GC sample Articles
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Purge & Trap Volatiles:Adsorbent Choices, Trap Selection, Fast GC, and Troubleshooting
The use of purge & trap in combination with gas chromatography is a widely used analytic technique for the analyses of volatiles. Information will be presented to allow purge & trap analysts to gain knowledge concerning this technique. Topics include a discussion of adsorbent advantages and drawbacks, considerations for the selection of the proper purge trap for several applications, the ...
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ENVI-Carb Plus for the Extraction of Propylene Glycol and Ethylene Glycol from Water
ENVI-Carb Plus reversible cartridges were able to extract both propylene and ethylene glycol from water, and the method was demonstrated to be both quantitative and reproducible. Elution was achieved with a combination of organic solvents, offering further options for GC analysis such as sample concentration or solvent exchange. Direct injection of the elution solvent offered an improvement in ...
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Analysis of PBDEs in Sediment Using GC-MS/MS
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are brominated flame retardants (BFRs) widely used in plastics. Due to their toxicity and persistence, their industrial production is to be eliminated under the Stockholm Convention. Contamination from PBDEs is widespread in the environment, including in sediments. In order to determine PBDEs in sediments, they need to be separated from a large amount of ...
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A Novel Analysis of Solvent Residual in Cannabis Oil Using Dynamic Headspace by PAL System
Abstract This application note adopted the Full Evaporation Technique (FET) to analyze the solvent residual, based on California Residual Solvents Category, in cannabis oil by a CDS Analytical 7000C concentrator equipped with a dynamic headspace (DHS) module. This setup was mounted on a PAL RTC rail and connected to a GC/MS for compounds separation and detection. Introduction In the ...
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Improved Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds in Water by SPME and GC/MS: ISO Standard 17943
The analysis of water for volatile organic compounds is important due to their toxicity. The current methods for this determination lack of sensitivity, selectivity or capability for automation. This paper presents the new ISO 17943 Standard using Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME) and GC/MS. The sample preparation by SPME enables low limits of detection and easy automation of the whole method. ...
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Improved Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds in Water by SPME and GC/MS: ISO Standard 17943
The analysis of water for volatile organic compounds is important due to their toxicity.The current methods for this determination lack of sensitivity, selectivity or capability for automation. This paper presents the new ISO 17943 Standard using Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME) and GC/MS. The sample preparation by SPME enables limits of detection and easy automation of the whole method. GC/MS ...
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Leader in sample preparation systems benefits from Axetris MFCs’ high dynamic range - Case Study
Split ratio flexibility of GC injector increased 30-fold A leading manufacturer of analytical sample preparation systems in gas chromatography (GC) switched to Axetris MFCs - and in doing so, simplified their product range, while offering their customers at least 30 times more flexibility in split ratio. The market-leading dynamic range of Axetris mass flow controllers (MFCs)—with their ...
By Axetris AG
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US EPA Method 625 Semivolatiles by GC-MS on the Supelco SLB™-5ms
Application Report 473: US EPA Method 625 describes the procedure for the analysis of industrial and municipal waste water samples by GC-MS. This analysis illustrates the separation of the single-peak base-neutral and acid compounds listed in the method, along with commonly used surrogates and internal standards. ...
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GC Analysis of Crude Oil Samples in Compliance with ASTM D5307
In the ASTM D5307 test method, crude oil containing components with boiling points to temperatures in excess of 538C (C44 or equivalent) are analyzed by a simulated distillation GC system by the internal standard method. A detailed boiling point distribution graph is created for the fraction with boiling points lower than 538C. The fraction with boiling points above 538C is calculated as a ...
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Analysis and occurrence of typical endocrine-disrupting chemicals in three sewage treatment plants
Seven typical endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), including bisphenol A (BPA), 4-tert-octylphenol (OP), estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), 17α-estradiol (17α-E2), estriol (E3) and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) in wastewater, were simultaneously determined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Samples, including influents, effluents and wastewater of different unit processes, were taken ...
