geographic information Articles
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Integrating multicriteria analysis and geographic information systems: the ordered weighted averaging (OWA) approach
The ordered weighted averaging (OWA) is a family of multicriteria combination (aggregation) procedures. The generality of OWA is related to its capability to implement different combination operators by selecting appropriate order weights. By specifying suitable order weights it is possible to change the form of aggregation from the minimum-type combination through all intermediate types ...
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Geographic information systems (GIS) for participation: the future of environmental GIS?
The conventional uses of geographic information systems (GIS) in environmental management have been criticized for being undemocratic and avoiding the social dimension of these issues. To address these criticisms, new participatory approaches are being developed by the GIS community. These new techniques involve the integration of conventional spatial data and mental maps showing communities' (or ...
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Spatial modelling of groundwater potential in Zimbabwe using geographical information systems techniques
The research was aimed at modelling variations in groundwater potential within Zimbabwe. Input parameters used in the study were: lithology, groundwater productivity, slope, and depth to groundwater, faults, groundwater storage and their interrelationship. Each parameter was first individually classified according to how it promotes or constrains groundwater occurrence. The input parameters were ...
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Using GIS for emergency management: a case study during the 2002 and 2003 flooding in south-east France
Emergency management has always required tools to get geographic information from the affected area. The objectives are to have a general view of the theatre of operations with its geographic characteristics, troop's location, roads and railways, and fighting location. The emergency management of natural hazards is specific because it is necessary to evaluate the appropriate number of emergency ...
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Understanding threats: a prerequisite to enhance survivability of computing systems
This paper shows the usefulness of using simple honeypots to obtain data for a better understanding of some internet attack processes. The acquired knowledge can then be used to drive sound security design decisions in order to improve the ability of our systems to resist to attacks. Based on three years of collected data, we provide in this paper a critical review of geographical information ...
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Advanced GIS Exercise: Performing error analysis in ArcGIS modelbuilder
Knowledge of Geographic Information Systems is quickly becoming an integral part of the natural resource professionals' skill set. With the growing need of professionals with these skills, we created an advanced geographic information systems (GIS) exercise for students at Clemson University to introduce them to the concept of error analysis, stream delineation, model iterations and feedback ...
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Integrating Bayesian networks and geographic information systems: Good practice examples
Bayesian networks (BNs) are becoming increasingly common in problems with spatial aspects. The degree of spatial involvement may range from spatial mapping of BN outputs based on nodes in the BN that explicitly involve geographic features, to integration of different networks based on geographic information. In these situations, it is useful to consider how geographic information systems (GISs) ...
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The role of spatial planning in regional risk management
This paper introduces the tool of spatial planning in close relationship with risk assessment and representation at the regional level. The methodological issues are presented and discussed. Results of a case study (Limmattal region in Switzerland) are reported, and the risk maps for this example are included in the paper.Keywords: GIS, geographic information systems, Switzerland, risk ...
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Decision making of a local sustainable development policy by using GIS: application to the transportation sector in Ghardaia, Algeria
The aim of this paper is to propose an approach, which considers sustainable indicators and GIS as decision making tools and combine them to build a database to be consulted to define a local sustainable development policy for the transportation sector which was identified by the literature review as problematic in Ghardaia city, Algeria. The application of sustainable indicators of transport ...
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Using a geographic decision support system to plan search and rescue operations
In this paper, we present SARPlan, a geographic decision support system based on optimisation models for planning overland search and rescue operations for missing light aircraft. By optimally allocating the available search effort and by reducing the search area, SARPlan increases the chances of finding lost aircraft and survivors, resulting in saved lives. The emphasis in this presentation is ...
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Sustainability framework for hazardous materials transport route planning
Hazardous materials (HAZMAT) transport is a vital logistic activity from the supply of raw materials to production units. However, there are risks associated with trucks being involved in accidents during HAZMAT shipment. It is essential that all criteria and factors involved need to be considered prior to HAZMAT transport decision making. The main purpose of this paper is to present a HAZMAT ...
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Developing GIS tools for planning, mitigation and preparedness for large scale emergencies and disasters
Emergency and disaster management involves four stages: mitigation (planning), preparedness, response and relief. Concerned authorities at different levels (central, state, district, etc.) play different roles and have different responsibilities in each phase of emergency and disaster management. Geographic information system (GIS) based tools have been shown to be useful in the response and ...
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The use of Geographical Information Systems for analysing and visualising biodiversity data
Technology plays a key role in innovative research and it is important that environmental scientists are aware of technologies that are having an impact on their discipline. This paper demonstrates the importance of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) for biodiversity management and research using three powerful analysis functions and a species presence/absence database. The three analysis ...
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Of water and worms: Guinea worm re-emergence in Niger
This paper aims to provide a better understanding of the re-emergence of Guinea worm into the water bodies of the Tillabéri region of the Niger Sahel. It examines the period of re-emergence and subsequent decline from 2002 until 2006. Using a geographic information system combined with a statistical approach to examine the location data of lakes with Guinea worm-associated cases, it is ...
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An assessment of geo-information use during the 2005 Kashmir earthquake response and recommendations to improve future use
The destructive effects of disasters on vulnerable populations will continue to increase as global inhabitants grow in numbers and occupy marginal, often hazard-prone areas. Recent experience has shown that there is a gap between available Geographic Information System technologies and geo-information management tools and their employment during disaster response operations. The goal of this ...
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Transmission Lines routes environmental optimization
The Overhead Transmission Lines routes environmental optimization methodology’s design considers environmental restrictions due to physical, biotic and sociocultural aspects. Priority is given to the most important environmental component on the study area. Geographic Information Systems GIS are used to select best project alternative by means of overlapping operations and map calculator ...
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An integrated decision aid system for the development of Saint Charles River alluvial plain, Quebec, Canada
We describe an integrated decision aid system designed to assist land-use planning and management of the alluvial plain of Saint Charles River, Quebec. The first stages of the development of the system consisted in building a georeferenced database managed by a geographical information system (GIS), and to elaborate eight different development scenarios along the Saint Charles River in a multiple ...
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Climate change impacts on coastal urban settlements in Nigeria
This study investigates the possible impact of climate change on the coastal cities of Lagos and Port Harcourt using the Model for the Assessment of Greenhouse Gas Induced Climate Change (MAGICC-SCENGEN) and geographical information system (GIS) interpolation techniques. The results confirm that sea level rise may occur with a consequence of submerging all coastal cities of the Niger delta area ...
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A GIS based assessment of urban sprawl in North Khobar
Urban sprawl has turn out to be an issue of worldwide interest, mainly because of its alleged negative impacts on the social, economic and environmental aspects of the city. Many studies indicate that it is the pattern, density, and rate of new urban growth that leads to sprawl. The proportion of the total population in a region to the total built-up area of the region is a measure of quantifying ...
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Proposal for identification methodology for urban agglomerations according to directive 91/271/EEC on wastewater treatment
This paper discusses the problem of the identification and definition of the urban agglomerations in accordance with Directive 91/271/EC. The aim of this identification is to guarantee a satisfactory level of treatment for urban wastewaters and the achievement of the quality objectives for water bodies. The methodology employed, taking into account the existing planning tools in the water service ...
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