methane analysis Articles
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Error analyses in volumetric method for measuring methane and CO
2adsorption on coalCO2 sequestration in deep coal seams with enhanced coalbed methane recovery (CO2–ECBM) is emerging as a promising option to stabilise CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. Volumetric method for measuring methane and CO2 adsorption on coal can generate the critical information of the coalbed methane recovery and CO2 storage amount of the target coal seams. In this work, the potential sources of ...
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An efficient method to improve the production of methane from anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge
Methane production from waste activated sludge (WAS) anaerobic digestion is always low due to slow hydrolysis rate and inappropriate ratio of carbon to nitrogen (C/N). In this work, a novel approach, i.e., co-digestion of WAS and tobacco waste (TW) using ozone pretreatment, to greatly enhance the production of methane is reported. Experimental results showed the optimal C/N and ozone dosage ...
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A preliminary study of the application of Background Oriented Schlieren (BOS) for the qualitative imaging of methane emissions from coal
Methane presents a pervasive risk in most coal mines, its dilution being one of the primary objectives of the ventilation system. Although many different types of detectors and techniques exist for quantifying methane, little is known about the qualitative aspects of methane, such as visualising how this gas flows from coal. Background Oriented Schlieren (BOS) provides a potential method from ...
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Alternative Methods to RSK 175 Using Purge and Trap Concentration and Automated Headspace for the Analysis of Dissolved Gases in Drinking Water
Abstract With the growing price of oil, many alternative energy sources are being explored. Natural gas prices are actually decreasing, in large part to the use of hydraulic fracturing in areas like the Marcellus Shale in Pennsylvania. Due to increased concern over the hydraulic fracturing process and the release of methane and other chemicals into the local drinking water, a need has developed ...
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An Alternative Method to RSK 175 using a Purge and Trap Concentrator and GC/FID
Abstract With the growing price of oil, many alternative energy sources are being explored. Natural gas prices are actually decreasing, in large part to the use of hydraulic fracturing in areas like the Marcellus Shale in Pennsylvania. Due to increased concern over the hydrofracturing process and the release of methane and other chemicals into the local drinking water, a need has developed for ...
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An Alternative Method to RSK 175 using a Purge and Trap Concentrator and GC/FID
Abstract With the growing price of oil, many alternative energy sources are being explored. Natural gas prices are actually decreasing, in large part to the use of hydraulic fracturing in areas like the Marcellus Shale in Pennsylvania. Due to increased concern over the hydrofracturing process and the release of methane and other chemicals into the local drinking water, a need has developed for ...
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HPR-20 R&D in Thailand
The Hiden HPR-20 R&D installed at the Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok is performing well. The investigation is using a two-stage thermophilic anaerobic bioreactor (ThAn) for methane gas generation. The Hiden gas analysis mass spectrometer is quantitatively measuring the reactant and product gases during each experimental ...
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Determination of methane yield of cellulose using different experimental setups
In this work, biochemical methane potential (BMP) tests with cellulose as a model substrate were performed with the aid of three manually operated or conventional experimental setups (based on manometer, water column and gas bag) and one automated apparatus specially designed for analysis of BMP. The methane yields were 340 ± 18, 354 ± 13, 345 ± 15 and 366 ± 5 ml ...
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Trimetallic Pd/Fe/Al particles for catalytic dechlorination of chlorinated organic contaminants
Zero-valent aluminum based trimetallic particles comprising a combination of catalytically effective amounts (1 wt%) of palladium and zero-valent iron on the aluminum surface were synthesized and tested for the dechlorination of chlorinated methanes in batch reactors. XRD analysis indicated the trimetallic particles present in zero-valent form of all three components. Trimetallic Pd/Fe/Al ...
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Measurements of Methane Emissions and Surface Methane Oxidation at Landfills: WR1125
Methane emissions from landfill were estimated to account for around 3% of the UK‟s total greenhouse gas emissions in 2009. The reported figure for methane emissions from landfill in the UK represents 41.5% of all UK methane emissions. The IPCC guidelines indicate that measurement of methane emissions is necessary to validate models and to provide confidence in country specific model ...
