nitrous oxide emissions Articles
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N2O emissions from a one stage partial nitrification/anammox process in moving bed biofilm reactors
Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from wastewater treatment are getting increased attention because their global warming potential is around 300 times that of carbon dioxide. The aim of the study was to measure nitrous oxide emissions from one stage partial nitrification/anammox (Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation) reactors, where nitrogen is removed in a biological way. The first part of the ...
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Options to Reduce Nitrous Oxide Emissions
This study assesses nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions in the EU and strategies to control them. It considers in detail options for reducing emissions from the agricultural and chemical sectors, and emissions from combustion processes, and assesses their cost-effectiveness and potential reductions, which could be achieved. The study also makes projections of N2O emissions up to 2020 under a ‘business ...
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Nitrous oxide emissions from one-step partial nitritation/anammox processes
Measurements of nitrous oxide were made at pilot- and full-scale plants to evaluate greenhouse gas emissions from one-step partial nitritation/anammox processes applied in moving bed biofilm reactors treating reject water. It was found that 0.51–1.29% and 0.35–1.33% of the total nitrogen loads in the pilot- and full-scale reactor, respectively, were emitted as nitrous oxide. Between 80 and ...
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Methane and nitrous oxide emissions from municipal wastewater treatment – results from a long-term study
Methane and nitrous oxide emissions from a fully covered municipal wastewater treatment plant were measured on-line during 16 months. At the plant under study, nitrous oxide contributed three-quarters to the plant's carbon footprint, while the methane emission was slightly larger than the indirect carbon dioxide emission related to the plant's electricity and natural gas ...
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Nitrous oxide emission from agricultural soils
Anthropogenic nitrogen loading, particularly fertiliser usage in agricultural soils is thought to be a potentially important source of nitrous oxide (N2O) emission, which can be controlled by properly managed fertiliser usage. In this research, laboratory scale experiments were conducted to evaluate N2O production and emission from agricultural soils under variable oxygen availability conditions. ...
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Denitrifying kinetics and nitrous oxide emission under different copper concentrations
Denitrifying activities and nitrous oxide (N2O) emission during denitrification can be affected by copper concentrations. Different denitrifiers were acclimated in sequencing batch reactors with acetate or methanol as the electron donor and nitrate as the electron acceptor. The effect of copper concentrations on the denitrifying activity and N2O emission for the acclimated denitrifiers was ...
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Effect of carbon sources on nitrous oxide emission in a modified Ludzak Ettinger process
Effect of methanol and glycerol on nitrous oxide (N2O) emission in two laboratory-scale modified Ludzak Ettinger (MLE) processes was investigated during three distinct periods: dissolved oxygen (DO) control by intermittent aeration with a DO controller, and high and low aeration rates. N2O consumption rate in an anoxic tank and aeration mode influenced N2O emission rates from the MLE processes. ...
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Nitrous oxide emissions from a waterbody in the Nenjiang basin, China
Using static, closed chambers and gas chromatography techniques, nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions have been monitored for 1 year (2009–2010) on an inland running waterbody downstream of the Nenjiang basin, China. During the freezing period, holes were dug in the ice in order to obtain nitrous oxide samples. Here, we have focused on water-air gas exchange and factors which might influence ...
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Soil formate regulates the fungal nitrous oxide emission pathway
Fungal activity is a major driver in the global nitrogen cycle, and mounting evidence suggests that fungal denitrification activity contributes significantly to soil emissions of the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O). The metabolic pathway and oxygen requirement for fungal denitrification are different from those for bacterial denitrification. We hypothesized that the soil N2O emission from ...
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Analysis of greenhouse gas emissions from 10 biogas plants within the agricultural sector
With the increasing number of biogas plants in Germany the necessity for an exact determination of the actual effect on the greenhouse gas emissions related to the energy production gains importance. Hitherto the life cycle assessments have been based on estimations of emissions of biogas plants. The lack of actual emission evaluations has been addressed within a project from which the selected ...