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Low Level Determination of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Environmental Samples, Using GC/MS
Low level analysis of PAHs is required to attain various clean-up limits for environmental regulations. The ability to maximize GC/MS instrument conditions to meet lower reporting levels results in a more efficient and reliable determination of these analytes. The following analysis provides the necessary sensitivity and selectivity. The procedure requires that the parameters for GC as well as MS ...
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Monitoring leaks in Heat exchangers - Case study
The Situation A California refinery produces xylene for use as commercial product and a precursor for petrochemical manufacturing. A primary component to the production of xylene is the isolation and purification of the chemical from a complex mixture of petroleum hydrocarbons. Steam based heat exchangers are used to process the xylene. Inherent to the design and rough duty heat exchangers face ...
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Evaluations of Polar and Highly Polar Ionic Liquid Capillary GC Columns with Environmental Samples
Ionic liquids are a class of non-molecular ionic solvents with low melting points. These liquids are unique combinations of cations and anions and can provide a variety of different selectivities when used as stationary phases in capillary gas chromatography. A number of ionic liquid phases have been evaluated and characterized for selectivity and determined to be polar or highly polar in ...
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Analysis of Tetrahydrocannabinol Vape Oils Using Pyroprobe by Thermal Extraction
Abstract This application note demonstrates a multi-step thermal extraction study on Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) vape oils. Introduction E-cigarettes have gained popularity in recent years, in conjunction with the legalization of marijuana in many U.S. states. Authentic THC vape oils are not easily distinguishable from the counterfeits, which are poorly regulated and can cause severe lung ...
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Development and assessment of a novel Arxula adeninivorans androgen screen (A-YAS) assay and its application in analysis of cattle urine
Abstract The novel A-YAS assay for the detection of androgenic activity in liquid samples such as urine has been developed and assessed. The assay is based on transgenic Arxula adeninivorans yeast cells as the bio-component. The cells were engineered to co-express the human androgen receptor (hAR) gene and the inducible phytase reporter gene (phyK, derived from Klebsiella sp. ASR1), under the ...
By QuoData GmbH
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PID for Arson Investigation - Photoionisation Detectors
One such tool for the detection of accelerants at fire scenes recommended by investigators is the photoionisation detector (PID) which has already proven to be an ideal solution for the detection of relatively low-level VOCs for health & safety and environmental applications. These devices are battery powered and portable and can be deployed rapidly and safely to test areas between ...
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Photoionisation Detector (PID) for Arson Investigation
One such tool for the detection of accelerants at fire scenes recommended by investigators3 is the photoionisation detector (PID) which has already proven to be an ideal solution for the detection of relatively low level VOCs for health & safety and environmental applications. These devices are battery powered and portable and can be deployed rapidly and safely to test areas between ...
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GC/MS analysis of a complex sample in DCM using hydrogen carrier gas
Labs worldwide have recently found that helium has been in short supply, leaving a number of labs without carrier gas. Added to this, helium prices have doubled over the past 10 years causing a number of labs to look into alternative carrier gases for GC, such as nitrogen and hydrogen. As well as lower price and unlimited availability, hydrogen has a number of potential advantages over helium, ...
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Experimental Determination of LOD for VOCs in Ambient Air Measured by Auto-GCs and Comparison with Reference Methods
Abstract Automatic gas chromatograph (auto-GCs) manufacturers perform an experimental method for a simple, rapid, and low-cost detection limit evaluation for volatile organic compounds in ambient air. The principle is the estimation of a minimum area of a peak. It is a relevant area value that discerns a real peak from the ground noise. This experimental limit of detection is equal to the minimum ...
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GC-MS/MS analysis of PAH and PCB in environmental samples
The polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are among the most commonly analysed compound classes in environmental analysis. This article demonstrates how hydrogen carrier gas can be used in place of helium for GC-MS/MS analysis of these compounds. Analysis of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) is typically conducted using HPLC with UV- and fluorescence detection. ...
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