storm ...
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Impact of rainfall data resolution in time and space on the urban flooding evaluation
Climate change and modification of the urban environment increase the frequency and the negative effects of flooding, increasing the interest of researchers and practitioners in this topic. Usually, flood frequency analysis in urban areas is indirectly carried out by adopting advanced hydraulic models to simulate long historical rainfall series or design storms. However, their results are ...
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Calibration of a 1D/1D urban flood model using 1D/2D model results in the absence of field data
Recently increased flood events have been prompting researchers to improve existing coupled flood-models such as one-dimensional (1D)/1D and 1D/two-dimensional (2D) models. While 1D/1D models simulate sewer and surface networks using a one-dimensional approach, 1D/2D models represent the surface network by a two-dimensional surface grid. However their application raises two issues to urban flood ...
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A new modified nonlinear Muskingum model and its parameter estimation using the adaptive genetic algorithm
First, a novel nonlinear Muskingum flood routing model with a variable exponent parameter and simultaneously considering the lateral flow along the river reach (named VEP-NLMM-L) was developed in this research. Then, an improved real-coded adaptive genetic algorithm (RAGA) with elite strategy was applied for precise parameter estimation of the proposed model. The problem was formulated as a ...
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Flood analysis in mixed-urban areas reflecting interactions with the complete water cycle through coupled hydrologic-hydraulic modelling
The potential devastating effects of urban flooding have given high importance to thorough understanding and management of water movement within catchments, and computer modelling tools have found widespread use for this purpose. The state-of-the-art in urban flood modelling is the use of a coupled 1D pipe and 2D overland flow model to simultaneously represent pipe and surface flows. This method ...
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Formulation of a fast 2D urban pluvial flood model using a cellular automata approach
With the increase in frequency and severity of flash flood events in major cities around the world, the infrastructure and people living in those urban areas are exposed continuously to high risk levels of pluvial flooding. The situation is likely to be exacerbated by the potential impact of future climate change. A fast flood model could be very useful for flood risk analysis. One-dimensional ...
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Feasibility and uncertainty of using conceptual rainfall-runoff models in design flood estimation
Hydrological models are developed for different purposes including flood forecasting, design flood estimation, water resources assessment, and impact study of climate change and land use change, etc. In this study, applicability and uncertainty of two deterministic lumped models, the Xinanjiang (XAJ) model and the Hydrologiska Byråns Vattenbalansavdelning (HBV) model, in design flood ...
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Formulation of a fast 2D urban pluvial flood model using a cellular automata approach
With the increase in frequency and severity of flash flood events in major cities around the world, the infrastructure and people living in those urban areas are exposed continuously to high risk levels of pluvial flooding. The situation is likely to be exacerbated by the potential impact of future climate change. A fast flood model could be very useful for flood risk analysis. One-dimensional ...
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Parameter estimation of an improved nonlinear Muskingum model using a new hybrid method
Although various techniques have been proposed to estimate the parameters of different versions of the Muskingum model, more rigorous techniques and models are still required to improve the computational precision of the calibration process. In this research, a new hybrid technique was proposed for Muskingum parameter estimation. Based on the conducted comprehensive literature review on the ...
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