nitrous oxide monitoring Articles
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Nitrous Oxide Detector: The Importance of Monitoring Nitrous Oxide
Most of us are highly aware of the dangers common gases can cause; however, nitrous oxide is one with less coverage and familiarity. This article will explore what nitrous oxide is, what it does, its uses, nitrous oxide side effects, and the importance of nitrous oxide measurement. At Edinburgh Sensors we can help keep you safe from nitrous oxide with our nitrous oxide detector.What is Nitrous ...
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Nitrous oxide emissions from a waterbody in the Nenjiang basin, China
Using static, closed chambers and gas chromatography techniques, nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions have been monitored for 1 year (2009–2010) on an inland running waterbody downstream of the Nenjiang basin, China. During the freezing period, holes were dug in the ice in order to obtain nitrous oxide samples. Here, we have focused on water-air gas exchange and factors which might influence ...
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High temperature and high concentration SCR of NO with NH₃ for the oxyfuel combustion process: fitting of kinetics to data from a laboratory reactor experiment
Abstract This study shows the result of a simulation of a proposed kinetic reaction scheme of high-concentration (5000 ppm NO) and high-temperature (570–800 K) selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3 on a commercial vanadia based catalyst at a system pressure of 2.2 bar. The simulations are performed with COMSOL Multiphysics ver. 5.1. Experimental data from a catalytic flow reactor ...
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Accuracy and precision analysis of chamber-based nitrous oxide gas flux estimates
Chamber-based estimates of soil-to-atmosphere nitrous oxide (N2O) gas flux tend to underestimate actual emission rates due to inherently nonlinear time series data. In theory, this limitation can be minimized by adjusting measurement conditions to reduce nonlinearity and/or by using flux-calculation (FC) schemes that account for the so-called 'chamber effect.' The current study utilizes gas ...
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Effect of soot on N₂O formation over pt based diesel oxidation catalyst supported on microporous TiO₂
Abstract The N2O formation over the diesel oxidation catalyst supported on microporous TiO2 has been investigated in the presence of the soot to simulate cold start or regeneration condition. The platinum (Pt) catalyst entrapped in micropore was resulted in the increase of the catalytic activity compared to the Pt catalyst supported on alumina. Also, it was shown that the presence of the soot ...
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Denitrifying kinetics and nitrous oxide emission under different copper concentrations
Denitrifying activities and nitrous oxide (N2O) emission during denitrification can be affected by copper concentrations. Different denitrifiers were acclimated in sequencing batch reactors with acetate or methanol as the electron donor and nitrate as the electron acceptor. The effect of copper concentrations on the denitrifying activity and N2O emission for the acclimated denitrifiers was ...
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Comparison of different two-pathway models for describing the combined effect of DO and nitrite on the nitrous oxide production by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria
The aim of this work is to compare the capability of two recently proposed two-pathway models for predicting nitrous oxide (N2O) production by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) for varying ranges of dissolved oxygen (DO) and nitrite. The first model includes the electron carriers whereas the second model is based on direct coupling of electron donors and acceptors. Simulations are confronted ...
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Options to Reduce Nitrous Oxide Emissions
This study assesses nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions in the EU and strategies to control them. It considers in detail options for reducing emissions from the agricultural and chemical sectors, and emissions from combustion processes, and assesses their cost-effectiveness and potential reductions, which could be achieved. The study also makes projections of N2O emissions up to 2020 under a ‘business ...
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Characteristics of N2O production and hydroxylamine variation in short-cut nitrification SBR process
In order to study the characteristics of nitrous oxide (N2O) production and hydroxylamine (NH2OH) variation under oxic conditions, concentrations of NH2OH and N2O were simultaneously monitored in a short-cut nitrification sequencing batch reactor (SBR) operated with different influent ammonia concentrations. In the short-cut nitrification process, N2O production was increased with the ...
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Effect of passivated iron powder on final-product distribution in Fe-supported denitrification
An integrated nitrate treatment using passivated iron powder (PIP) and Alcaligenes eutrophus, which is a kind of hydrogenotrophic denitrifying bacteria, was conducted to investigate the effect of iron oxide coating on final-product distribution in hydrogenotrophic denitrification. Based on the results, the autotrophic denitrification supported by PIP could completely remove about 50 ...
