Civil infrastructures are usually monitored through its whole life cycle. SHM (Structural Health Monitoring) technologies enable the estimation of the structural state and detection of structural change that affects the performance of a structure. Two discriminating factors in SHM are the time-scale of the change (how quickly the state changes) and the severity of the change. These factors ...
In modern monitoring systems for critical infrastructures protection, there is the need to design automatic decision support systems with high reliability and real-time constraints. These features are usually in contrast as there is a significant trade-off between performance and precision. In this paper, we propose an innovative approach for smart event detection and enriched phenomena ...
Flow rate measurement is a common task in many hydraulic infrastructures included in systems with a large impact on the economy. The quality requirements that such measurement must fulfil imply the best knowledge of the measurement results (estimates and measurement uncertainties). Methods such as those given by the Guide for the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM) have been widely ...
A method to diagnose the current vulnerability of a complex system featuring large numbers of components and indicators, as well as to dynamically monitor the time-evolvement of the vulnerability as the indicators change, is demonstrated. A consequent algorithm and its software implementation are introduced. Providing an index-based vulnerability metrics and a matrix to assess vulnerability ...
Interdependencies among critical infrastructures (CIs) are the cause of domino effects that may have serious consequences for society. To limit the consequences of these phenomena, it is important to be able to anticipate any situation that may trigger a domino effect. To do so, it is necessary to have a good understanding of how CIs are interlinked and how they rely on each other to properly ...
All organisations need continually to improve and make efficiency savings without introducing unacceptable risks. Savings can be made by new collaborations and sharing at the interface between processes. Processes are what people do and so we use them to deliver value. We can also think and use process differently to improve performance. To identify added value we use a process map which shows ...
Approaches for quantifying security system performance vary for different critical facilities, ranging from in-depth quantitative analyses to heuristics-based rules of thumb. Since there is no single accepted definition for what constitutes an effective security system for a critical facility and how best to design and analyse these systems, this technical note is a survey of potential metrics ...
Over the years, Critical Infrastructures (CIs) have become increasingly automated and interlinked. This linkage between CIs results in a very complex and dynamic system which increases their vulnerability to failures. In fact, interdependencies between CIs are a true means of propagation of hazards from one network to another. Thus, when an infrastructure is experiencing difficulties and ...
Interdependencies among Critical Infrastructures (CIs) are the basis for domino effects that may have serious consequences for society. Especially in urban areas, the high density of these infrastructures and their geographic proximity may result in failures due to geographic interdependencies, one of the four types of interdependencies that exist among CIs. Studying the issue of geographic ...
This paper presents a model for the integration of Sustainable Development Indicators (SDIs) with existing business infrastructure at a major Canadian electric utility. The model was developed based on extensive consultations with 16 internal experts at the utility and ten external experts in sustainable development. It considers the integration of the indicators at the case company's ...
AVA Monitoring Systems in one of Sweden’s biggest infrastructure projects. The Stockholm Bypass (Förbifart Stockholm) is one of Sweden’s biggest ever infrastructure projects, and its purpose is to enable continued growth in the nation’s capital. The project aims to make day-to-day life easier for residents in and around Stockholm, by relieving the existing infrastructure ...
What is Zigbee? It is a wireless mesh network designed for wireless control and monitoring applications. It is a low power wireless technology, ideal for battery-operated sensors. Defined in the 2004 Zigbee specification, later superseded by the ZigBee 2006 specification. In 2007 the Zigbee published the Pro Specification. These specifications are available on the Zigbee Alliance website. ...
Worldwide, wetlands are subjected to increasing anthropogenic pressures resulting in loss of their hydrological and ecological functions. Such impacts are more pronounced in the case of wetlands in urban areas which are exposed to land use changes and increased economic activities. In many Indian cities, natural water bodies such as lakes are heavily polluted due to runoff from farmlands in ...
LumaSense Technologies’ E2T product manager, David Ducharme, explains why accurate temperature measurement is critical in a modified Claus sulphur reactor. There are two critical temperatures required for the safe and efficient operation of a sulphur furnace. The first is the refractory temperature, which is critical for hightemperature alarms and automated shutdown systems in the furnace. ...
The point of departure for this analysis is to support the European process towards territorial cohesion and green infrastructure development, in particular the development of a strategy for green infrastructure. This report explores the concept of green infrastructure, with illustrative examples of green infrastructure initiatives on the ground and further analyses of the integration of green ...
This project aims at finding cost-efficient sets of measures to meet the Water Framework Directive (WFD) derived goals for the Dommel River (The Netherlands). Within the project, both acute and long-term impacts of the urban wastewater system on the chemical and ecological quality of the river are studied with a monitoring campaign in the urban wastewater system (wastewater treatment plant and ...