hydraulic modeling Articles
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Applying micro-genetic algorithm in the one-dimensional unsteady hydraulic model for parameter optimization
Selection of an appropriate value for Manning's roughness coefficient could significantly impact the accuracy of a hydraulic model. However, it is highly variable and depends on flow circumstances, such as water stage and flow quantity; a stream's geomorphology, such as the fluvial process and river meandering; and physical conditions, such as the channel surface roughness and ...
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Uncertainty in design flood profiles derived by hydraulic modelling
The scientific literature has widely shown that hydraulic modelling is affected by many sources of uncertainty (e.g. model structure, input data, model parameters). However, when hydraulic models are used for engineering purposes (e.g. flood defense design), there is still a tendency to make a deterministic use of them. More specifically, the prediction of flood design profiles is often based ...
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Modelling approach to quickly assess polyethylene ageing by chlorine dioxide in distribution systems
A prediction model for the life of polyethylene (PE) has been developed as a function of chlorine dioxide concentration and pressure. It can be coupled with an existing hydraulic model covering chlorine dioxide residuals and pressure values in the network. It allows a quick identification of the areas of highest PE failure risk. The methodology is applied successfully to a real distribution ...
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Uncertainty in urban flood damage assessment due to urban drainage modelling and depth-damage curve estimation
Due to the increased occurrence of flooding events in urban areas, many procedures for flood damage quantification have been defined in recent decades. The lack of large databases in most cases is overcome by combining the output of urban drainage models and damage curves linking flooding to expected damage. The application of advanced hydraulic models as diagnostic, design and decision-making ...
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Continuous simulation of suspended sediment through a stream section
This paper presents the development of a one–dimensional stream water quality model for the continuous simulation of suspended sediment transport and deposition processes along a particular stream section. The model integrates stream hydraulics and suspended sediment transport and deposition processes. The stream hydraulic model was developed using the Muskingum–Cunge method of channel routing. ...
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A new methodological protocol for the use of dendrogeomorphological data in flood risk analysis
Dendrogeomorphology uses information sources recorded in the roots, trunks and branches of trees and bushes located in the fluvial system to complement (or sometimes even replace) systematic and palaeohydrological records of past floods. The application of dendrogeomorphic data sources and methods to palaeoflood analysis over nearly 40 years has allowed improvements to be made in frequency and ...
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ANFIS approach to the scour depth prediction at a bridge abutment
An accurate estimation of the maximum possible scour depth at bridge abutments is of paramount importance in decision-making for the safe abutment foundation depth and also for the degree of scour counter-measure to be implemented against excessive scouring. Despite analysis of innumerable prototype and hydraulic model studies in the past, the scour depth prediction at the bridge abutments has ...
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Comparison between capabilities of HEC–RAS and MIKE11 hydraulic models in river flood risk modelling (a case study of Sungai Kayu Ara River basin, Malaysia)
River flood risk map prediction is a combination of hydrological modelling, hydraulic modelling, river flood visualisation and river flood risk mapping. Two hydraulic models were applied in this research regarding their capabilities in river flood risk studies. These are MIKE11 developed by Danish Hydraulic Institute (DHI) and HEC–RAS4.0 by US Army Corps of Engineers. These two hydraulic models ...
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Exploring the potential of SRTM topographic data for flood inundation modelling under uncertainty
The desirable data for model building and calibration to support the decision-making process in flood risk management are often not sufficient or unavailable. A potential opportunity is now offered by global remote sensing data, which can be freely (or at low cost) obtained from the internet, for example, Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) topography. There is a general sense that ...
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An assessment of sub-standard water pressure in South African potable distribution systems
Sub-standard residual water pressures in urban water distribution systems (WDS) are a prevalent phenomenon in developing countries – South Africa being no exception. The phenomenon of sub-standard pressure is poorly understood, with intermittent supply ultimately resulting when there is no residual pressure left in the system. This research addressed the prevalence and extent of sub-standard ...
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Middle Holocene palaeoflood extremes of the Lower Rhine
A Chézy-based hydraulic model was run to estimate the magnitude of extreme floods of Middle Holocene age in the Lower Rhine Valley (Germany). Input parameters were gathered from the field and literature, and used in ten scenarios to calculate a best guess estimate for the minimum size of extreme floods. These events have been registered as slackwater deposits on elevated terrace levels ...
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Comparison between InfoWorks hydraulic results and a physical model of an urban drainage system
Urban drainage systems are frequently analysed using hydraulic modelling software packages such as InfoWorks CS or MIKE-Urban. The use of such modelling tools allows the evaluation of sewer capacity and the likelihood and impact of pluvial flood events. Models can also be used to plan major investments such as increasing storage capacity or the implementation of sustainable urban drainage ...
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A GIS-based water distribution model for Zhengzhou city, China
Many water companies in China are developing GIS as a computer-based tool, for mapping and analyzing objects and events that happen on a water distribution network. However, only a few companies have taken a further step to develop a hydraulic model based on GIS, and Zhengzhou Water Supply Corporation is one of them. The WaterGEMS V8 XM from Bentley is used to develop the hydraulic model for the ...
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The role of Greater Copenhagen Utility in implementing the city's Cloudburst Management Plan
This paper describes Greater Copenhagen Utility's role in planning, coordinating and implementing Copenhagen's Climate Change Adaptation Plan and Cloudburst management strategy. Detailed hydraulic modelling of the seven catchments in the city resulted in the preparation of a cloudburst management plan with more than 350 interventions, at a budget of EUR 1.3 billion. Among the planned projects ...
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Impact of rainfall data resolution in time and space on the urban flooding evaluation
Climate change and modification of the urban environment increase the frequency and the negative effects of flooding, increasing the interest of researchers and practitioners in this topic. Usually, flood frequency analysis in urban areas is indirectly carried out by adopting advanced hydraulic models to simulate long historical rainfall series or design storms. However, their results are ...
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Hydraulics-based estuarine management
Hydraulics-based estuarine management is one of the most promising estuarine management methods. It is achieved by varying freshwater inflows into an estuary such that the ecosystem or environmental conditions within the estuary become most desirable. The assumption is that freshwater inflows to an estuary can be controlled by regulating upstream reservoir releases. This article summarises recent ...
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The influence of different hydraulics models in treatment of some physical processes in super-critical states of light water reactors accidents
This work presents the development and testing of some thermal hydraulic models designed to address the limitations of using the Homogeneous Equilibrium Model (HEM) in predicting and simulating the hydraulic response of the positive reactivity-initiated power excursion accidents in small light water reactors. The neutronic response of such accidents has been investigated based on the neutron ...
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A hydraulic study on the applicability of flood rating curves
Several hydrological studies have shown that river discharge records are affected by significant uncertainty. This uncertainty is expected to be very high for river flow data referred to flood events, when the stage–discharge rating curve is extrapolated far beyond the measurement range. This study examines the standard methodologies for the construction and extrapolation of rating curves to ...
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Water distribution model for decision-making with updatable data links
From February 2011 to December 2012, the Tallinn Water Company, AS Tallinna Vesi (ASTV), aimed at improving the previous hydraulic model creation procedures so that the model can be operatively updated through the available geographic information system, client information system (Navision), supervisory control and data acquisition system (SCADA). The goal of the project was to analyse various ...
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Numerical simulation of water free-surface flows through a front-tracking lattice Boltzmann approach
Three-dimensional (3D) hydraulic modelling of rapidly varying surface flows is a challenging task for practical engineering applications. One example is represented by the fast-moving fronts originating from dam breaches that proceed downstream through artificial channels. In this work, a fully 3D lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is tested. The numerical model is a front-tracking variant of the ...
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