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Influence of liquid manure on soil denitrifier abundance, denitrification, and nitrous oxide emissions
The influence of liquid dairy and swine manure, soil water-extractable C (WEC) and glucose on the amount of denitrification, the N2O molar ratio [N2O/(N2O + N2)], and the abundance of soil denitrifiers was investigated using repacked soil cores. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to measure the abundance of the total bacteria (16S rRNA gene), two denitrifier guilds bearing the cnorB ...
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Economic Evaluation of Quantitative Objectives for Climate Change
This study identifies the least-cost packages of specific policies and measures for meeting the Community's quantitative reduction targets for greenhouse gases under the Kyoto Protocol. The study analyses separately carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide emissions, and how the different sectors of the economy (i.e. power production, industry, tertiary-domestic, transport, waste sector and ...
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Nitrous oxide emission from the littoral zones of the Miyun Reservoir near Beijing, China
Large dams may be substantial contributors to greenhouse gas emissions. Nitrous oxide (N2O) is the third most important greenhouse gas but studies on N2O emission from reservoirs are limited. We measured N2O emissions and environmental factors including atmospheric pressure, wind speed, air and soil/sediment temperature, biomass, soil water content and organic matter, total nitrogen, NH4+-N ...
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Estimation of indirect nitrous oxide emissions from a shallow aquifer in Northern Germany
Received for publication July 14, 2008. Ground water is considered to be an important source for indirect N2O emissions. We investigated indirect N2O emissions from a shallow aquifer in Germany over a 1-yr period. Because N2O accumulated in considerable amounts in the surface ground water (mean, 52.86 µg N2O–N L–1) and corresponding fluxes were high (up to 34 µg N2O–N m–2 h–1), it was ...
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Experimental study of the impacts of external disturbances on N2O emission from water to air
To obtain a comprehensive understanding of nitrous oxide (N2O) emission from water to air, the impacts of external disturbances including wind, stirring and aeration on N2O emissions were investigated by continuously monitoring N2O concentration variations in water. The volumetric mass transfer coefficient of N2O from water to air (KLaN2O) under different conditions was determined by using ...
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N2O emission in short-cut simultaneous nitrification and denitrification process: dynamic emission characteristics and succession of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria
A sequencing batch airlift reactor was used to investigate the characteristics of nitrous oxide (N2O) emission and the succession of an ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) community. The bioreactor could successfully switch from the complete simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) process to the short-cut SND process by increasing the influent pH from 7.0–7.3 to 8.0–8.3. ...
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Dynamic modelling of nitrous oxide emissions from three Swedish sludge liquor treatment systems
The objective of this paper is to model the dynamics and validate the results of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from three Swedish nitrifying/denitrifying, nitritation and anammox systems treating real anaerobic digester sludge liquor. The Activated Sludge Model No. 1 is extended to describe N2O production by both heterotrophic and autotrophic denitrification. In addition, mass transfer ...
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Measured and simulated Nitrogen fluxes after field application of food-processing and municipal organic wastes
The aims of this study were to (i) assess N fluxes (mineralization, volatilization, denitrification, leaching) caused by spreading various organic wastes from food-processing industries during a field experiment, and (ii) to identify the main factors affecting N transformation processes after field spreading. Experimental treatments including the spreading of six types of waste and a control soil ...
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2016 Presidential Green Chemistry Challenge Award Winners Announced
On June 13, 2016, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced the winners of the 2016 Presidential Green Chemistry Challenge Awards (PGCCA). The PGCCA honors green chemistry technologies that solve climate and environmental problems through creating business opportunities. Jim Jones, Assistant Administrator for the Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention (OCSPP) stated, ...
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Multi-point monitoring of nitrous oxide emissions in three full-scale conventional activated sludge tanks in Europe
The large global warming potential of nitrous oxide (N2O) is currently of general concern for the water industry, especially in view of a new regulatory framework concerning the carbon footprint of water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs). N2O can be generated through different biological pathways and from different treatment steps of a WRRF. The use of generic emission factors (EF) for ...
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