flood simulation Articles
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The potential to improve flood simulation and forecasting
The potential to improve flood simulation and forecasting by the use of predicted rainfall data based on radar measurements (virtual gauge) was investigated in two projects. Thus, water level in water bodies could be forecasted at neuralgic point, based on runoff ...
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Non-negative depth reconstruction for a two-dimensional partial inertial inundation model
This paper proposes a non-negative depth reconstruction method for improving the numerical performance of a partial inertial model (PIM) for applications involving steep-slope and low-friction conditions. The PIM solves the continuity equation of two-dimensional (2D) shallow water equations (SWEs) with the interface fluxes evaluated by a simplified momentum equation that partially restores the ...
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Evacuation of aged persons from inundated underground space
Underground is an important space that supports function of cities, such as subways, shopping malls and basement parking. However in consequence a new type of disaster, the "urban flood" menaces these spaces. In the last decade, urban floods struck Tokyo, Nagoya and Fukuoka. When underground inundation occurs, people must evacuate to the ground as soon as possible. But, when such an inundation ...
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Large-scale flooding analysis in the suburbs of Tokyo Metropolis caused by levee breach of the Tone River using a 2D hydrodynamic model
In order to assess the effects of climate change on flood disasters in urban areas, we applied a two dimensional finite element hydrodynamic model (2D-FEM) to simulate flood processes for the case analysis of levee breach caused by Kathleen Typhoon on 16 September 1947 in Kurihashi reach of Tone River, upstream of Tokyo area. The purpose is to use the model to simulate flood inundation processes ...
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A high-performance integrated hydrodynamic modelling system for urban flood simulations
A new High-Performance Integrated hydrodynamic Modelling System (Hi-PIMS) is tested for urban flood simulation. The software solves the two-dimensional shallow water equations using a first-order accurate Godunov-type shock-capturing scheme incorporated with the Harten, Lax and van Leer approximate Riemann solver with the contact wave restored (HLLC) for flux evaluation. The benefits of modern ...
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Flood forecasting that considers the impact of hydraulic projects by an improved TOPMODEL model in the Wudaogou basin, Northeast China
Many hydraulic projects such as reservoirs, ponds and paddy fields as well as soil and water conservation engineering projects have been constructed to improve utilization of water resources upstream of the Wudaogou station basin in Northeast China in recent years. As a result, the local hydrological characteristics of the basin and the flood runoff and process have been changed. These ...
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Chemical flooding optimisation using the experimental design approach and response surface methodology
One of the most effective methods of enhanced oil recovery is chemical flooding. This process can significantly increase the oil recovery; however, it involves high risks and uncertainties. We determined the optimal chemical flooding design, which is the maximum of the net present value (NPV), using the UT_IRSP platform and an in–house chemical flooding simulator, as well as the application of ...
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Evaluation of the effect of land use/cover change on flood characteristics using an integrated approach coupling land and flood analysis
Land use/cover change (LUCC) is one of the crucial factors influencing the hydrological process, thus the flood characteristics in time and space. Therefore the evaluation of the change of flood characteristics implies an integrated analysis of LUCC and hydraulic simulation. In this study, the effect of LUCC on flood is examined based on an approach composed of three parts: (1) reproduction ...
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A reliable rainfall–runoff model for flood forecasting: review and application to a semi-urbanized watershed at high flood risk in Italy
Many rainfall–runoff (RR) models are available in the scientific literature. Selecting the best structure and parameterization for a model is not straightforward and depends on a broad number of factors, including climatic conditions, catchment characteristics, temporal/spatial resolution and model objectives. In this study, the RR model ‘Modello Idrologico Semi-Distribuito in continuo’ ...
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Assessing potential flood vulnerability to climate change by CMIP3 and CMIP5 models: case study of the 2011 Thailand great flood
The 2011 monsoon season was exceptionally heavy, leading to extensive and long-lasting flooding in the Chao Phraya river basin. Flooding was exacerbated by rapid expansion of urban areas into flood plains and was the costliest natural disaster in the country's history, with direct damages estimated at US$ 45 billion. The present study examines the flood behavior in 2011 and flood impact from ...
