hydrologic modeling Articles
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The effect of hydrologic model development and calibration complexity on prediction accuracy
Hydrologic modelling is central to the solution of many water quantity and quality issues. As the complexity of these issues increases, model complexity increases. The purpose of this research was to determine the effects of model complexity on hydrologic model prediction accuracy. Model complexity can enter through the formulation of the model structure as well as the selection of calibration ...
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Intelligent manipulation and calibration of parameters for hydrological models
It would be greatly helpful to neophytes if knowledge-based system technology incorporating the existing heuristic knowledge about model manipulation can be integrated into the hydrological system. This paper delineates the development and implementation of a prototype knowledge-based system for model manipulation for hydrological processes by employing an expert system shell. The architecture ...
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Sensitivity analysis of hydrological models: review and way forward
Different hydrological models provide diverse perspectives of the system being modeled, and inevitably, are imperfect representations of reality. Irrespective of the choice of models, the major source of error in any hydrological modeling is the uncertainty in the determination of model parameters, owing to the mismatch between model complexity and available data. Sensitivity analysis (SA) ...
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An experimental approach to reduce the parametric dimensionality for rainfall–runoff models
Sobol’ sensitivity analysis has been used successfully in the past to reduce the parametric dimensionality for hydrological models. However, the effects of its limitation, in that it assumes an independence of parameters, need to be investigated. This study proposes an experimental approach to assess the commonly used Sobol’ analysis for reducing the parameter dimensionality of hydrological ...
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Integration of remote sensing evapotranspiration (ET) model and hydrologic model for mapping daily ET time series at river basin scale
Hydrological models and remote sensing evapotranspiration (ET) models usually are used to estimate regional ET. This study aims to integrate the advantages of both the models to simulate the daily ET processes. A compromise between these two methodologies is represented by improving the optimization of the hydrological model on the basis of a new probability optimal ET series, which is ...
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Multi-objective calibration of the physically based, spatially distributed SHETRAN hydrological model
Physically based, spatially distributed hydrological models have mostly been calibrated manually; a few were calibrated automatically but without full consideration of conflicting multi-objectives. Here, we successfully applied the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) and its two variants, namely the reference point-based R-NSGA-II and the extension ER-NSGA-II, to ...
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Estimating parameters of the variable infiltration capacity model using ant colony optimization
Because hydrological models are so important for addressing environmental problems, parameter calibration is a fundamental task for applying them. A broadly used method for obtaining model parameters for the past 20 years is the evolutionary algorithm. This approach can estimate a set of unknown model parameters by simulating the evolution process. The ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm ...
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Design and implementation of an operational multimodel multiproduct real-time probabilistic streamflow forecasting platform
The task of real-time streamflow monitoring and forecasting is particularly challenging for ungauged or sparsely gauged river basins, and largely relies upon satellite-based estimates of precipitation. We present the design and implementation of a state-of-the-art real-time streamflow monitoring and forecasting platform that integrates information provided by cutting-edge satellite ...
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History and perspectives of hydrological catchment modelling
This paper presents a brief historical excursus on the development of hydrological catchment models together with a number of possible future perspectives. Given the wide variety of available hydrological models which, according to the embedded level of prior physical information, vary from the simple input–output lumped models to complex physically meaningful ones, the paper suggests how ...
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Regionalization of hydrological model parameters using data depth
The parameters of hydrological models with no or short discharge records can only be estimated using regional information. We can assume that catchments with similar characteristics show a similar hydrological behaviour. A regionalization of hydrological model parameters on the basis of catchment characteristics is therefore plausible. However, due to the non-uniqueness of the rainfall/runoff ...
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Spatial scale effects on model parameter estimation and predictive uncertainty in ungauged basins
The most appropriate scale to use for hydrological modelling depends on the model structure, the purpose of the results and the resolution of available data used to quantify parameter values and provide the climatic forcing. There is little consensus amongst the community of model users on the appropriate model complexity and number of model parameters that are needed for satisfactory ...
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Assessment of a 1-hour gridded precipitation dataset to drive a hydrological model: a case study of the summer 2007 floods in the Upper Severn, UK
In this study a gridded hourly 1-km precipitation dataset for a meso-scale catchment (4,062 km2) of the Upper Severn River, UK was constructed using rainfall radar data to disaggregate a daily precipitation (rain gauge) dataset. The dataset was compared to an hourly precipitation dataset created entirely from rainfall radar data. Results found that when assessed against gauge readings and as ...
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Improving the efficiency of Monte Carlo Bayesian calibration of hydrologic models via model pre-emption
Bayesian inference via Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling and sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) sampling are popular methods for uncertainty analysis in hydrological modelling. However, application of these methodologies can incur significant computational costs. This study investigated using model pre-emption for improving the computational efficiency of MCMC and SMC samplers in the context ...
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A preprocessing program for a distributed hydrological model: development and application
A preprocessing program for a distributed hydrological model is very important because it will greatly influence the results of runoff simulation. Runoff simulations include several procedures, such as the determination of flow directions, definition of runoff routing orders, estimation of flow accumulation areas and extraction of drainage networks, etc. In order to simplify the development ...
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Analytical solution of a kinematic wave approximation for channel routing
The kinematic wave approach is often used in hydrological models to describe channel and overland flow. The kinematic wave is suitable for situations where the local and convective acceleration, as well as the pressure term in the dynamic wave model is negligible with respect to the friction and body forces. This is the case when describing runoff processes in the upper parts of catchments, ...
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An assessment of the skill of downscaled GCM outputs in simulating historical patterns of rainfall variability in South Africa
Uncertainties associated with General Circulation Models (GCMs) and the downscaling methods used for regional or local scale hydrological modelling can result in substantial differences in estimates of future water resources availability. This paper assesses the skill of nine statistically downscaled GCMs in reproducing historical climate for 15 catchments in five regions of South Africa. The ...
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A comparison of simple and complex versions of the Xinanjiang hydrological model in predicting runoff in ungauged basins
There are different views on the selection of hydrological model structural complexity for streamflow prediction in ungauged basins. Some studies suggest that complex models are better than simple models due to the former's prediction capability; whereas some studies favor parsimonious model structures to overcome a risk of over-parameterization. The Xinanjiang (XAJ) model, the most widely ...
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A validation of river routing networks for catchment modelling from small to large scales
Underpinning all hydrological simulations is an estimate of the catchment area upstream of a point of interest. Locally, the delineation of a catchment and estimation of its area is usually done using fine scale maps and local knowledge, but for large-scale hydrological modelling, particularly continental and global scale modelling, this level of detailed data analysis is not practical. For ...
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Physically-based modelling, uncertainty, and pragmatism – Comment on: ‘Système Hydrologique Europeén (SHE): review and perspectives after 30 years development in distributed physically-based hydrological modelling’ by Je
The Système Hydrologique Europeén (SHE) modelling system and physically-based distributed modelling (PBDM) were discussed in Refsgaard et al.'s Système Hydrologique Europeén (SHE): review and perspectives after 30 years development in distributed physically-based hydrological modelling (Hydrology Research 41, pp. 355–377). The opportunity is taken here ...
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Proportional coefficient method applied to TRMM rainfall data: case study of hydrological simulations of the Hotan River Basin (China)
A low-density rain gauge network is always a major obstacle for hydrological modelling, particularly for alpine and remote regions. The availability of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) rainfall products provides an opportunity for hydrological modelling, although the results must be validated and corrected before they can be used in further applications. In this paper, the ...
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