greywater treatment Articles

A review of greywater characteristics and treatment processes

This paper presents a comprehensive literature review of different characteristics of greywater (GW) and current treatment methods. GW is domestic wastewater excluding toilet waste and can be classified as either low-load GW (excluding kitchen and laundry GW) or high-load GW (including kitchen and/or laundry). This review provides information on the quantity of GW produced, its constituents ...

Apr. 4, 2013

By IWA Publishing
Greywater recycling system

Every new home should have a Grey Water Recycling System! This innovative new product allows you to re-use your greywater (previously wasted) and recycle it for use on your gardens or reuse back through the toilets for flushing or in the laundry. Right now this is so important with low water levels, and water prices and council restrictions on the increase. The Ozzi Kleen GTS10 Greywater system's ...

Sep. 2, 2009

By Ozzi Kleen Water & Waste Water
Physicochemical treatment of office and public buildings greywater

The current study analyses the performance of deep sand filtration of greywater from an office building and the performance of a combined physicochemical process comprising of coagulation, sedimentation and filtration. Raw greywater quality exhibited very high variability with average turbidity of 35 NTU, and TSS, CODt, and BOD of 45, 240, 75 mg/l respectively. The stand-alone filter removed 50 ...

Nov. 1, 2010

By IWA Publishing
Greywater treatment in an aerobic SBR: sludge structure and kinetics

In order to have an efficient operation, sequencing batch reactors (SBR) must support granular biomass with high conversion rates, settling properties, and be able to deal with the inherent variability of the composition of real wastewaters. In this study, the effect of the influent composition and the specific organic loading rate (Bx) on the granulation process was evaluated in two SBRs, ...

Jun. 12, 2017

By IWA Publishing
Quantification and characterization of greywater from schools

Survey of schools of different education levels (primary, intermediate and secondary) in Kuwait showed an average greywater generation rate of 7.3 L/p/d and varied in the range of 2.9–16 l/p/d, reflecting the school level of education (i.e. student age). The highest rates were observed for primary schools while the lowest rates were observed in secondary schools where students are more mature ...

Aug. 8, 2015

By IWA Publishing
Quantification and characterization of greywater from schools

Survey of schools of different education levels (primary, intermediate and secondary) in Kuwait showed an average greywater generation rate of 7.3 L/p/d and varied in the range of 2.9 – 16 L/p/d, reflecting the school level of education (i.e. student age). The highest rates were observed for primary schools while the lowest rates were observed in secondary schools where students ...

Nov. 25, 2015

By IWA Publishing
How to tap the energy savings in greywater

Many operators of offices, hospitals, hotels, large condos, and other buildings are aware of the need to save money and reduce their environmental impact, through better water management. The result has been the growth of ways to reduce water consumption, ranging from low-flow show-crheads to landscaping that requires minimal watering. Building operators are also aware of a similar need to ...

Jan. 1, 2013

By DDI Heat Exchangers Inc.
Treatment of domestic greywater by geotextile filter and intermittent sand filtration bioreactor

Intermittent sand filtration (ISF) is an efficient system for treatment of greywater; however, the high quality of effluent and the simple set-up contrast with the high failure rate due to clogging of surface layers. The efficacy of several polypropylene non-woven geotextiles (apparent opening size from 0.10 to 0.18 mm) used as primary treatment filters to remove suspended particles from ...

Mar. 13, 2015

By IWA Publishing
Membrane process treatment for greywater recycling: investigations on direct tubular nanofiltration

On-site greywater recycling and reuse is one of the main ways to reduce potable water requirement in urban areas. Direct membrane filtration is a promising technology to recycle greywater on-site. This study aimed at selecting a tubular nanofiltration (NF) membrane and its operating conditions in order to treat and reuse greywater in buildings. To do so, a synthetic greywater (SGW) was ...

Oct. 1, 2010

By IWA Publishing
Greywater treatment by granular filtration system using volcanic tuff and gravel media

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of a granular filtration system (GFS) in greywater treatment under arid and semi-arid conditions. Six GFSs were designed, constructed, and monitored for approximately 13 months. Each GFS served a single rural Jordanian home by treating their greywater. Volcanic tuff media were used as the filtration media in three of the GFSs ...