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The CFD approach to analyse transport phenomena-coupled chemical reactions relevant for methane reformers
Various transport phenomena in conjunction with chemical reactions are strongly affected by reformer configurations and the properties of the involved porous catalyst layers. The considered composite duct is relevant for a methane steam reformer and consists of a porous layer for the catalytic chemical reactions, the fuel gas flow duct and the solid plate. In this paper, a fully three-dimensional ...
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Sensitivity analysis in a simulated auto thermal Natural Gas reforming process
Auto Thermal natural gas Reforming (ATR) is one of the mostly used conventional hydrogen generation technologies by the highly developed countries. ATR reactors do not need any direct or indirect heat exchanger, and that is why they are more compact and so preferable than the other reformers. In this study, a process including reformers, carbon dioxide sequestration and a cryogenic separation ...
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Analysis of methane emissions from digested sludge
The energetic use of sewage sludge is an important step in the generation of electricity and heat within a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). For a holistic approach, methane emissions derived from anaerobic treatment have to be considered. Measurements show that methane dissolved in digested sludge can be analyzed via the vacuum salting out degassing method. At different WWTPs, dissolved ...
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High O 3 episodes in Thailand’s Bangkok Metropolitan Regions: sources, spatio-temporal variations and associations with O 3 precursors and meteorological factors
High ozone levels were often observed from December to April at suburban stations in the Bangkok Metropolitan Region (BMR). Wind direction analyses show significant roles of air masses from outside BMR on elevating the BMR O 3 levels. These air masses include biomass burning smoke from the northwestern BMR and sea spray from the Gulf of Thailand mixing with industrial emissions from the ...
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Electrical conductivity as a state indicator for the start-up period of anaerobic fixed-bed reactors
The aim of this work was to analyse the applicability of electrical conductivity sensors for on-line monitoring the start-up period of an anaerobic fixed-bed reactor. The evolution of bicarbonate concentration and methane production rate was analysed. Strong linear relationships between electrical conductivity and both bicarbonate concentration and methane production rate were observed. ...
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Greenhouse gas emission potential of the municipal solid waste disposal sites in Thailand
Open dumping and landfilling are the prevalent solid waste disposal practices in Thailand. Surveys on the disposal sites revealed the presence of 95 landfills and 330 open dumps. Methane emission potential at these sites was estimated by three methods. Results of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) method, Landfill Gas Emission model (LandGEM), and closed flux chamber technique ...
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Application of a novel sampling bailer device for the analysis of dissolved methane concentrations in municipal wastewater during and following anaerobic treatment
Modern wastewater utilities need to be able to measure and quantify the amount of methane from their treatment facilities in order to understand the potential energy that can be produced and the amount of methane being lost. This paper describes the application of a novel sampling bailer designed for the collection of wastewater samples that minimises methane losses. Samples collected during ...
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Comparison of the methane production potential and biodegradability of kitchen waste from different sources under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions
The methane production potential of kitchen waste (KW) obtained from different sources was compared through mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic digestion. The methane yields (MYs) obtained with the same KW sample under different temperatures were similar, whereas the MYs obtained with different samples differed significantly. The highest MY obtained in S7 was 54%–60% higher than the lowest ...
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Evaluation for the reduction and utilisation of coal mine methane emission with AHP method and decision tree
We used the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method to construct an evaluation index system for the reduction and utilisation of coal mine methane (CMM) emission. We used the system to evaluate some coal mines in China and other major coal–producing countries. To simplify the process of evaluation, we established an evaluation model based on the evaluation data and on a decision tree. We ...
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Options to Reduce Methane Emissions
This study analyses methane emissions in the EU and strategies to control them. It considers options for the reduction of emissions from each of the main source sectors, agriculture, waste, coal mining and the oil and gas industry, and assesses costs and applicability of the mitigation options available to produce cost curves for reducing emissions. The study also makes projections of methane ...
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