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Neural network approach to output updating for the physically–based model of the Upper Thames River watershed
This study presents an output updating procedure for the deterministic physically–based model of the Upper Thames River watershed, Ontario, Canada. In addition to streamflow and rainfall, this procedure uses as inputs meteorological variables not employed in the model calibration. The main hydrological processes involved in transformation of rainfall into runoff are mathematically expressed using ...
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A GIS-supported 3D approach for flood risk assessment of the Qu'Appelle River, Southern Saskatchewan
This research introduces a hybrid approach for flood risk assessment through GIS. The developed approach is based on the integration of hydraulic simulation and GIS analysis, which allows spatial-based visualisation and prediction of flood disaster. In particular, the Hydraulic Engineering Center River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) model is employed to simulate multi-scenario flood cases within a ...
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Streamline based black–oil simulation and its application to waterflooding
Finite–difference method is widely used for solving large–scale multiphase displacement problems. Drawbacks of finite difference methods are numerical dispersion, grid orientation, small time step size, and large computation time. To overcome these problems, streamline methods are being developed in which fluid is transported along the streamlines instead of the finite difference grid. This paper ...
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Stochastic simulation for determining the design flood of cascade reservoir systems
Stochastic simulation is widely applied for estimating the design flood of various hydrosystems. The design flood at a reservoir site should consider the impact of upstream reservoirs, along with any development of hydropower. This paper investigates and applies a stochastic simulation approach for determining the design flood of a complex cascade of reservoirs in the Longtan watershed, southern ...
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Urban pluvial flooding in Jakarta: applying state-of-the-art technology in a data scarce environment
Available data relating to major pluvial flooding events in Jakarta, Indonesia were used to investigate the suitability of two different levels of sophistication in urban modelling tools for modelling these events. InfoWorks CS v9.0 was employed to build 1D and 1D/2D models of a 541 ha area of inner city Ciliwung River catchment which has a history of being particularly badly affected by flooding ...
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Effect of water level regulation on gradients and levee deposits in the Lake Øyeren delta, Norway
Water level changes resulting from a hydropower regulation have influenced water flow, gradients and sediment processes in the Lake Øyeren delta for about 150 years. They are reflected in the morphology of the islands on the delta plain. Under current regulation practices, water levels during the mean annual flood are maintained at about 1 m lower than during the previous regime prior to ...
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Real-time correction of antecedent precipitation for the Xinanjiang model using the genetic algorithm
The Xinanjiang model has been successfully and widely applied in humid and semi-humid regions of China for rainfall–runoff simulation and flood forecasting. However, its forecasting precision is seriously affected by antecedent precipitation (Pa). Commonly applied methods relying on the experience of individual modelers are not standardized and difficult to transfer. In particular, the ...
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Numerical simulation of flood due to dam–break flow using an implicit method
In this paper, the depth–averaged 2D shallow water equations in the non–conservative form are solved based on the 'Beam and Warming' implicit method by means of the finite difference method (FDM) having a second–order accurate on time and first–order accurate on space. Variations in each time step are calculated considering equations in both x and y directions. Due to solving an equation system ...
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Assessment of future flood intensification in Central Vietnam using a super-high-resolution climate model output
This paper presents an assessment of the changes in future floods. The ranked area-average heavy daily rainfall amounts simulated by a super-high-resolution (20 km mesh) global climate model output are corrected with consideration of the effects of the topography on heavy rainfall patterns and used as a basis to model design storm hyetographs. The rainfall data are then used as the input for a ...
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Simplification of one-dimensional hydraulic networks by automated processes evaluated on 1D/2D deterministic flood models
Evaluation of pluvial flood risk is often based on computations using 1D/2D urban flood models. However, guidelines on choice of model complexity are missing, especially for one-dimensional (1D) network models. This study presents a new automatic approach for simplification of 1D hydraulic networks (SAHM) using trimming and merging techniques, with performance evaluated in a 1D/2D case study. ...
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