Feb. 27, 2017

By IWA Publishing
Modelling of moving bed biofilm membrane reactors (MBBMR) for on-site greywater treatment

The study evaluates with a mechanistic model the pilot plant results of a combined moving bed biofilm process and membrane filtration (MBBMR) treating single household greywater. It mainly includes the simulation of reactor hydraulics, degradation of pollutants, development of biomass and settlement of sludge. Iterative calibration was made with steady-state results of a 10-month pilot test. The ...

Apr. 27, 2015

By IWA Publishing
Greywater treatment with biological aerated filter (BAF) for urban water reuse

Greywater is an excellent resource for service water in intra-urban reuse. By substituting fresh water with appropriately treated greywater, it is possible to save 30–50% of fresh water. In this paper, an up-flow pilot biological aerated filter (BAF) is tested for the treatment of synthetic greywater and the design parameters are determined. An organic load of 8▒kg▒COD/(m3▒d) allows to achieving ...

Jan. 1, 1900

By IWA Publishing
Treatment and potential reuse of greywater from schools: a pilot study

This study presented performance data on a low cost and easy maintenance pilot system for on-site treatment and reuse of water collected from wash sinks and fountains, as major sources of greywater (GW) at schools. Various treatment options were studied including screening, sand filtration, chlorination, and UV disinfection operated at different flow rates. Results showed that filtration ...

Feb. 20, 2017

By IWA Publishing
Solar disinfection for the post-treatment of greywater by means of a continuous flow reactor

SODIS (solar disinfection) is a low-cost alternative for water decontamination. The method is based on the exposure of water, contained in PET bottles, to direct sunlight, and mainly its UV-A and infrared components. The present research studied SODIS as a low cost alternative for the inactivation of Escherichia coli (E. coli) in treated greywater, aiming at its reuse for more ...

Jan. 1, 2011

By IWA Publishing
Greywater treatment for reuse: comparison of reuse options using analytic hierarchy process

The objective of the present study was to: (i) examine the performance of two-stage sand filtration and the effect of coagulants on greywater (GW) characteristics; (ii) assess the quality of treated GW for reuse; and (iii) compare reuse options using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Four treatment options were examined on site. The first option was related to two-stage sand filtration ...

Sep. 14, 2015

By IWA Publishing
Household greywater treatment methods using natural materials and their hybrid system

Discharge of household greywater into water bodies can lead to an increase in contamination levels in terms of the reduction in dissolved oxygen resources and rapid bacterial growth. Therefore, the quality of greywater has to be improved before the disposal process. The present review aimed to present a hybrid treatment system for the greywater generated from households. The hybrid system ...

Jul. 28, 2016

By IWA Publishing
Greywater recycling system installed at Canary Wharf

First combined Rainwater Harvesting/Grey Water Recycling System to be installed at Canary Wharf in London E14A multi-storey office at Canary Wharf will be installing the first combined Grey,Rain and AC Blow down water recycling system in Canary Wharf. The reclaimed/recycled water will be used for toilet flushing feeding WC's at 9000 litres per hour. The rain and grey water will be collected in a ...

Jun. 14, 2011

By Aquaco Water Recycling Limited
Household greywater use practices in Melbourne, Australia

Research on the potential of greywater reuse to reduce urban tap water demand has focused mainly on permanently installed greywater treatment or irrigation systems. These may be readily implemented in new housing developments, but experience in Australia shows their uptake by established households in urban areas is low. The majority of households employ simple and temporary methods for ...

Apr. 3, 2013

By IWA Publishing
A comparative study of greywater from domestic and public buildings

Greywater (GW) can be an important resource for urban water consumption, replacing potable water for purposes that do not require drinking water quality. If applied on a large scale, this practice will reduce the potable water demand and the wastewater produced in urban areas, minimizing the negative impacts and costs of water extraction and wastewater treatment. A correct characterization of GW ...

Feb. 18, 2014

By IWA Publishing
Impacts of onsite greywater reuse on wastewater systems

Together with significant water savings that onsite greywater reuse (GWR) may provide, it may also affect the performance of urban sewer systems and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). In order to examine these effects, an integrated stochastic simulation system for GWR in urban areas was developed. The model includes stochastic generators of domestic wastewater streams and gross solids ...

Feb. 6, 2017

By IWA Publishing

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