fouling membrane Articles
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The removal of typical pollutants in secondary effluent by the combined process of powdered activated carbon–ultrafiltration
This paper focused on the effects of powdered activated carbon (PAC) dosage on ultrafiltration (UF) membrane flux caused by natural organic matter (NOM). Three model foulants, humic acid (HA), bovine serum albumin (BSA) and sodium alginate (SA), were adopted to represent different NOM fractions in secondary effluent treated by the combined process of PAC-UF. Moreover, the membrane fouling ...
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Influence of membrane properties on physically reversible and irreversible fouling in membrane bioreactors
This study aimed to examine the impact of membrane properties on membrane fouling in membrane bioreactor (MBR). Membrane fouling was divided into two categories: physically reversible and irreversible fouling. Membrane properties related to each type of membrane fouling were investigated separately. Five microfiltration (MF) and one ultrafiltration (UF) membranes with different properties (pore ...
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Effects of mixed liquor pH on membrane fouling and micro-pollutant removals in membrane bioreactors for municipal landfill leachate treatment
This research investigated the membrane fouling and micro-pollutant removals in treatment of municipal landfill leachate at various pH levels (i.e. 5.5, 6.5, 7.5, and 8.5) using membrane bioreactors. The findings revealed that membrane fouling was influenced by the pH level of mixed liquor, with pH 5.5 exhibiting the most severe membrane fouling. At pH 5.5, proteins and carbohydrates were ...
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Ion ScaleBuster Water Conditioning - Pre Membrane Pretreatment 1 - Case Study
OVERVIEW Membrane systems require proper pre-treatment to avoid scaling and biological fouling of the membranes (which shorten membrane life expectancy and high Operation Expenditure, downtime and chemical use). WATER SYSTEM CHALLENGES Scale and fouling of the membranes require use of anti-scalants and disinfection solutions and cause not only downtime but also high operation costs (not always ...
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The impact of anionic polyacrylamide (APAM) on ultrafiltration efficiency in flocculation-ultrafiltration process
With the purpose of improving the ultrafiltration (UF) efficiency, anionic polyacrylamide (APAM) has been used as a coagulant aid in the flocculation-UF process. In this study, the impact of APAM on UF efficiency has been investigated with regard to membrane fouling, membrane cleaning and effluent quality. The results indicated that the optimal dosage of APAM had positive impacts on membrane ...
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Membrane chemical cleaning: from art to science
Membrane chemical cleaning is an integral part of operation for micro- and ultrafiltration systems in the water industry and has significant impact on process operations. However, this issue has not been adequately addressed primarily for two reasons: 1) cleaning protocols are typically recommended from membrane manufacturers and some cleaners are proprietary; 2) the issues of membrane fouling ...
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Hybrid TiO2 photocatalytic oxidation and ultrafiltration for humic acid removal and membrane fouling control
Hybrid UV/TiO2 photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) and ultrafiltration (UF) process (PCO-UF) were used to remove humic acid (HA) and control membrane fouling. The PCO-UF process showed advantages in terms of higher removal rate of HA, higher permeate flux and less membrane fouling over UF alone and PCO alone on HA removal and membrane fouling control. Membrane material and pH of feed water were shown ...
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Fabrication of catalytic ceramic membranes for water filtration
The paper describes the use of the layer-by-layer technique to coat ceramic membranes with iron and manganese oxide nanoparticles. The coatings are thin (Escherichia coli bacteria.Keywords: ceramic membranes, fouling, membrane filtration, ozone, ...
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Permeability decline in nanofiltration/reverse osmosis membranes fed with municipal wastewater treated by a membrane bioreactor
Decline in the permeability in nanofiltration (NF)/reverse osmosis (RO) membranes that filtered effluents from a membrane bioreactor (MBR) treating municipal wastewater was investigated in this study. Four different 2-inch spiral-wound NF/RO membrane elements were continuously operated for 40 days. The results showed that the amount of deposits on the membrane surface did not affect the degree ...
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Impact of sludge retention time on sludge characteristics and microbial community in MBR
In this study, the impact of sludge retention time (SRT) on sludge characteristics and microbial community and the effect on membrane fouling in membrane bioreactor (MBR) was investigated. The results show that MBR with longer SRT has less fouling propensity, in agreement with other studies, despite the fact that the MBR with longer SRT contained higher MLSS and smaller particle size. However, ...
