1. The characteristics of hospital sewage Hospital waste water contains some special pollutants, such as drugs, disinfectants, diagnostic agents, detergents, and a large number of pathogenic microorganisms, parasite eggs and various viruses (such as roundworm eggs, hepatitis virus, tuberculosis and dysentery) . In addition, there are radioactive substances such as radium 226, phosphorus, gold ...
Variation in hospital wastewater (HWW) pollutants and differences with municipal wastewater (MWW), make the use of biokinetic coefficients obtained from activated sludge in the MWW treatment unprofitable for designing, modeling and evaluation of biological processes for HWW treatment. Since this study was conducted to evaluate the performance and biokinetic coefficients of a fixed bed ...
Escherichia coli is simultaneously an indicator of water contamination and a human pathogen. This study aimed to characterize the virulence and resistance of E. coli from municipal and hospital wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in central Portugal. From a total of 193 isolates showing reduced susceptibility to cefotaxime and/or nalidixic acid, 20 E. coli with genetically distinct fingerprint ...
This study aimed to investigate the antibiotic concentration at each stage of treatment and to evaluate the removal efficiency of antibiotics in different types of secondary and advanced treatment, as well as the effects of the location of their discharge points on the occurrence of antibiotics in surface water. Eight target antibiotics and four hospital wastewater treatment plants in Bangkok ...
In this article, we will discuss the sources of hospital wastewater, the effects of hospital wastewater on the environment, and how innovative electrocoagulation treatment technology can be sustainably used as part of an integrated hospital wastewater treatment system to effectively treat this contaminated wastewater stream. When people are sick or injured, they typically go to a hospital to ...
Considerable concern exists regarding the appearance and effects of trace and ultra trace pollutants in the aquatic environment. In this context, it is necessary to identify relevant hot spot wastewater – such as hospital wastewater – and to implement specific wastewater treatment solutions. Membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology seems to be a suitable pre-treatment approach for the subsequent ...
Over the past century, sea level has risen nearly eight inches along the California coast, and general circulation model scenarios suggest very substantial increases in sea level as a significant impact of climate change over the coming century. This study includes a detailed analysis of the current population, infrastructure, and property at risk from projected sealevel rise if no actions are ...
Water resources shortage is one of the most important issues due to the population growth and ever increasing water demands as well as its conservation. Wastewater treatment can serve as a logical way to recycle water to consumption cycle. Due to variety of water uses, it seems that there are certain treatment techniques for different types of wastewater, such as municipal and hospital ...
In this study, the degradations of 2,3,4,5,6-pentabromotoluene (PBT), 2,3,4,5,6-pentabromoethyl benzene (PBEB), triclosan (TCS) and gemfibrozil (GFZ) in raw hospital wastewater were investigated with cerium (IV) oxide and titanium (IV) oxide nanoparticles considering the mechanisms of adsorption, photolysis, and photocatalysis with UV-C lamps. The effects of nano-CeO2 and nano-TiO2 ...
Azole fungicides are active ingredients in a range of pharmaceutical and personal care products, and are also used in agriculture. This study reviewed the sources, presence and risks of these compounds in the environment, finding evidence of toxic effects on aquatic organisms. The researchers provide directions for future research and warn caution should be exercised until more toxicity data ...
The Bremen Overseas Research and Development Association (BORDA) has a mission to improve the living conditions of disadvantaged communities and to preserve the environment through decentralized sanitation projects. As part of this mission, the Association has developed modular, decentralized, and cost-effective wastewater treatment service packages that ...
A newly available dataset on pharmaceuticals used in Scottish hospitals enabled an Environmental Risk Assessment that includes hospital consumption of pharmaceuticals, as previous UK rankings have been based on community prescription only. As health and the environment are devolved issues for the Scottish government, it is in any case merited to consider a Scottish ranking separately; regional ...
The presence of pharmaceutically active compounds in the aquatic environment has become well established, and their presence is of potential concern because they are designed to produce biological response in the target receptor, may bear intrinsic toxicity (e.g. cytostatic agents, antibiotics) and they possess the potential to foster and maintain drug resistance. For both risk assessment and ...
Hospital wastewater has the potential to be a threat to the hospital environment as it can contain pathogenic bacteria that may facilitate the resistant nature of organisms within effluent or water treatment plants. The recycling of hospital wastewater should have good quality. This study was carried out to highlight the incidence of antibiotic resistant bacteria in hospital-generated ...
Water treatment could be applied to various fields, our anodes are currently used for Sodium Hypochlorite and Electrolysis of water. Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is a compound that can be effectively used for water purification. It is used on a large scale for surface purification, bleaching, odor removal and water disinfection. It can be also applied in sanitary wastewater and industrial ...
Breaking the trend of agricultural appliances with the help of 14 V electricity; a system with high voltage was lately introduced in the farming sector. The government is providing power to engine auxiliaries and other electrically driven systems. It helps to reduce fuel consumption, under the load part conditions. Nowadays, more farmers are encouraged to use the high voltage system. ...
On March 3, 2010, U.S. EPA promulgated final National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) for existing compression ignition (CI) stationary Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engines (RICE) that were not previously regulated by the existing, so called, RICE MACT (i.e., 40 CFR Part 63, Subpart ZZZZ). The RICE MACT rule was originally promulgated in 2004. The March 3, 2010 ...
Water treatment could be applied to various fields, our anodes are currently used for Sodium Hypochlorite and Electrolysis of water. Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is a compound that can be effectively used for water purification. It is used on a large scale for surface purification, bleaching, odor removal and water disinfection. It can be also applied in sanitary wastewater and industrial ...