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Dinitrogen oxide (N2O) emission in the treatment of urban wastewater via nitrite: influence of liquid kinetic rates
N2O emission was studied in a continuous process via nitrite for real urban wastewater treatment. The relationship between the gaseous forms and the liquid kinetic rates of nitritation and denitritation was investigated. N2O mass load and global nitrogen mass balance were quantified. The emission factor of the N2O (gN2Oemitted/kg mixed liquor volatile suspended solids [MLVSS]/d) was ...
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Multi-point monitoring of nitrous oxide emissions in three full-scale conventional activated sludge tanks in Europe
The large global warming potential of nitrous oxide (N2O) is currently of general concern for the water industry, especially in view of a new regulatory framework concerning the carbon footprint of water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs). N2O can be generated through different biological pathways and from different treatment steps of a WRRF. The use of generic emission factors (EF) for ...
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Experimental study of the impacts of external disturbances on N2O emission from water to air
To obtain a comprehensive understanding of nitrous oxide (N2O) emission from water to air, the impacts of external disturbances including wind, stirring and aeration on N2O emissions were investigated by continuously monitoring N2O concentration variations in water. The volumetric mass transfer coefficient of N2O from water to air (KLaN2O) under different conditions was determined by using ...
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Climate Change Mitigation and Water
Both natural and anthropogenic processes contribute significantly to climate change. Among the natural processes are changes in the energy emitted from the sun, the distance between the sun and the earth, and eruptions from volcanoes. The main anthropogenic processes include emissions of greenhouse gasses such as methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and ...
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The Cost of Using Global Warming Potentials: Analysing the Trade off Between CO2, CH4 and N2O
Abstract The metric governing the trade-off between different greenhouse gases in the Kyoto Protocol, the Global Warming Potentials (GWPs), has received ample critique from both scientific and economic points of view. Here we use an integrated climate-economic optimization model to estimate the cost-effective trade-off between CO2, CH4 and N2O when meeting a temperature stabilization target. We ...
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Effect of carbon sources on nitrous oxide emission in a modified Ludzak Ettinger process
Effect of methanol and glycerol on nitrous oxide (N2O) emission in two laboratory-scale modified Ludzak Ettinger (MLE) processes was investigated during three distinct periods: dissolved oxygen (DO) control by intermittent aeration with a DO controller, and high and low aeration rates. N2O consumption rate in an anoxic tank and aeration mode influenced N2O emission rates from the MLE processes. ...
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Low-temperature N2O decomposition catalysts
Nitrous oxide is known as a greenhouse gas and a severe contributor to ozone layer destruction, thus its decomposition into N2 and O2 is a topic of vital interest for catalytic chemistry. The most promising catalytic materials for direct N2O decomposition are based on cobalt spinels. For practical applications, due to the high price of cobalt, the spinel phase should be dispersed on a low-cost ...
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Simplified method for quantifying theoretical underestimation of chamber-based trace gas fluxes
Received for publication June 19, 2009. Closed chambers used to measure soil-atmosphere exchange of trace gases including nitrous oxide (N2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) generate errors due to suppression of the gas concentration gradient at the soil-atmosphere interface. A method is described here for estimating the magnitude of flux underestimation arising from chamber deployment. The technique is ...
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Nitrous oxide formation during nitritation and nitrification of high-strength wastewater
The purpose of this study was to investigate the formation of nitrous oxide (N2O) in nitritation and nitrification under stable, comparable and not limiting conditions typical for treatment of high-strength wastewater. A laboratory-scale aerated chemostat was operated with reject water at different sludge retention times, achieving suppression of nitrate formation by wash-out of ...
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Physico-chemical properties of SiOXNY thin films
The physico-chemical properties of silicon oxynitride (SiOXNY) thin films deposited by plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition technique (PECVD) from a mixture of SiH4, NH3, N2O and N2 have been studied. The N2O flow rate was varied from 0 to 75 standard cubic centimetres per minute (sccm). When the oxygen content in the plasma is increased, the deposit composition changed from SiNx to SiOXNY. ...
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