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Change of surface and structure properties of cation exchange membrane in a microbial fuel cell
In this study, the two–chambered microbial fuel cell (MFC) was continuously long–term operated a young landfill leachate in order to evaluate the impact of cation exchange membrane (CEM) fouling on MFC performance. During the operation, the voltage output decreased sharply to almost zero and the voltage output was recovered completely after replacement of CEM, which implied that the voltage ...
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Atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis of cleaned and fouled nanofiltration membranes
In membrane process industries, membrane cleaning is one of the most important concerns from both economical and scientific points of view. Surfaces roughness and phase angle of virgin and fouled membranes were measured and compared before and after chemical cleaning by using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Correlations between the data obtained by this technique (AFM) with the flux and rejection ...
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Effects of tannic acid on membrane fouling and membrane cleaning in forward osmosis
The fouling behavior during forward osmosis (FO) was investigated. Tannic acid was used as a model organic foulant for natural organic matter analysis since the main characteristics are similar, and calcium ions were added at different concentrations to explore the anti-pollution capability of FO membranes. The initial permeate flux and calcium ions strength were varied in different operating ...
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Membrane fouling in the nanofiltration of landfill leachate and its impact on trace contaminant removal
Nanofiltration (NF) is an attractive option for the treatment of landfill leachate. However, membrane fouling can be a major obstacle in the implementation of this technology. In this study, bench-scale filtration experiments were carried out to study the fouling behaviour during the NF of a synthetic landfill leachate. The results indicate that calcium in combination with organic matter could ...
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Removal and transformation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) during the treatment of partially stabilized leachate in membrane bioreactor
The removal of dissolved organic matter (DOM) during municipal solid waste leachate treatment in a membrane bioreactor (MBR) was investigated. The MBR was operated with fouled and cleaned membranes, at a time. DOM, mixed liquor, and effluent were characterized by fractionation and fluorescence excitation–emission matrix (EEM) spectroscopy. Results showed DOM removals of 82% during ...
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Evaluation of intermittent air sparging in an anoxic denitrification membrane bioreactor
The impact of intermittent air sparging on the operation of an anoxic (dissolved oxygen 0.39 m3 m−2 h−1 with sparge lengths of 10 to 60 seconds, a low dissolved oxygen residual of 0.05 to 0.90 mg O2 l−1 was formed which typically inhibited denitrification; oxygen transfer efficiency increased with increasing sparge time. Residual oxygen was rapidly consumed at a rate, rO2, of ...
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Investigation of surface and filtration properties of TiO2 coated ultrafiltration polyacrylonitrile membranes
In the present work, the surface and filtration properties of TiO2 coated polyacrylonitrile ultrafiltration membranes were investigated. The membranes were coated using the physical deposition method. The appropriate TiO2 coverage proved to be 0.3 mg/cm2, which formed a hydrophilic cake layer on the membrane surface. The cleanability without chemicals and the retention of the coated membranes ...
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Physico-chemical characterisation versus
in situ micro-structural characterisation of membrane fouling in membrane bioreactorsFouling characteristics of aerobic submerged membrane bioreactors were analysed under two different membrane materials. Polyethersulfone (PES) membranes were found to foul faster at sub-critical flux than polyolefin (PO) membranes. Physico-chemical characterisation, by means of comparison of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and soluble microbial products (SMP) concentrations, as well as ...
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Effect of organic fouling on micro-pollutant rejection in membrane bioreactor treating municipal solid waste landfill leachate
Effect of membrane fouling on the removal of micro-pollutants from municipal solid waste landfill leachate, i.e. 4-methyl-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol (BHT), bisphenol A (BPA), and bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP), in membrane bioreactor (MBR) was investigated. Modifications of membrane surface properties were analyzed to determine their relationship with their removals. Membrane fouling was ...
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Proteins causing membrane fouling in membrane bioreactors
In this study, the details of proteins causing membrane fouling in membrane bioreactors (MBRs) treating real municipal wastewater were investigated. Two separate pilot-scale MBRs were continuously operated under significantly different operating conditions; one MBR was a submerged type whereas the other was a side-stream type. The submerged and side-stream MBRs were operated for 20 and 10 ...
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